Intrauterine growth: Correlations of maternal nutritional status and rate of gestational weight gain

Excessive gestational weight gain is a predictive factor for maternal obesity, with implications on newborn’s weight and potential short- and long-term complications. Gestational weight gain depends on ethnic and social factors, as well as on parity. Excepting the aforementioned factors, we must also recall the major impact of the genetic susceptibility being pointed out that three essential periods influence fetal evolution, i.e. periconceptional, intrauterine and postnatal. The intrauterine environment owns an essential role in the optimal development of fetus with an effect on the offspring’s organ structure and functions, being currently assumed that adulthood pathologies originate in the perinatal period. Thus, the relationship between excessive gestational weight gain and child’s obesity or metabolic disorders is well documented. Moreover, recent information from the literature suggests that child’s allergies, wheezing or asthma might also be related to maternal nutritional status. To sum up, excessive gestational weight gain owns a decisive role in the development of child’s obesity and metabolic disorders imposing the major importance of a balanced diet during pregnancy in order to favor an optimal weight gain with a positive effect on fetal wellbeing that will further prevent the offspring’s metabolic risk.

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Association Between Maternal Nutritional Status of Pre Pregnancy, Gestational Weight Gain and Preterm Birth

Materia Socio Medica ◽

10.5455/msm.2013.25.6-8 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 6 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Sonela Xinxo ◽

Astrit Bimbashi ◽

Eduard Kakarriqi ◽

Edmond Zaimi

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Maternal Nutritional Status ◽

Gestational Weight

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What Are the Maternal Factors That Potentially Intervenes in the Nutritional Composition of Human Milk?

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13051587 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1587

Author(s):

Yasmin Amaral ◽

Leila Silva ◽

Fernanda Soares ◽

Daniele Marano ◽

Sylvia Nehab ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Human Milk ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Post Partum ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Gestational Weight

Background: To evaluate the potential factors associated with the nutritional composition of human milk of puerperal women. Methods: cross-sectional study, conducted between March 2016 and August 2017, with 107 women, selected in a Tertiary Health Care Tertiary Health Facility of the Unified Health System (SUS) in the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro. Data were collected two months after delivery. The dependent variable of the study was the nutritional composition of human milk. We divided the independent variables into hierarchical levels: distal (age, schooling, parity and pregestational nutritional status), intermediate (number of prenatal visits and gestational weight gain) and proximal (alcohol consumption, smoking, diabetes mellitus and hypertension). For data analysis, we applied the multiple linear regression, centered on the hierarchical model. Only the variables associated with the nutritional composition of breast milk remained in the final model at a 5% level of significance. Results: The nutritional composition of human milk yielded by women with pregestational overweight, smokers and hypertensive had higher amounts of lipids and energy. Conversely, women with gestational weight gain below the recommended had lower amounts of these components. Conclusion: The evaluation of factors associated with the nutritional composition of human milk is extremely important to assist post-partum care practices. In this study, we observed that lipid and energy contents were associated to pregestational nutritional status, gestational weight gain, smoking and hypertension.

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HUBUNGAN ANTARA KENAIKAN BERAT BADAN SELAMA KEHAMILAN DENGAN KEJADIAN KETUBAN PECAH DINI DI KABUPATEN WAJO

IJCNP (INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION PHYSICIAN) ◽

10.54773/ijcnp.v4i1.64 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 74-81

Author(s):

Alfitra Salam ◽

Nadyah ◽

Fhirastika Annisha Helvian

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

P Value ◽

Premature Rupture Of Membranes ◽

Premature Rupture ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

Weight Gain During Pregnancy

Background : Nutritional status could be used as an assessment of the risk of premature rupture of membranes. One way to determine the nutritional status of pregnant women is to calculate the gestational weight gain of women based on body mass index before pregnancy. Objective : The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between gestational weight gain and the occurrences of premature rupture of membranes. Methodology : An observational analytic study with a cross sectional approach was adopted in this study. The data of this study were collected from the patients’ medical records at RSUD Lamaddukelleng of Wajo Regency in which the inclusion and exclusion sampling criteria were used. A total of 90 samples of patients’ medical record was obtained related to premature rupture of membranes. The collected data were processed and analyzed using the Chi-Square test with the p value of <0.05. Result : The results of the study indicated that there was a significant relationship between weight gain during pregnancy and the occurrence of premature rupture of membranes with the p value of 0.016. Conclusion : This study concluded that while there is a significant relationship between weight gain during pregnancy and premature rupture of membranes

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The weight gain influence of pregnant women under different clinical conditions on weight at the birth of newborns.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-54123/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Márcia Dornelles Machado Mariot ◽

