Investigation of liquidus surface in Pb-Sn-Te system by simplex lattice method

1979 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Muszynski ◽  
O.I. Davarashvili ◽  
N.G. Riabtsev ◽  
A.P. Shotov
Keyword(s):  
Liquidus Surface ◽  
Lattice Method ◽  
Simplex Lattice

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF B2O3 AND CaO–SiO2 –B2O3 –Al2O3 SLAG SYSTEM BASICITY ON CONCENTRATION OF MAGNESIUM OXIDE SATURATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
A. A. Babenko ◽  
A. N. Smetannikov ◽  
V. I. Zhuchkov ◽  
A. G. Upolovnikova
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Boron Oxide ◽  
Slag System ◽  
Slag Formation ◽  
Lattice Method ◽  
Saturation Concentration ◽  
New Information ◽  
Simplex Lattice

Study of the effect of boron oxide and basicity of CaO – SiO2–B2O3 – Al2O3slag system on MgO saturation concentration was carried out using the simplex lattice method of experimental design, which allows one to construct mathematical models describing dependence of studied property on composition as a continuous function. Synthetic slags, corresponding in composition to vertices of studied simplex, were smelted in graphite crucibles from previously calcined oxides of analytical grade. Slag compositions corresponding to the remaining points of local simplex plan were obtained by counterblending slags of simplex tops. Using experimental data, mathematical models adequately describing effect of slag composition on saturation concentration of MgO were constructed. Graphic image of mathematical modeling results is represented by the composition diagram – saturation concentration of MgO. Analysis of experimental data presented in diagram made it possible to obtain new information on the effect of boron oxide and basicity of CaO – SiO2 – B2O3slags system containing Al2O3on MgO saturation concentration. It was established that in slags formed in basicity range of 2  –  3 and B2O3content of 1  –  3  %, saturation concentration of MgO varies from 3 to 9  %. Increase in B2O3content in slag to 4  % leads to an increase in MgO saturation concentration in slag of 11  –  13  %. Displacement of slags to area of increased basicity up to 3  –  4 is characterized by a decrease in MgO saturation concentration to 2  –  5  %, with 1  –  3  % of В2О3content and an increase to 7  –  9  % at 3  –  4  % В2О3in slag. Formation of slags in basicity range of 4  –  5 and B2O3content of 1  –  3  % does not lead to a significant decrease in concentration of slag saturation with magnesium oxide. Saturation concentration of MgO in slag in this area of basicity varies from 2 to 4  % and practically does not reach 7  % with an increase in В2О3content to 4  %. At the same time, there is an increase in cost of steel due to an increase in consumption of lime and material containing boron oxide.

The influence of Human Hair on Kenaf and Grewia Fibers based Hybrid Natural Composite Material: An Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boopathi Sampath ◽  
V Balasubramani ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar R ◽  
Robert Singh G
Keyword(s):  
Human Hair ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Hybrid Plant ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Lattice Method ◽  
Commercial Products ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Simplex Lattice ◽  
Natural Composite

Abstract The demand for natural composite products is continuously increasing to make various industrial and commercial products to protect the environment. In this paper, the Hybrid Plant Fiber composite (HPFC) is produced using 64 wt.% of the resin matrix and 36 wt.% of natural fibers (Kenaf, Grewia, and Human hair) by hand layup moulding method. The influences of natural fiber’s weight on tensile, flexural, and impact strengths were investigated by the simplex lattice method. It was revealed that the percentage of contribution of Kenaf and Human hair fibers is higher on Tensile strength, Flexural, and Impact strengths than Grewia fiber. The optimum weight percentage of fibers: 13.5 wt.% of Kenaf, 15.3 wt. % of Human hair and 7.2 wt.% of Grewia of fibers weights have been used to produce desirable mechanical strengths of HPFC. The mechanical properties of HPFC have been compared to HPFC without Human hair. Tensile, flexural, and impact strength of HPFC is 17.95%, 11.1%, and 19.79% higher than the HPFC without Human hair. The predicted optimum HPFC is recommended to make commercial products for fulfilling consumer demand.

Evaluation of Incorporation of Dregs in Mortar Production in Replacement of Hydrated Lime

2016 ◽  
Vol 881 ◽  
pp. 351-356
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Felipe Santos ◽  
Rita de Cássia Silva Sant’Ana Alvarenga ◽  
Beatryz Cardoso Mendes ◽  
José Maria Franco de Carvalho ◽  
Leonardo Gonçalves Pedroti
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Lattice Method ◽  
Water Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Capillary Suction ◽  
Model Adjustment ◽  
Simplex Lattice

The dregs is a residue from the cellulose production, and finding new ways to use it would be interesting to reduce environmental impacts. This study aimed at incorporating it into mortar mixture ratios to replace the hydrated lime. Different proportions of cement, sand and dregs were evaluated using the Simplex-Lattice method of experimental design, and it was analyzed water absorption coefficient, compressive strength and flexural strength. The model adjustment was made with seven points plus three axial points and in terms of pseudo-components. A linear model was adjusted for the first characteristic, and a quadratic model for the second and third characteristics. Larger rates of capillary suction and smaller resistance values were noticed with a larger amount of dregs. This experimental design proved feasible, allowing the obtainment of mixture ratios from pre-determined values of water absorption coefficient and resistance, and making more objective the addition of dregs to mortar mixtures.

