Sex pheromones in marine polychaetes V: a biologically active volatile compound from the coelomic fluid of female Nereis (Neanthes) japonica (Annelida Polychaeta)

Perinereis nuntia brevicirrus (Grube 1857), collected from a rocky shore at Qingdao (China) were cultured under different temperature, daylength and moonlight regimes. Ripe individuals were found in the field after an increase of water temperature in early summer, with a semilunar spawning peak from the beginning of June to the end of September. In laboratory experiments, daylength has no influence on maturation and reproduction. Temperature-controlled culture produces gravid, reproducing specimens at any time of the year after an increase in water temperature. For reproduction both sexual partners leave their burrows and swarm at the water surface in the early morning, performing a nuptial dance. The spawning behaviour, the nuptial dance and the release of gametes, are controlled by sex pheromones which are present in the coelomic fluid of mature worms. A sex pheromone from Platynereis dumerilü, 5-methyl-3-heptanone, is found in Perinereis nuntia brevicirrus and causes an increase in swimming activity during reproduction and the release of a small amount of sperm from males. This signal induces the release of eggs by the females followed by the release of masses of sperm by the male due to a second female pheromone.

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ʟ-Ovothiol A: The Egg Release Pheromone of the Marine Polychaete Platynereis Dumerilii: Annelida: Polychaeta

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-1999-1222 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 54 (12) ◽

pp. 1145-1174 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Ingo Röhl ◽

Bernd Schneider ◽

Bettina Schmidt ◽

Erich Zeeck

Keyword(s):

High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

High Performance ◽

Sex Pheromones ◽

Marine Invertebrates ◽

Reversed Phase ◽

Coelomic Fluid ◽

Platynereis Dumerilii ◽

Marine Polychaete ◽

First Time ◽

Sexually Mature

Sex pheromones, released with the coelomic fluid by male Platynereis dumerilii initiate egg release in swarming females. The egg release pheromone, isolated from the coelomic fluid of sexually mature males, was identified as ʟ-Ovothiol A, which was found in male marine invertebrates for the first time. Isolation was obtained by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography in the biologically inactive disulfide form.

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Volatile compound from the coelomic fluid of Nereis succinea: biological activity as sex pheromone

Invertebrate Reproduction & Development ◽

10.1080/07924259.1991.9672159 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 83-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

J. D. HARDEGE ◽

H. BARTELS-HARDEGE ◽

E. ZEECK

Keyword(s):

Biological Activity ◽

Sex Pheromone ◽

Volatile Compound ◽

Coelomic Fluid ◽

Nereis Succinea

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Sex pheromones in amphibians: a review

Veterinární Medicína ◽

10.17221/5637-vetmed ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 50 (No. 9) ◽

pp. 385-389 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J. Rajchard

Keyword(s):

Sex Pheromones ◽

Sexual Relationships ◽

Arginine Vasotocin ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Amino Acid Residues ◽

Courtship Pheromone ◽

Skin Glands ◽

Inactive Form ◽

Female Attraction ◽

Pheromonal Activity

Amphibians are interesting animals, very often kept by aquarists and vivarists. Their ability of intraspecific chemical signalization belongs to very interesting biological features. The skin glands of anurans secrete various biologically active compounds. The pheromones are peptides consisting of various numbers of amino acid residues and their synthesis is regulated by hormones (e.g. prolactin and androgens). Similarly, the responsiveness of the vomeronasal epithelium to some of these compounds is enhanced by some hormonal substances (prolactin and oestrogen). Hypophyseal hormones, arginine vasotocin and gonadotropin-releasing hormone are involved in the humoral regulation of pheromone discharge. The storage of some compounds with pheromonal activity in a biologically inactive form was also proved. The pheromones have an important role in sexual relationships. These chemosignals increase female receptivity and are probably involved in the mate choice. The courtship pheromone signals may be conserved across related species. Chemosignals play an important role in female attraction and/or territorial announcement. In addition to sex pheromones, various neuropeptides, antimicrobial and other biologically active peptides were found in skin glands of these amphibians. The infochemical system can be disturbed by a chemical influence in the environment.

