Statistical analysis of anionic detergent-induced changes in the goblet mucous cells of opercular epidermis and gill epithelium of Rita rita (Ham.) (Bagridae: Pisces)

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debasish Roy
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Mucous Cells ◽  
Gill Epithelium ◽  
Induced Changes

Neuropeptides degranulate serous cells of ferret tracheal glands

1986 ◽  
Vol 251 (2) ◽  
pp. C223-C229 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Gashi ◽  
D. B. Borson ◽  
W. E. Finkbeiner ◽  
J. A. Nadel ◽  
C. B. Basbaum
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Gland Cell ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Mucous Cells ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Submucosal Glands ◽  
Muscarinic Cholinergic ◽  
Induced Changes

To determine whether serous or mucous cells in tracheal submucosal glands respond to the neuropeptides substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), we studied the peptide-induced changes in gland cell morphology accompanying release of 35SO4-labeled macromolecules from tracheal explants of ferrets. Explants were labeled for 1 h in medium containing 35SO4 and washed for 3.5 additional hours. Base-line secretion in the absence of drugs declined between 1.5 and 3.5 h after the pulse. Between 2.5 and 3.5 h, the average percent change in counts per minute recovered per sample period was not significantly different from zero (P greater than 0.3; n = 6). Substance P (10(-5) M) and VIP (2 X 10(-6) M) added 4 h after labeling each increased greatly the release of 35SO4-labeled macromolecules (SP, 219%; VIP, 180%) above base line. Bethanechol, a muscarinic-cholinergic agonist (10(-5) M), increased secretion by an average of 142% above base line (each effect, P less than 0.05; n = 6 each). Light and electron microscopy of the control tissues showed glands with narrow lumens and numerous secretory granules. Glands treated with SP or VIP had enlarged lumens and the serous cells were markedly degranulated. These phenomena were documented by morphometry and suggest that SP and VIP cause secretion from glands at least partially by stimulating exocytosis from serous cells.

Electron Microscopic Examination of the Mummichog (Fundulus Heteroclitus) Respiratory Epithelium Following Acute Exposure to Mercury

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 274-275
Author(s):  
J. Klaunig ◽  
S. Koepp
Keyword(s):  
Fundulus Heteroclitus ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Acute Exposure ◽  
Gill Epithelium ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Male Fish ◽  
Test Fish ◽  
Fine Structure And Function ◽  
And Function ◽  
Induced Changes

Although light microscopical studies on both the rainbow trout (1) and mummichog (2) have revealed extensive trauma of the gill epithelium following acute exposure to mercuric compounds, the absence of comparable ultrastructural data has prevented accurate interpretation of subcellular events stemming from uptake of this toxicant. This paper describes current progress in the description of mercury-induced changes in epithelial fine structure and function. The mummichog was selected as the test fish because of its extensive use in compensatory physiological studies (3), as well as prior pathological investigations involving heavy metals (4). Male fish (3.3-3.5 g) were incubated for 96 hours in one of three toxicologically-significant dosages of mercuric chloride (1.0, 2.0, and 4.O ppm). Surviving fish at each dosage were subsequently sacrificed and the respective gill tissues fixed for two hours in 2.5 % phosphate-buffered glutaraldehyde (pH 7.3) at 4°c.

scholarly journals Identification of glycoproteins in mucous cells of the gill epithelium of Colossoma macropomum after exposure to organophosphate

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 837-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.E. Moron ◽  
P.R. Matos ◽  
A.T. Ramos ◽  
M.G.T. Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Sublethal Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mucous Cells ◽  
Gill Epithelium ◽  
Epithelial Surface ◽  
Surface Protection ◽  
Colossoma Macropomum ◽  
Acid Glycoprotein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Acid Acid

ABSTRACT The use of organophosphates has been recommended for fish, especially the trichlorfon to control parasites. Colossoma macropomum were exposed to trichlorfon during 96 hours and of total number of mucous cells decreased in the number of cells when compared to the control group. Glycoproteins acid, acid sulphated and neutral was identified in the gill epithelium. Neutra glycoprotein had a significant decrease between control and the sublethal concentration. Acid glycoprotein didn’t have any significant difference between the groups exposed to the trichlorfon, compared to the control group. Sulfated acidic glycoprotein in the group exposed to the trichlorfon was noticed a reduction in number of mucosal cells acidic sulphated. The differences between density cell and production glycoprotein was a response of these cells after exposure to xenobiotic. The reduction of neutral, acid and sulphated acid glycoprotein in the MC of the gill epithelium Colossoma macropomum may affect gills epithelial surface protection by reducing the formation of an unstirred layer and enhance the ion loss.

scholarly journals Response of mucous cells of the gills of traíra (Hoplias malabaricus) and jeju (Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus) (Teleostei: Erythrinidae) to hypo- and hyper-osmotic ion stress

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandro Estevan Moron ◽  
Cássio Arilson de Andrade ◽  
Marisa Narciso Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Gill Filament ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Mucous Cells ◽  
Gill Epithelium ◽  
Air Breathing ◽  
Hoplias Malabaricus ◽  
Interlamellar Region ◽  
Hoplerythrinus Unitaeniatus