Construction of viscosity diagrams for CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–8% MgO–4% B2O3 slags by the simplex lattice method

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (5) ◽  
pp. 372-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Babenko ◽  
S. A. Istomin ◽  
V. I. Zhuchkov ◽  
A. V. Sychev ◽  
V. V. Ryabov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Method ◽  
Simplex Lattice

scholarly journals Investigation of the Magnetic Properties of Ferrites in the CoO-NiO-ZnO Using Simplex-Lattice Design

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliya Frolova ◽  
Oleg Khmelenko
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Magnetic Characteristics ◽  
Magnetic Saturation ◽  
Low Temperature Plasma ◽  
Lattice Method ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice Design ◽  
Magnetic Investigation ◽  
Simplex Lattice

The article is devoted to the analysis of changes in the magnetic characteristics of ferrites in the CoO-NiO-ZnO system by the simplex method. Ferrites of Ni-Zn, Co-Zn, and Co-Ni were synthesized in the form of nanoparticles (20-40 nm) using a new method for processing contact nonequilibrium low-temperature plasma (CNP). The effect of the mutual influence of the contents of different cations on the saturation magnetization and the coercive field was investigated using the simplex-lattice method. A magnetic investigation using a vibrational magnetometer shows that low magnetization values are observed for Ni-Zn ferrites and high for the entire Co-Zn and Co-Ni ferrite series. EPR spectra show that the value of the resonant field and line width corresponds to the value of magnetic saturation and is due to the arrangement of cations on sublattices.

Characterization of Preparing Cold Bonded Carbon Bearing Pellets of Metallurgical Dust for Direct Reduction

2013 ◽  
Vol 734-737 ◽  
pp. 1540-1546
Author(s):  
Jin Shui Zuo ◽  
Cheng Bo Wu ◽  
Zhi Yuan Kang ◽  
Jie Lei ◽  
You You He
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Direct Reduction ◽  
Lattice Method ◽  
Quick Lime ◽  
Composite Pellets ◽  
Adhesive Ability ◽  
Metallurgical Dust ◽  
Simplex Lattice ◽  
Cold Bonding

This paper involves the preparation of cold bonded carbon bearing pellets of metallurgical dust for direct reduction using binder. Investigation reveals that the binder is of vital concern to the preparation of cold bonded carbon bearing pellets. For agglomeration these metallurgical dust, quick lime displays excellent adhesive ability. The strength of pellets with addition 10% quick lime and mixing 9% moisture content after 2 h dried are about 700 N and over 20 times respectively, which is enough to charge the composite pellets into rotary hearth furnace or rotary kiln. In cold bonding, the (3, 3) simplex lattice method was used to find a blend of binders that would result in optimum mechanical properties. Pellets were made up by composite binders, in which quick lime content within the range from 5 to 10%, bentonite content within the range from 0 to 2% and X from 0 to 0.7% possessing the CSP and DSP higher than 300 N, 11 times respectively, from the models of the mechanical properties.

Experiment Planning for Prospective Use of Barium-Containing Alumina Cement for Refractory Concrete Making

2021 ◽  
Vol 1038 ◽  
pp. 330-335
Author(s):  
Oksana Myrgorod ◽  
Galina Shabanova ◽  
Artem Ruban ◽  
Viktoriia Shvedun
Keyword(s):  
Granulometric Composition ◽  
Refractory Concrete ◽  
Experiment Planning ◽  
Lattice Method ◽  
Alumina Cement ◽  
Technical Properties ◽  
Simplex Lattice

The prospect of further use of refractory concrete based on barium-containing alumina cement was justified, with the help of a simplex-lattice method of the experiment planning, the granulometric composition of concrete was selected and its physical, mechanical and technical properties were determined, which exceed the properties of the used analogues.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF SIMPLEX LATTICE METHOD FOR COMPOSITION-VISCOSITY PLOTTING OF СаО – SiO2 – В2О3 SLAGS WITH 15 % Al2O3 AND 8 % MgO

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 601-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Babenko ◽  
V. I. Zhuchkov ◽  
A. G. Upolovnikova ◽  
V. V. Ryabov
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Oxide System ◽  
Slag Viscosity ◽  
Experiment Planning ◽  
Lattice Method ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Fixed Area ◽  
Simplex Lattice ◽  
Local Simplex

