The X-ray drift chamber (XDC): Use of conventional MWPCs as drift chambers for detection with high energy resolution of soft X-rays with energy down to 500 eV

STJs are promising X-ray detectors as high energy resolution spectrometers due to the small excitation energy to break the Cooper pairs to product detectable electrons. The expected energy resolution is about 5 eV for a 6 keV incident X-rays (see review by Kraus et al. and Esposito et al.). We have developed a large area (178 × 178μm2) Nb/Al/AlOX/Al/Nb STJs (Kurakado et al. 1993) and series-connected STJs with a position resolution of 35μm for α particles (Kurakado 1997) at Nippon Steel Corporation. As a focal plane detector in future X-ray missions, we are developing STJs whose targert characteristics are; an energy resolution of 20 eV at 6keV, an effective area of 1 cm2, and position resolution of 100μm.

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Practical X-ray Spectrometry with Second-Generation Microcalorimeter Detectors

Microscopy Today ◽

10.1017/s1551929512000429 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 38-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Robin Cantor ◽

Hideo Naito

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Spatial Resolution ◽

Energy Resolution ◽

Semiconductor Industry ◽

High Energy ◽

High Energy Resolution ◽

X Rays ◽

X Ray ◽

Analytical Technique ◽

Transmission Electron

X-ray spectroscopy is a widely used and extremely sensitive analytical technique for qualitative as well as quantitative elemental analysis. Typically, high-energy-resolution X-ray spectrometers are integrated with a high-spatial-resolution scanning electron microscope (SEM) or transmission electron microscope (TEM) for X-ray microanalysis applications. The focused electron beam of the SEM or TEM excites characteristic X rays that are emitted by the sample. The integrated X-ray spectrometer can then be used to identify and quantify the elemental composition of the sample on a sub-micron length scale. This combination of energy resolution and spatial resolution makes X-ray microanalysis of great importance to the semiconductor industry.

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Use of Polycapillary Optics to Increase the Effective Area of Microcalorimeter Spectrometers

Microscopy and Microanalysis ◽

10.1017/s1431927600012265 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 3 (S2) ◽

pp. 1075-1076 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D. A. Wollman ◽

Christopher Jezewski ◽

G. C. Hilton ◽

Qi-Fan Xiao ◽

K. D. Irwin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Resolution ◽

Count Rate ◽

Small Area ◽

Solid Angle ◽

Collection Efficiency ◽

High Energy ◽

High Energy Resolution ◽

X Rays ◽

X Ray ◽

Broad Energy Range

Although the performance of high-energy-resolution microcalorimeter spectrometers for x-ray microanalysis is encouraging, the future widespread acceptance of these spectrometers as valuable microanalysis instruments depends on improvements in both achievable count rate and geometrical x-ray collection efficiency. While the maximum output count rate of our microcalorimeter (∼160 s−1) is much less than that of conventional EDS detectors operating at their highest energy resolution (∼3000 s−1), we are confident that we can significantly improve the count rate without loss of energy resolution (∼10 eV FWHM over a broad energy range). Increasing the area (and thus solid angle) of the microcalorimeter is a more difficult problem, however, as the best microcalorimeter performance is achieved using small-area (typically 250 μm by 250 μm) absorbers with low heat capacity.This problem can be solved by using an x-ray lens to increase the collection efficiency of the microcalorimeter spectrometer. A polycapillary optic consisting of tens of thousands of fused capillaries can collect x-rays from a point x-ray source over a large solid angle and focus the x-rays onto the small-area absorber of the microcalorimeter.

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High-Energy-Resolution Fluorescence-Detected X-ray Absorption of the Q Intermediate of Soluble Methane Monooxygenase

Journal of the American Chemical Society ◽

10.1021/jacs.7b09560 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 139 (49) ◽

pp. 18024-18033 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Rebeca G. Castillo ◽

Rahul Banerjee ◽

Caleb J. Allpress ◽

Gregory T. Rohde ◽

Eckhard Bill ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Resolution ◽

Methane Monooxygenase ◽

High Energy ◽

High Energy Resolution ◽

X Ray ◽

Soluble Methane Monooxygenase ◽

X Ray Absorption

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High-energy resolution X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy reveals insight into unique selectivity of La-based nanoparticles for CO2

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1516192113 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 112 (52) ◽

pp. 15803-15808 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Ofer Hirsch ◽

Kristina O. Kvashnina ◽

Li Luo ◽

Martin J. Süess ◽

Pieter Glatzel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Resolution ◽

Emission Spectroscopy ◽

High Energy ◽

Unit Cell ◽

High Energy Resolution ◽

Electron Configuration ◽

Edge Structure ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Absorption

The lanthanum-based materials, due to their layered structure and f-electron configuration, are relevant for electrochemical application. Particularly, La2O2CO3 shows a prominent chemoresistive response to CO2. However, surprisingly less is known about its atomic and electronic structure and electrochemically significant sites and therefore, its structure–functions relationships have yet to be established. Here we determine the position of the different constituents within the unit cell of monoclinic La2O2CO3 and use this information to interpret in situ high-energy resolution fluorescence-detected (HERFD) X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and valence-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopy (vtc XES). Compared with La(OH)3 or previously known hexagonal La2O2CO3 structures, La in the monoclinic unit cell has a much lower number of neighboring oxygen atoms, which is manifested in the whiteline broadening in XANES spectra. Such a superior sensitivity to subtle changes is given by HERFD method, which is essential for in situ studying of the interaction with CO2. Here, we study La2O2CO3-based sensors in real operando conditions at 250 °C in the presence of oxygen and water vapors. We identify that the distribution of unoccupied La d-states and occupied O p- and La d-states changes during CO2 chemoresistive sensing of La2O2CO3. The correlation between these spectroscopic findings with electrical resistance measurements leads to a more comprehensive understanding of the selective adsorption at La site and may enable the design of new materials for CO2 electrochemical applications.

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High-energy resolution in X-ray scattering with the spectrometer INELAX. I. The principles and the test instrument

Journal of Applied Crystallography ◽

10.1107/s0021889891007884 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 1042-1050 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

E. Burkel ◽

B. Dorner ◽

Th. Illini ◽

J. Peisl

Keyword(s):

Energy Resolution ◽

High Energy ◽

Bragg Angle ◽

High Energy Resolution ◽

X Rays ◽

Test Results ◽

X Ray Scattering ◽

Radiation Sources ◽

Very High Energy ◽

Very High

Very high-energy resolution measurements using X-rays can be achieved by extreme backreflection (Bragg angle close to 90°) from perfect crystals. This technique, combined with the high intensity of X-rays emitted by synchrotron-radiation sources, allowed the development of the instrument INELAX for inelastic scattering experiments. The principles and test results are discussed.

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