Gastrointestinal transit time: An in vitro study of parameters controlling the mean relative residence times of particles in a laminar fluid flowin

1988 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. B39-B46 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Najib ◽  
A.R. Mansour ◽  
G.L. Amidon
Keyword(s):  
Transit Time ◽  
Gastrointestinal Transit ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Residence Times ◽  
Gastrointestinal Transit Time ◽  
The Mean

Population In Vitro-In Vivo Correlation Model Linking Gastrointestinal Transit Time, pH, and Pharmacokinetics: Itraconazole as a Model Drug

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 1782-1794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Y. Abuhelwa ◽  
Stuart Mudge ◽  
David Hayes ◽  
Richard N. Upton ◽  
David J. R. Foster
Keyword(s):  
Transit Time ◽  
Gastrointestinal Transit ◽  
Correlation Model ◽  
Gastrointestinal Transit Time ◽  
Model Drug

scholarly journals The Effect of Glaze Coating on Wear Resistance of Some Acrylic Denture Teeth: An In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Samaneh Abbasi ◽  
Soodabe Ebrahimi ◽  
Arash Shisheian ◽  
Maryam Farhadian
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Denture Teeth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Post Hoc

Background: Acrylic resin teeth wear resistance has an important role in the denture longevity. This study aimed to clarify the effect of glaze coating on wear resistance of three types of artificial acrylic teeth. Methods: In this in vitro study, the wear resistance rate of three of acrylic denture teeth (GENIUS, STON and CLASSIC) was compared with Ivoclar teeth (n=25/group). The wear resistance was measured by estimating the weight loss in pre and post removing glaze coating, following 5000 cycles in the chewing simulator device. Data analysis was made using paired t test, one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: ANOVA test showed that there was no significant difference between the mean amount of wear of GENIUS, CLASSIC, STON and IVOCLAR teeth in the first stage (P <0.061), but this difference was significant (P <0.001) in the second stage. The result of Tukey post hoc test showed that wear rates of GENIUS were significantly lower than other groups (P<0.001). Comparison between the mean wear rates of each dental group at the first and second stages showed a significant difference between average teeth wear resistance of CLASSIC, STON and IVOCLAR in the first and second stages (P <0.001). Conclusions: In conclusion, the teeth wear resistance of STON and CLASSIC were similar to IVOCLAR. Also, after removing the glaze coating, the teeth wear resistance decreased in all groups but was not statistically significant for group GENIUS.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Using a Prosthetic-Based Impression Template to Improve the Trueness and Precision of a Complete Arch Digital Impression on Four and Six Implants: An In Vitro Study

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3543
Author(s):  
Marco Tallarico ◽  
Aurea Lumbau ◽  
Roberto Scrascia ◽  
Gianluca Demelas ◽  
Franco Sanseverino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Group ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Original Model ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Digital Impression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Angle Deviation ◽  
Edentulous Mandible ◽  
The Mean

Background: Intraoral scanners (IOSs) in implantology represent a viable approach for single teeth or partial arches. However, when used for complete edentulous arches or long-span edentulous areas, it has been demonstrated that there is a need for improvement of IOS-related techniques. Therefore, the aim of this in vitro study was to assess the trueness and precision of a complete arch digital impression on four and six implants taken with or without a customized, prosthetic-based impression template. Materials and Methods: Two experimental models were prepared, representative of a complete edentulous mandible restored with four and six implants with built-in scan abutments. Models were scanned with (test group, TG) or without (control group, CG) the prosthetic-based impression template. Eight scans were taken for each model. The time needed to take impressions, error, trueness, and precision were evaluated. A statistical analysis was performed. Results: In the case of four implants, the time needed for the impression was 128.7 ± 55.3 s in the TG and 81.0 ± 23.5 s in the CG (p = 0.0416). With six scan abutments, the time was 197.5 ± 26.8 and 110.6 ± 25.2 s in the TG and CG, respectively (p = 0.0000). In the TG, no errors were experienced, while in the CG, 13 impressions were retaken due to incorrect stitching processes. In the four-implant impression, the mean angle deviation was 0.252 ± 0.068° (95% CI 0.021–0.115°) in the CG and 0.134 ± 0.053° (95% CI 0.016–0.090°) in the TG. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.002). In the six-implant impression, the mean angle deviation was 0.373 ± 0.117° (95% CI 0.036–0.198°) in the CG and 0.100 ± 0.029° (95% CI 0.009–0.049°) in the TG (p = 0.000). In the TG, there were no statistically significant differences in the mean angle deviation within the group (p > 0.05), but there were in the CG. A colorimetric analysis showed higher deviations from the original model for the six-implant impression without a prosthetic template. Conclusions: Although all of the impressions exhibited deviation from the original model in the range of clinical acceptability, the prosthetic-based impression template significantly improved the trueness and precision of complete edentulous arches rehabilitated with four or six implants, making the complete arch digital impression more predictable.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Microshear Bond Strength of Self-Adhesive Versus Conventional Flowable Resin Composite to Sound and Affected Dentin: An In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-312
Author(s):  
Dalia M. Abouelmagd ◽  
Hanan K. Abouelseoud
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Flowable Composite ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Microshear Bond Strength ◽  
Vertise Flow