The results of composition-viscosity plotting for slag of the CaO – SiO2 – B2O3 system containing 15 % of Al2O3 and 8 % of MgO using simplex lattice method are given in this paper. It allows obtaining mathematical models describing property dependence on composition as a continuous function. The study was subjected to a fixed area in a form of local simplex represented by two CaO – SiO2 – B2O3 concentration triangles. The experiment was planned in pseudo-component coordinates. To describe dependence of slag viscosity on its composition, a mathematical model of polynomial of the third degree was chosen. In experiment planning matrix, slag compositions are given in pseudo-components and original components coordinates. Slags corresponding to studied local simplex vertex composition were melted in graphite crucibles from pre-heated oxides of ChDA brand. Composition of slag, corresponding to the points of local simplex plan, was obtained by counter-mixing of simplex vertex slag. In experiments, molybdenum crucibles were used to measure slags viscosity. Measurements were carried out using an electric vibrational viscometer in an argon flow with continuous cooling of melt from homogeneous-liquid to solid state. The results of generalization of mathematical modeling and graphical representation presented in form of compositionpropertydiagrams made it possible to quantify effect of slag basicity and B2O3 content on viscosity of resulting oxide system. The slag of CaO – SiO2 – B2O3 oxide system, containing 15 % of Al2O3 and 8 % of MgO, is characterized by sufficiently low viscosity in temperature range of 1450 – 1500 °C. Viscosity of such slags increases significantly with temperatures decrease to 1400 °C. It has been established that slags with basicity of 2 to 5, containing 1 to 4 % of B2O3 , are characterized by high liquid mobility at constant concentrations of Al2O3 (15 %) and MgO (8 %), their viscosity in temperature range of 1450 – 1500 °C does not exceed 4 – 7 poise. Such slags have, as a rule, high refining properties and can be recommended for the formation on a ladle furnace installation.

scholarly journals Optimization of the aging regime of Al-based alloys

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Ivanov ◽  
Ljubica Ivanic ◽  
Dragoslav Guskovic ◽  
Srba Mladenovic
Keyword(s):  
Aging Process ◽  
Lattice Method ◽  
Optimal Regime ◽  
Fourth Degree ◽  
Aging Regime ◽  
Simplex Lattice ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
The Given ◽  
Temperature Aging ◽  
Concentration Simplex

Successful simulation of problems and phenomena related to the changes of the alloys composition is possible by applying simplex plans. The concentration (simplex) triangle application for the design of the optimal regime of Al-5wt%Cu-Pb-Bi alloy aging process is presented in this paper. The iso-lines of the given alloy?s mechanical properties in temperature-aging time coordinates were obtained by applying the mathematical models based of the given aging regimes, and the obtained results of changed properties. Regression polynomial of the fourth degree was used as the mathematical model, whereas the effect of the aging regime has been observed through the changes of tensile strength and contraction. Based on the obtained results, we have come to the conclusion that the simplex lattice method can be successfully applied to a great number of heat treatment aspects when with the increase of the temperature the duration time must be reduced, and vice versa (aging, annealing, homogenizing, etc.).

Investigation of color and anticorrosive properties of pigments in the Fe-Al-Mg-O-H system by the simplex lattice method

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliya Frolova ◽  
Tatyana Butyrina
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Dissociation Constants ◽  
Polarization Curves ◽  
Lattice Method ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Simplex Lattice ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Potentiodynamic Method

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the patterns of formation of anti-corrosion properties, the development of compositions for pigments by using the method of co-precipitation and subsequent heat treatment. Design/methodology/approach To obtain co-precipitated hydroxides, aqueous solutions of salts were used. The conditions of synthesis varied according to the following parameters: the nature of the starting salts of metals; and the ratio of metal cations. The anticorrosive activity of the pigments was evaluated by the potentiodynamic method, by comparing the anodic and cathodic polarization curves, and calculated potentials and corrosion currents on the basis of regions of Tafel on curves. Polarization curves were obtained by using Potentiostat/Galvanostat/ZRA Gamry, which connected to the PC, and by using the program Gamry Framework. The measurement results were processed by using the method of simplex-lattice planning. X-ray diffractograms of pigments were recorded on a DRON – 2.0 diffractometer (monochromatic copper radiation with a nickel filter). Findings The paper deals with the results of research the dependence of colour characteristics and anticorrosion properties of synthesized compositions on their nature and composition. The presence of aluminium cations leads to the formation of solid solutions of ferrum and aluminium oxyhydroxides. Originality/value The main technological properties of pigments are determined by the anionic and cationic composition. Colour characteristics are determined by the cation-chromophore. The anti-corrosive properties of non-calcined pigments are determined to a greater extent by the presence of the formed hydroxyl ions and the composition of the compounds. The greatest protective effect is observed when using double compounds of metals, the dissociation constants of which differ significantly. The protective effect is mainly determined by the slowdown of the anode process. Anions containing aluminium atoms accelerate the corrosion processes.

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