scholarly journals Feasibility of Using a Prosthetic-Based Impression Template to Improve the Trueness and Precision of a Complete Arch Digital Impression on Four and Six Implants: An In Vitro Study

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3543
Author(s):  
Marco Tallarico ◽  
Aurea Lumbau ◽  
Roberto Scrascia ◽  
Gianluca Demelas ◽  
Franco Sanseverino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Group ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Original Model ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Digital Impression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Angle Deviation ◽  
Edentulous Mandible ◽  
The Mean

Background: Intraoral scanners (IOSs) in implantology represent a viable approach for single teeth or partial arches. However, when used for complete edentulous arches or long-span edentulous areas, it has been demonstrated that there is a need for improvement of IOS-related techniques. Therefore, the aim of this in vitro study was to assess the trueness and precision of a complete arch digital impression on four and six implants taken with or without a customized, prosthetic-based impression template. Materials and Methods: Two experimental models were prepared, representative of a complete edentulous mandible restored with four and six implants with built-in scan abutments. Models were scanned with (test group, TG) or without (control group, CG) the prosthetic-based impression template. Eight scans were taken for each model. The time needed to take impressions, error, trueness, and precision were evaluated. A statistical analysis was performed. Results: In the case of four implants, the time needed for the impression was 128.7 ± 55.3 s in the TG and 81.0 ± 23.5 s in the CG (p = 0.0416). With six scan abutments, the time was 197.5 ± 26.8 and 110.6 ± 25.2 s in the TG and CG, respectively (p = 0.0000). In the TG, no errors were experienced, while in the CG, 13 impressions were retaken due to incorrect stitching processes. In the four-implant impression, the mean angle deviation was 0.252 ± 0.068° (95% CI 0.021–0.115°) in the CG and 0.134 ± 0.053° (95% CI 0.016–0.090°) in the TG. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.002). In the six-implant impression, the mean angle deviation was 0.373 ± 0.117° (95% CI 0.036–0.198°) in the CG and 0.100 ± 0.029° (95% CI 0.009–0.049°) in the TG (p = 0.000). In the TG, there were no statistically significant differences in the mean angle deviation within the group (p > 0.05), but there were in the CG. A colorimetric analysis showed higher deviations from the original model for the six-implant impression without a prosthetic template. Conclusions: Although all of the impressions exhibited deviation from the original model in the range of clinical acceptability, the prosthetic-based impression template significantly improved the trueness and precision of complete edentulous arches rehabilitated with four or six implants, making the complete arch digital impression more predictable.

scholarly journals Milled versus moulded mock-ups based on the superimposition of 3D meshes from digital oral impressions: a comparative in vitro study in the aesthetic area

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Cattoni ◽  
Giulia Teté ◽  
Alessandro Mauro Calloni ◽  
Fabio Manazza ◽  
Giorgio Gastaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Test Group ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Digital Impression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Minimal Invasiveness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Aesthetic

Abstract Background Aesthetic porcelain veneers proved to be a long-term reliable prosthetic solution, ensuring minimal invasiveness. The use of veneers requires an adhesive cementation technique, so maintaining as much enamel as possible is to ensure lasting success. A diagnostic mock-up is a key tool that allows a preview of the outcome of the aesthetic restoration: it is obtainable both in an analog and digital way. With the recent developments in impression technology and the ever so fast growing use of CAD-CAM technologies it is useful to understand the pros and cons of either one of these techniques (analog and digital) in order to identify the easier and more convenient workflow in aesthetic dentistry. Methods After taking pictures and impressions of the dental arcs of a patient in need of aesthetic rehabilitation, 52 resin models were produced and a digital drawing of the smile was outlined. Both an analog and a digital wax-up were obtained from two of the 52 models: the latter was obtained using digital impressions and a dedicated software. The analog wax-up was then used to produce 25 matrices that have later been used to mould 25 resin mock-ups using a traditional moulding protocol (Control Group - CG). The digital wax-up was used to mill 25 PMMA mock-ups. Each mock-up, both milled and moulded (total 50), was then laid on the other 50 resin models as a digital impression of it was taken. The STL. files of the milled mock-ups were compared with the 3D CAD wax-up made using a specific software. The STL. files of the analog printed mock-ups were compared with the traditional wax-up design. A statistical analysis was carried out to evaluate the difference between the groups. Results The statistical analysis showed a significant difference (P > 0.01) between the mean value of the distance between the points of the overlapping STL. meshes in GC (0.0468 mm) and in TG (Test Group - TG) (0,0109 mm). Conclusions The study showed a difference in accuracy between traditional moulded and milled mock-ups compared to their original wax-up. The data analysis reports that the digital method allows for greater accuracy. Within the limitations of this study, a fully digital workflow is to considered more reliable when it come to creating an esthetic mockup: the digital procedure has been shown to be more accurate than the one made manually which is much more operator dependent and it brings an increase to the chance of error, and that could ultimately affect the final result.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the apical microleakage of MTA Fillapex, AH26, and Endofill sealers