Daniela Cortés Kretzer ◽

Isadora Musse Nunes ◽

Marcelo Zubaran Goldani ◽

Juliana Rombaldi Bernardi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

Clinical Conditions ◽

And Control

Abstract BACKGROUND: This study evaluate the influence of weight gain of pregnant women under different clinical conditions (Tobacco, Diabetes mellitus (DM), Hypertension, Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and Control) on the birth weight of newborns. METHODS: This is an observational, longitudinal study nested in a prospective controlled cohort and conducted from 2011 to 2016 in three hospitals in the city of Porto Alegre (Brazil). Sociodemographic, prenatal (maternal gestational weight gain, among others) and perinatal (birth weight) data from 372 mother-child pairs were analyzed. Pearson's correlation was used to verify the relationship between gestational weight gain and birth weight. Multivariate regression was performed to determine the association between maternal weight gain in the presence of various health conditions and birth weight. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences in gestational weight gain in different health condition groups (p=0.092). However, women in the Hypertension group had a tendency to gain more weight (p = 0.097). Mothers in the intrauterine growth restriction group gained less weight. A positive correlation was observed between gestational weight gain and birth weight in the Tobacco (p = 0.003) and Control (p =0.001) groups, which remained positive only in the Control group after adjustment (p<0.004). CONCLUSIONS: Only weight gain in pregnant women without clinical changes during pregnancy seemed to influence the weight of the newborn. It is assumed that other factors, such as metabolic or nutritional, present among smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertensive or with intrauterine growth restriction pregnant women have different modulations on the intrauterine environment and, therefore, exert a different influence on fetal growth.

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Prevalence and temporal trends in prepregnancy nutritional status and gestational weight gain of adult women followed in the Brazilian Food and Nutrition Surveillance System from 2008 to 2018

Maternal and Child Nutrition ◽

10.1111/mcn.13240 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Thaís Rangel Bousquet Carrilho ◽

Kathleen M. Rasmussen ◽

Jennifer A. Hutcheon ◽

Ronaldo Fernandes Santos Alves ◽

Dayana Rodrigues Farias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Surveillance System ◽

Temporal Trends ◽

Adult Women ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

Food And Nutrition

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Associations of maternal diet and nutritional status with offspring hepatic steatosis in the Avon longitudinal study of parents and children

BMC Nutrition ◽

10.1186/s40795-021-00433-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ahlia Sekkarie ◽

Jean A. Welsh ◽

Kate Northstone ◽

Aryeh D. Stein ◽

Usha Ramakrishnan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Hepatic Steatosis ◽

Free Sugar ◽

Sugar Intake ◽

Maternal Nutritional Status ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

Parents And Children ◽

Avon Longitudinal Study

Abstract Background Priming for cardiometabolic diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is hypothesized to begin in utero. The primary objective of this study is to determine whether there is an association between maternal nutritional status and offspring NAFLD. Methods Data come from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) in the UK. The analytic sample included 3353 participants who had maternal information on pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain, diabetes, and free sugar intake as percent of total energy and were assessed for mild-severe hepatic steatosis at 24 years by transient elastography (controlled attenuation parameter score ≥ 248 dB/m). Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between maternal factors and offspring hepatic steatosis at 24 years. Results In confounder-adjusted models the independent associations for each maternal factor with mild to severe vs low hepatic steatosis at 24 years were: pre-pregnancy overweight (OR: 1.84, 95%CL: 1.43–2.38) or obesity (OR: 2.73, 95%CL: 1.84–4.03), more than recommended gestational weight gain (OR: 1.30, 95%CL: 1.04–1.64), diabetes (OR: 1.39, 95%CI: 0.87, 2.21), and high free sugar intake during pregnancy (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.82, 1.33). These associations were largely mediated by BMI at 24 years, but not by birthweight or breastfeeding. Conclusions Our results suggest that maternal nutritional status is associated with the development of NAFLD in their adult offspring, although the relationship is largely mediated by offspring BMI in adulthood.

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A Study on the Effect of Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain on Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcome

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences ◽

10.14260/jemds/2021/153 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 715-718

Author(s):

Prema Priya G. ◽

Suganya T. ◽

Karthik Sadasivam ◽

Senthilpriya S ◽

Jeyamani B

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Body Mass ◽

Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽

Neonatal Outcome ◽

Gestational Hypertension ◽

Preterm Labour ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

Gestational Weight

BACKGROUND Obesity has become a global epidemic. Maternal overweight and obesity is now a major challenge to the treating obstetricians. We intended to find the effect of pre pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal outcome. METHODS 300 women with singleton pregnancy and spontaneous conception, who attended antenatal outpatient department (OPD) in our tertiary hospital, were included in this study after informed consent. The rate of gestational weight gain was calculated by subtracting the pre pregnancy weight from the final weight of the mother during last antenatal visit or during delivery. They were followed up and their maternal and perinatal outcomes such as anaemia, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, preterm labour, past dates, and intrauterine growth restriction, low birth weight, large for gestation, caesarean delivery and neonatal intensive care admission were studied. RESULTS The mean age of the woman in this study was 24 ± 2 years. Of them, 13 % (n = 39) of women were underweight. 40 % (n = 120) of women were of normal BMI. 33 % (n = 99) of women were overweight. 14 % (n = 52) of women were obese. Maternal complications such as anaemia, preterm labour and intrauterine growth restriction were significantly common in underweight woman and inadequate gestational weight gain woman. Gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, large for gestation baby and Caesarean deliveries were more in pre pregnancy obese woman and excess gestational weight gain woman. CONCLUSIONS An appropriate maternal pre pregnancy body mass index of 18.5 to 22.9 Kg / m2 at conception followed by an appropriate gestational weight gain (10 to 14 Kg) during pregnancy has a better maternal and neonatal outcome. KEY WORDS Body Mass Index, Gestational Weight Gain, Maternal Outcome, and Neonatal Outcome, Obese

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