Emerging Roles of Pericytes in Coordinating Skeletal Muscle Functions: Implications and Therapeutic Potential

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Nwadozi ◽  
Tara L. Haas
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Muscle Functions

scholarly journals Pioglitazone improves skeletal muscle functions in reserpine-induced fibromyalgia rat model

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 1032-1040
Author(s):  
Fatma E. Hassan ◽  
Hader I. Sakr ◽  
Passant M. Mohie ◽  
Howayda Saeed Suliman ◽  
Ayman Saber Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Muscle Functions

scholarly journals Therapeutic potential of adipose-derived stem cells and macrophages for ischemic skeletal muscle repair

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoriya Rybalko ◽  
Pei-Ling Hsieh ◽  
Laura M Ricles ◽  
Eunna Chung ◽  
Roger P Farrar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Muscle Repair

Adult Stem Cells: The Therapeutic Potential of Skeletal Muscle

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amarjit Saini ◽  
Claire Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Potential

scholarly journals Advances in the Role of Leucine-Sensing in the Regulation of Protein Synthesis in Aging Skeletal Muscle

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Jason Cholewa ◽  
Huayu Shang ◽  
Yueqin Yang ◽  
Xiaomin Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽  
Trna Synthetase ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Anabolic Resistance ◽  
Age Related

Skeletal muscle anabolic resistance (i.e., the decrease in muscle protein synthesis (MPS) in response to anabolic stimuli such as amino acids and exercise) has been identified as a major cause of age-related sarcopenia, to which blunted nutrition-sensing contributes. In recent years, it has been suggested that a leucine sensor may function as a rate-limiting factor in skeletal MPS via small-molecule GTPase. Leucine-sensing and response may therefore have important therapeutic potential in the steady regulation of protein metabolism in aging skeletal muscle. This paper systematically summarizes the three critical processes involved in the leucine-sensing and response process: (1) How the coincidence detector mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 localizes on the surface of lysosome and how its crucial upstream regulators Rheb and RagB/RagD interact to modulate the leucine response; (2) how complexes such as Ragulator, GATOR, FLCN, and TSC control the nucleotide loading state of Rheb and RagB/RagD to modulate their functional activity; and (3) how the identified leucine sensor leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LARS) and stress response protein 2 (Sestrin2) participate in the leucine-sensing process and the activation of RagB/RagD. Finally, we discuss the potential mechanistic role of exercise and its interactions with leucine-sensing and anabolic responses.

scholarly journals A New Selective Pharmacological Enhancer of the Orai1 Ca2+ Channel Reveals Roles for Orai1 in Smooth and Skeletal Muscle Functions

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Azimi ◽  
Ralph J. Stevenson ◽  
Xuexin Zhang ◽  
Aldo Meizoso-Huesca ◽  
Ping Xin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Functions

Regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial function by nuclear receptors: implications for health and disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (7) ◽  
pp. 589-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquin Perez-Schindler ◽  
Andrew Philp
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Nuclear Receptors ◽  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Expression Of Genes

Skeletal muscle metabolism is highly dependent on mitochondrial function, with impaired mitochondrial biogenesis associated with the development of metabolic diseases such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Mitochondria display substantial plasticity in skeletal muscle, and are highly sensitive to levels of physical activity. It is thought that physical activity promotes mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle through increased expression of genes encoded in both the nuclear and the mitochondrial genome; however, how this process is co-ordinated at the cellular level is poorly understood. Nuclear receptors (NRs) are key signalling proteins capable of integrating environmental factors and mitochondrial function, thereby providing a potential link between exercise and mitochondrial biogenesis. The aim of this review is to highlight the function of NRs in skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and discuss the therapeutic potential of NRs for the management and treatment of chronic metabolic disease.

scholarly journals Muscle LIM Protein: Master regulator of cardiac and skeletal muscle functions

Gene ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 566 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Vafiadaki ◽  
Demetrios A. Arvanitis ◽  
Despina Sanoudou
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Master Regulator ◽  
Lim Protein ◽  
Muscle Lim Protein ◽  
Muscle Functions

Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 in Lower Limb Ischemia

Vascular ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 321-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teik K. Ho ◽  
David J. Abraham ◽  
Carol M. Black ◽  
Daryll M. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Western World ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Activity Increase

In the Western world, peripheral vascular disease (PVD) has a high prevalence and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. More patients are presenting with critical limb ischemia (CLI), the end stage of PVD, because of an increased life expectancy owing to improved medical care. In a large percentage of these patients, lower limb amputation is still required, despite current advances in surgery and interventional radiology. Studies of ischemic skeletal muscles disclosed evidence of endogenous angiogenesis and adaptive skeletal muscle metabolic changes in response to hypoxia. Many of the genes responsible for these responses are regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1. HIF-1, consisting of HIF-1α and HIF-1β subunits, is a major transcription factor that functions as a master regulator of oxygen homeostasis that plays essential roles in cellular and systemic pathophysiology. HIF-1α expression and HIF-1 transcriptional activity increase exponentially as cellular oxygen concentration is decreased. More than 60 target genes that are transactivated by HIF-1 have been identified. Many of the target genes, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, have been studied extensively, especially in tumors. However, only recently that interest in HIF-1 is growing in relation to ischemic diseases. Most of the studies concentrated mainly on the angiogenic property of HIF-1. In contrast, there is a lack of information on the role of HIF-1 in skeletal muscle metabolic adaptive changes as the end-organ in PVD. This review aims to summarize our current understanding of HIF-1 roles and the therapeutic potential in PVD.

scholarly journals Fox1 and Fox4 regulate muscle-specific splicing in zebrafish and are required for cardiac and skeletal muscle functions

2010 ◽  
Vol 344 (1) ◽  
pp. 491-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Gallagher ◽  
Joshua Arribere ◽  
Shaunak Adkar ◽  
Henry Marr ◽  
Kariena Dill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Functions
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