Role of the cell recognition molecule, cognin, in GABAergic differentiation in chick retina

We report here the characterization of restrictin, a novel chick neural extracellular matrix glycoprotein associated with the cell recognition molecule F11. Immunoaffinity chromatography using monoclonal antibody 23–13 directed to restrictin yield a major relative molecular mass band at 170 × 10(3) and minor bands at 160, 180, 250 and 320 × 10(3) which are immunologically related to each other. Neural cells attach on immobilized restrictin in a short-term adhesion assay. This adhesion can be blocked specifically by monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies to restrictin but not by antibodies to F11 or by the peptide GRGDSP. Antibodies to restrictin do not interfere with the fasciculation of retinal axons and the isolated restrictin does not stimulate the outgrowth of axons. In the developing nervous system, restrictin is localized in very restricted regions and is found within areas of F11 expression. The timing and pattern of expression of restrictin and its cell attachment activity suggest that it participates in developmental events of the nervous system.

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III. Endocrine cell recognition of luminal nutrients

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.1999.277.6.g1103 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 277 (6) ◽

pp. G1103-G1107 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Alison M. J. Buchan

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Cell ◽

Endocrine Cells ◽

Hormone Secretion ◽

Cell Recognition ◽

Cell Type ◽

Distal Small Intestine ◽

Extrinsic Innervation ◽

Different Response ◽

Outstanding Question

The profile of hormone secretion from the gastrointestinal tract on food ingestion depends to a great extent on the composition of the meal. High levels of protein result in a quantitatively and qualitatively different response compared with a meal rich in fats. The outstanding question is whether this differential response is driven by the ability of gastroenteric endocrine cells to directly sense the contents of the lumen via apical microvilli. Alternative effectors would include activation of the intrinsic and extrinsic innervation or other epithelial cell populations. The data available indicate that the role of the gastrointestinal innervation is relatively limited and is probably a major factor only in the postprandial responses of hormones released from endocrine cells in the distal small intestine. However, whether nutrients directly stimulate gastroenteric endocrine cells or another epithelial cell type has yet to be established.

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The role of semen and seminal plasma in inducing large-scale genomic changes in the female porcine peri-ovulatory tract

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-60810-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

M. Álvarez-Rodríguez ◽

C. A. Martinez ◽

D. Wright ◽

H. Rodríguez-Martinez

Keyword(s):

Seminal Plasma ◽

Genital Tract ◽

Large Scale ◽

Enrichment Analysis ◽

Estrogen Signaling ◽

Cell Recognition ◽

Genomic Changes ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Microarray Analyses

AbstractSemen modifies the expression of genes related to immune function along the porcine female internal genital tract. Whether other pathways are induced by the deposition of spermatozoa and/or seminal plasma (SP), is yet undocumented. Here, to determine their relative impact on the uterine and tubal transcriptomes, microarray analyses were performed on the endocervix, endometrium and endosalpinx collected from pre-ovulatory sows 24 h after either mating or artificial insemination (AI) with specific ejaculate fractions containing spermatozoa or sperm-free SP. After enrichment analysis, we found an overrepresentation of genes and pathways associated with sperm transport and binding, oxidative stress and cell-to-cell recognition, such as PI3K-Akt, FoxO signaling, glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis and cAMP-related transcripts, among others. Although semen (either after mating or AI) seemed to have the highest impact along the entire genital tract, our results demonstrate that the SP itself also modifies the transcriptome. The detected modifications of the molecular profiles of the pre/peri-ovulatory endometrium and endosalpinx suggest an interplay for the survival, transport and binding of spermatozoa through, for instance the up-regulation of the Estrogen signaling pathway associated with attachment and release from the oviductal reservoir.

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