Three dimensional computer graphic models by analytical photogrammetry

Author(s):  
J. K. Samarabandu ◽  
R. Acharya ◽  
D. R. Pareddy ◽  
P. C. Cheng

In the study of cell organization in a maize meristem, direct viewing of confocal optical sections in 3D (by means of 3D projection of the volumetric data set, Figure 1) becomes very difficult and confusing because of the large number of nucleus involved. Numerical description of the cellular organization (e.g. position, size and orientation of each structure) and computer graphic presentation are some of the solutions to effectively study the structure of such a complex system. An attempt at data-reduction by means of manually contouring cell nucleus in 3D was reported (Summers et al., 1990). Apart from being labour intensive, this 3D digitization technique suffers from the inaccuracies of manual 3D tracing related to the depth perception of the operator. However, it does demonstrate that reducing stack of confocal images to a 3D graphic representation helps to visualize and analyze complex tissues (Figure 2). This procedure also significantly reduce computational burden in an interactive operation.


1989 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 522-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Lutz ◽  
Akira Takagi ◽  
Ivo P. Janecka ◽  
Isamu Sando

The complexities of the temporal bone and the critical inter-relationships among its key structures can be simplified with three-dimensional computer-assisted reconstruction. Knowledge of the topography of these structures and their mutual relationships in essential in any surgical approach to the temporal bone. Sixty sagittal histologic sections of a normal left temporal bone were examined. Each section, 30 μm in thickness, was optically enlarged. Segments representing the facial nerve, internal carotid artery, and inner ear structures from individual slides were traced and data were entered into a computer. A personal computer was used for data processing and analysis. Graphic software developed in our laboratory generated images with x-y-z coordinates that could be rotated In any plane. The high resolution of the computer graphics system, combined with the precision of histologic sections, permitted study of the critical three-dimensional anatomic relationships among essential intratemporal bone structures. The capability of reproducing individual and joint images of the intratemporal bone structures and viewing them from all surgical angles gives skull base and otologic surgeons Important topographic guidance. Accurate spatial measurements of temporal bone anatomy are now possible with the application of computer graphic technology.


2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Elena Biondi ◽  
Alessandro Bovero

<p>In this paper we present an experience designed to introduce virtual reality and computer graphic modeling as representing tools in all phases of interpretation, analysis, reconstruction and communication of archaeological and historical researches on Venaria Reale Complex. Ten three-dimensional CG reconstructions represent exterior shapes of the Complex corresponding its five major building phases: the relationship between the old town centre, the Royal Complex and its Gardens has been consistently the result of an unified vision. The virtual pass into the history of that site since seventeenth century to the present has been realized with careful virtual camera flight through 3D reconstructions. The main purpose for the final video was to highlight the most significant elements that mark urban and architectural evolutions.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Tang ◽  
Jacopo Niccolo Cerasoni ◽  
Emily Yuko Hallett

Photogrammetry is a method of calculating the three-dimensional shape of an object from a set of images. The advantages of Photogrammetry include the ability to record the shape of an object in a short time and with high accuracy without contact. In addition, the generated model can be displayed without textures. Here, the High Resolution Photogrammetry method is presented, which describes the use of photogrammetric techniques to take pictures and generate models. This method aims to give a comprehensive and extensive description for the development of high resolution 3D models, merging the well known techniques used in academic and computer graphic fields, allowing anyone to independently produce high resolution and quantifiable models for any need.


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