The mucous cells (MC) of traíra, Hoplias malabaricus, and jeju, Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus, two ecologically distinct erythrinid species, were analyzed in fish exposed to deionized (DW) and high ion concentration (NaCl and Ca2+) water (HIW) during 15 days to evaluate the MC responses to ion challenge. MCs are localized in the leading and trailing edge and, interlamellar region of the gill filament epithelium but, in H. unitaeniatus, they are also found in the breathing or lamellar epithelium. MC density is lower in H. malabaricus, the exclusively water-breathing fish, than in H. unitaeniatus, a facultative air-breathing fish. The transference to DW or HIW did not change the MC density and surface area, excepting in H. malabaricus, in the first day of exposure to DW. A single MC containing three types of glycoproteins (neutral, acidic and sulphated) was identified in the gill epithelium of both, H. malabaricus and H. unitaeniatus. The amount (based on the intensity of histochemistry reaction) of these glycoproteins differed between the species and were altered after exposure to DW and HIW showing little adjustments in the amount of mucosubstances in the MC of H. malabaricus and reduction of acidic and sulphated glycoproteins in H. unitaeniatus. The decreasing of these glycoproteins in H. unitaeniatus reduced the mucus protection against desiccation of gill tissue when change the ion concentration in water.

Some Aspects of the Structure and Cytology of the Gills of Lampetra fluviatilis

1957 ◽  
Vol s3-98 (44) ◽  
pp. 473-485
Author(s):  
R. MORRIS
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Gill Filament ◽  
Spawning Migration ◽  
Transitional Epithelium ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Mucous Cells ◽  
Gill Epithelium ◽  
Basal Nuclei ◽  
Monovalent Ions

A description is given of the structure and vascularization of the lampern gill. A comparison of the cellular components of the gill epithelium taken from lamperns at various stages of their spawning migration show that certain types of cells are common to all animals. These include the cells covering the gill platelets, the mucous cells, and certain basal cells from which others originate. The mucous cells are quite different in structure from those of teleosts. There is a progressive loss of large acidophilic cells from certain regions of the gill filament as animals enter fresh water during the earlier stages of the spawning migration. These cells are similar in both structure and location to those described as chloride excretory cells from the gills of marine teleosts. They are typically large, flask-shaped cells with basal nuclei and they are filled with rod-shaped or spherical mitochondria. It is believed that they are responsible for the extra-renal excretion of monovalent ions during the process of marine osmoregulation in the lampern. The chloride excretory cells are very numerous in a limited number of fresh-run animals which are able to osmoregulate in 50% sea water. In the normal course of events the chloride excretory cells are replaced by a smaller type of cell which is also rich in mitochondria, but unlike the excretory cells these lie at the surface of a transitional epithelium. It is argued that these cells may be responsible for ion uptake from fresh water in the maturing animal. In male lamperns, large glandular cells of unknown function appear in the gill epithelium as the animal nears the time of spawning.

Structural Changes in the Danish Alcohol Market

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Anders Milhøj
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Minimum Change ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
Induced Changes

This report researched yearly (1978–1994) and quarterly (1990–1994) data on the Danish consumption of beer, wine and spirits in order to identify changes in the market shares of each of these types of alcohol which were caused by major tax reductions for beer and wine in 1991 and 1992. Plots of the data immediately show that the sales of spirits decreased while the sales of wine increased. These changes are too large to be explained only by the reduction of the cross-border trade with Germany. Cross-border trade was the main reason for the tax reductions. The statistical analyses give a more precise picture of the reasons for the reduction in the market share of spirits in the total Danish alcohol sales, from 14 percent in 1990 to 11 percent in 1993. The main part of this reduction, at least 2 percent, is caused by the tax-induced changes in price relations, while, at most, 1 percent comes from a trend movement. The market share of beer has been almost constant for many years. However, the statistical analysis shows that a trend movement tends to reduce market share, while a reduction in beer price, relative to the price of spirits caused by tax reductions, has increased the market share, resulting in minimum change for the beer sector. The market share of wine has been steadily increasing since the 1970s and no dependencies on the prices of alcohol was found.

Statistical analysis of classification

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
T. J. Deeming
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Amount Of Information

If we make a set of measurements, such as narrow-band or multicolour photo-electric measurements, which are designed to improve a scheme of classification, and in particular if they are designed to extend the number of dimensions of classification, i.e. the number of classification parameters, then some important problems of analytical procedure arise. First, it is important not to reproduce the errors of the classification scheme which we are trying to improve. Second, when trying to extend the number of dimensions of classification we have little or nothing with which to test the validity of the new parameters.Problems similar to these have occurred in other areas of scientific research (notably psychology and education) and the branch of Statistics called Multivariate Analysis has been developed to deal with them. The techniques of this subject are largely unknown to astronomers, but, if carefully applied, they should at the very least ensure that the astronomer gets the maximum amount of information out of his data and does not waste his time looking for information which is not there. More optimistically, these techniques are potentially capable of indicating the number of classification parameters necessary and giving specific formulas for computing them, as well as pinpointing those particular measurements which are most crucial for determining the classification parameters.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document