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the microshear bond strength (µSBS) of self-adhesive flowable composite and conventional bonded flowable composite to sound and caries affected dentin. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, a total of freshly extracted 40 human molar teeth were used. The occlusal surface was sectioned to expose dentin for µSBS test. The teeth were randomly divided into 2 groups according to the type of flowable composite used into two groups (n=20): group A: self- adhesive flowable composite (Vertise flow), group B: Filtek Z350-XT flowable composite and one-step self-etch adhesive Adper Easy One. A plastic cylindrical mold was used to construct resin composite cylinders (0.8mm diameter x 1mm length) on the sound and caries affected exposed dentin and filled with flowable composite restorative materials according to manufacturer’s instructions. The samples were then immersed in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours, and underwent µSBS test at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed using Student's t-test to compare between the two materials as well as to compare between sound and caries affected dentin. Results: The mean values of µSBS of Filtek Z-350XT to sound and caries affected were 26.6 and 26.7 MPa respectively. The mean µSBS of Vertise Flow to sound and affected were 13.2 and 17.9 MPa respectively. With sound dentin FiltekZ-350XT showed statistically significant higher µSBS than Vertise flow. With caries affected dentin, there was no statistically significant difference between the two materials. There was no statistically significant difference between µSBS of sound and caries affected dentin within each material. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, the conventional flowable composite yielded the highest µSBS to sound dentin. There was no statistical significant difference in µSBS of self-adhesive and conventional flowable to caries affected dentin. Key words: Composite Resins; Dentin; microshear.

scholarly journals Comparison of Dimensional Accuracy of Cast Obtained from Polyvinyl Siloxane Impression with Different Putty-Wash Techniques and Spacer Thickness - In Vitro Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Anisha Pandey ◽  
S.R.B. Mathema ◽  
S.K. Maharjan
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Impression Technique ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spacer Thickness

Introduction: Dimensional accuracy of cast obtained after making impressions is crucial factor for the quality of fixed prosthodontic treatment. The impression technique with different thickness of putty wash material is critical factor affecting this accuracy. There is much discussion in the dental literature concerning the effect of this impression technique on the accuracy of cast restorations. Materials and methods: This in-vitro study was carried out in 60 impression made from master model with Polyvinyl siloxane impressions material using single step putty- wash technique and two step putty-wash technique with varying spacer thickness (0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5 mm). It was further divided into four groups. Group I: Single step putty-wash impression technique, Group II: Two step putty-wash impression technique with 0.5mm spacer, Group III: Two step putty-wash impression technique with 1mm spacer, Group IV: Two step putty-wash impression technique with 1.5mm spacer. Each group consists of 15 impressions. Casts were poured using type IV dental stone after 1 hour. After 24 hour the die of each cast was scanned using CAD/CAM digital scanner and measured mesiodistally, facio-lingually, height (cervico-occlusally), interabutment or interdie distances. The data were recorded and statically analyzed. Results: The highest mean values of mesio-distal, bucco-lingual, cervico-occlusal distances were shown by Group I, whereas the inter-die distance showed equal mean value in Group I, II and III. With the increase in the spacer thickness, the mean value also increases in mesio-distal distance. The mean measurement of bucco-lingual dimension was highest when spacer thickness was 0.5mm and it declined with the increase in spacer thickness. The spacer thickness had no effect on cervico-occlusal and inter-die dimensions. Conclusions: Within the limitations of the study, accuracy of cast obtained from single step putty-wash technique was more accurate than two step putty-wash technique. In two step putty-wash technique, 1.5 mm thickness of spacer showed more accurate cast in comparison to 0.5mm and 1mm.