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Sex pheromones in a marine polychaete: Biologically active compounds from femalePlatynereis dumerilii

Journal of Experimental Zoology ◽

10.1002/jez.1402600112 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 260 (1) ◽

pp. 93-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

E. Zeeck ◽

J. D. Hardege ◽

H. Bartels-Hardege ◽

A. Willig ◽

G. Wesselmann

Keyword(s):

Sex Pheromones ◽

Biologically Active Compounds ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Active Compounds ◽

Marine Polychaete

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The Sex Pheromones of Two Pine Sawfly Species, Gilpinia frutetorum and Gilpinia socia: Chemical Identification, Synthesis and Biological Activity

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2009-9-1020 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 64 (9-10) ◽

pp. 733-742 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Erik Hedenström ◽

Helene Edlund ◽

Ann-Britt Wassgren ◽

Gunnar Bergström ◽

Olle Anderbrant ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Activity ◽

Sex Pheromones ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Whole Body ◽

Chemical Identification ◽

Active Esters ◽

Pine Sawfly ◽

Gilpinia Frutetorum

3,7-Dimethylpentadecan-2-ol and 3-methylpentadecan-2-ol were identified in female whole body extracts from the two pine sawfly species Gilpinia frutetorum and Gilpinia socia. This is the first observation of 3-methylpentadecan-2-ol in extracts of a female pine sawfly species. Synthetic and highly pure stereoisomers of 3,7-dimethylpentadecan-2-ol and 3-methylpentadecan-2-ol were used to verify that the (2S,3R,7R)-isomer of 3,7-dimethylpentadecan- 2-ol and (2S,3R)-3-methylpentadecan-2-ol were present in the extracts. The four stereoisomers of 3-methylpentadecan-2-ol and their biologically active esters were produced via chemoenzymatic methods and the synthesis is described in detail. Male G. socia antennae responded strongly in EAG recordings to the (2S,3R)-isomer of the acetate and propionate of 3-methylpentadecan-2-ol. Male antennae of both G. frutetorum and G. socia also responded to the (2S,3R,7R)- and (2S,3R,7S)-acetates of 3,7-dimethylpentadecan-2-ol

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Sex Pheromones in Nereids: Volatile Compounds of the Coelomic Fluid of Nereis virens

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-1990-7-828 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 45 (7-8) ◽

pp. 924-926 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

E. Zeeck ◽

J. D. Hardege

Keyword(s):

Sex Pheromone ◽

Volatile Compounds ◽

Sex Pheromones ◽

Coelomic Fluid ◽

Nereis Virens ◽

Platynereis Dumerilii ◽

Minor Compounds

Abstract Volatile compounds of the pheromone bouquet of Nereis virens have been isolated and identified from the coelomic fluid of ripe sub-heteronereids. One of the minor compounds is the sex pheromone of Platynereis dumerilii, 5-methyl-3-heptanone.

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Characterization of photosystem II with the atomic-force microscope

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100130365 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 1146-1147

Author(s):

Kathleen M. Marr ◽

Mary K. Lyon

Keyword(s):

Photosystem Ii ◽

Atomic Force Microscope ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Freeze Etching ◽

Image Averaging ◽

Oxygen Evolving ◽

Averaging Techniques

Photosystem II (PSII) is different from all other reaction centers in that it splits water to evolve oxygen and hydrogen ions. This unique ability to evolve oxygen is partly due to three oxygen evolving polypeptides (OEPs) associated with the PSII complex. Freeze etching on grana derived insideout membranes revealed that the OEPs contribute to the observed tetrameric nature of the PSIl particle; when the OEPs are removed, a distinct dimer emerges. Thus, the surface of the PSII complex changes dramatically upon removal of these polypeptides. The atomic force microscope (AFM) is ideal for examining surface topography. The instrument provides a topographical view of individual PSII complexes, giving relatively high resolution three-dimensional information without image averaging techniques. In addition, the use of a fluid cell allows a biologically active sample to be maintained under fully hydrated and physiologically buffered conditions. The OEPs associated with PSII may be sequentially removed, thereby changing the surface of the complex by one polypeptide at a time.

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Depletion and Reconstitution of Active E. Coli Ribosomes

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100116826 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

pp. 640-641

Author(s):

M. Boublik ◽

W. Hellmann ◽

F. Jenkins

Keyword(s):

Protein Biosynthesis ◽

Large Subunit ◽

High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Biological Macromolecules ◽

E Coli ◽

Resolution Electron ◽

And Function

Correlations between structure and function of biological macromolecules have been studied intensively for many years, mostly by indirect methods. High resolution electron microscopy is a unique tool which can provide such information directly by comparing the conformation of biopolymers in their biologically active and inactive state. We have correlated the structure and function of ribosomes, ribonucleoprotein particles which are the site of protein biosynthesis. 70S E. coli ribosomes, used in this experiment, are composed of two subunits - large (50S) and small (30S). The large subunit consists of 34 proteins and two different ribonucleic acid molecules. The small subunit contains 21 proteins and one RNA molecule. All proteins (with the exception of L7 and L12) are present in one copy per ribosome.This study deals with the changes in the fine structure of E. coli ribosomes depleted of proteins L7 and L12. These proteins are unique in many aspects.

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