Effect of gastrointestinal transit on micro-environmental pH inside HPMC matrix tablets – in vitro study

2021 ◽  
pp. 120718
Author(s):  
Helena Vrbanac ◽  
Jurij Trontelj ◽  
Ajda Osojnik ◽  
Katja Berginc ◽  
Biljana Janković
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Transit ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Matrix Tablets ◽  
Vitro Study

scholarly journals Comparison of Antimicrobial Activity of Fluoride Varnishes Against Streptococcusmutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus: An In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Banafsheh Soleimani ◽  
Hamidreza Goli ◽  
Mahsa Naranjian ◽  
Seyed Jaber Mousavi ◽  
Azam Nahvi
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
P Value ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
The Mean

Background: Topical fluoride products such as varnishes prevent dental caries by limiting demineralization and antibacterial properties. The structural and metabolic characteristics of cariogenic microorganisms are different from each other. Also, the formulation properties, concentration, and release behavior of fluoride vary in different varnishes. Objectives: In this study, we investigated the antibacterial effects of three types of common fluoride varnishes against two cariogenic bacteria of Streptococcus mutans (S.M.) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (L.A.). Methods: In this in vitro study, antibacterial effects of MI varnish [containing calcium phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP)], Polimo (containing xylitol), and FluoroDose varnishes were evaluated using disc diffusion method via measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone. The antibiotics of erythromycin and ampicillin were used as the positive control of the test. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc tests were applied to compare the mean of non-growth zone diameter in the studied groups. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16. The statistical significance level was determined as P-value < 0.05. Results: The antibacterial effect of each varnish was optimal against both bacteria. In comparison, the mean diameter of the inhibition zone in MI varnish was significantly (P-value=0.019) higher than Polimo and FluoroDose brands on S.M.; however, this difference was not statistically significant for L.A. Furthermore, Polimo and FluoroDose varnishes showed similar antimicrobial effects against these bacteria. Conclusions: The use of these varnishes seems to be suitable for preventing tooth decay. MI varnish is preferable because of its higher antibacterial properties.

scholarly journals Evaluation and Comparison of Effect of Delmopinol Application on Adherence of Candida albicans on Denture Fitting Surface on Three Types of Acrylic Resin: An in vitro Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabha Shakya ◽  
Deshraj Jain ◽  
Tripty Rahangdale
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Degree Of Contamination ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Significance

ABSTRACT Purpose Denture-related stomatitis is probably the most common form of oral candidiasis and its reported prevalence varies widely ranging up to 65%. In this in vitro study, we evaluate the effect of delmopinol application on Candida albicans adherence on heat-cured acrylic resin, cold-cured acrylic resin and microwave-cured acrylic resin. Materials and methods A total of 40 specimens of each type of acrylic resin were made; 20 specimens of each type were contaminated before delmopinol treatment and 20 specimens were contaminated after delmopinol treatment. The each specimen in each tube was individually transferred to a spectrophotometer at 530 nm wavelength in order to measure the turbidity degree, through the transmittance. Aliquots of 10 μl of each tube was then collected and inoculated into agar Sabouraud plates containing 500 mmol/l of sucrose, which was incubated for 24 hours at 37oC, in order to check microbial growth. Two-way ANOVA analysis of variance test and posthoc Turkey's test were carried out to ascertain the level of significance (p < 0.001) of various observations. Results Mean of the turbidity degree of contamination after delmopinol application for heat-cured acrylic resin specimens (A1) 1440.80, colony forming units (CFU) (⨯106/ml), cold-cured acrylic resin specimens (B1) 833.30 CFU (⨯106/ml) and microwave-cured acrylic resin specimens (C1) 944.70 CFU (⨯106/ml) was significantly higher than the mean of the turbidity degree of contamination before delmopinol application for heatcured acrylic resin specimens (A2) 550.85 CFU (⨯106/ml), coldcured acrylic resin specimens (B2) 341.45 CFU (⨯106/ml) and microwave-cured acrylic resin specimens (C2) 451.50 CFU (⨯106/ml). Conclusion In case of contamination after delmopinol application, heat-cured acrylic resin showed maximum reduction in adherence of C. albicans in the study. How to cite this article Shakya P, Jain D, Rahangdale T. Evaluation and Comparison of Effect of Delmopinol Application on Adherence of Candida albicans on Denture Fitting Surface on Three Types of Acrylic Resin: An in vitro Study. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2012;2(4):129-135.

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