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeedeh Galledar ◽  
Robab Farhang ◽  
Malek Abazari ◽  
Parisa Negahdar
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Test Group ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dye Penetration ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: Proper apical seal plays an important role in the success of root canal treatment. The most common cause of failure of root canal therapy is known as the lack of adequate apical seal. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the apical microleakage of MTA Fillapex, , and Endofill sealers using dye penetration method. Material and Methods: In this in vitro study, 72 single-rooted extracted human teeth were selected. The teeth were randomly divided into three experimental groups of 20 and two positive and negative control groups of 6. The canals were prepared by step-back technique and then filled with gutta-percha and one of the sealers mentioned. In the positive control group, the canals were filled with gutta-percha without sealer, and in the negative control group, the canals were prepared but not filled. The teeth were immersed in 2% methylene blue dye for 72 hours. The teeth were then cut longitudinally and the level of dye penetration was measured under a stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed by SPSS ver. 19 software, ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests. Results: The mean level of dye penetration in the Endofill test group was significantly higher than that in the  and MTA Fillapex test groups. While, the observed difference between  and MTA Fillapex groups was not statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that  and MTA Fillapex sealers did not show any significant difference in apical seal properties. However, their sealing strength was significantly greater than Endofill sealer.KeywordsAH26 sealer; Endofill; MTA Fillapex; Microleakag

scholarly journals Accuracy of Impression Material During COVID-19 after Sterilization- In vitro Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 241-246
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman Jafar Alhaddad
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Impression Material ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Impression Materials ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Cross

Aims: The goal of this research is to assess the effect of steam autoclave sterilization due to the impact of Covid-19 on the accuracy of the elastomer impression materials. Study Design: In vitro study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah; Saudi Arabia, between June 2021 and November 2021. Methodology: The following materials were used in this study: fully dentate master cast, metal trays, elastomer impression material (addition silicon), type IV stone. Forte impressions made using the metal tray and elastomer impression materials. The impressions were separated equally into two groups: Control group (C.G), untreated impressions. Sterilized group (S.G): Impressions were sterilized by using the steam autoclave. To make stone castings for each group, they were poured with type IV stone. The traveling microscope was used to evaluate the impression material's dimensional accuracy and detail reproduction with and without autoclave sterilization. Results: The cross-arch distance (X) of the master model was measured (41.29 mm), While the cross arch distance (X) in the control group (C.G) of the untreated impressions  had a mean and standard deviation  of 41.492 ± 0.150 mm. In the tested group  (S.G) : the sterilized impression, we found the cross-arch distance (X) had a mean and standard deviation of 41.628 ± 0.223 mm. The master model's Anteroposterior distance (A-P) was measured (21.12 mm). For the control group  (C.G) : we found the mean and standard deviation value reading of the A-P distance were 20.899 ± 0.79 mm. For (S.G) group: we found the mean and standard deviation reading of the A-P distance were 19.992± 0.482 mm. Conclusion: Steam autoclave sterilization of the elastomer impression material should be considered carefully, especially when fabricating fixed partial dentures. If the impression material is to be used in making diagnostic castings, conventional steam autoclave sterilization of the elastomers impression material may be sufficient for patients.

scholarly journals Effect of topical fluoride on microshear bond strength of primary enamel to composite, microhardness of enamel and its surface morphology: An in vitro study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-310
Author(s):  
Mina Biria ◽  
Sajedeh Namaei Ghasemi ◽  
Seyedeh Mahsa Sheikh-Al-Eslamian ◽  
Narges Panahandeh
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Modes Of Failure ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Microshear Bond Strength

Background. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the microshear bond strength (μSBS), microhardness and morphological characteristics of primary enamel after treating with sodium fluoride (NaF) and acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF). Methods. Forty-eight primary canines were cut into mesial and distal sections and assigned to five groups randomly: group 1 (immersed in saliva as a control), group 2 (treated with NAF and immersed in saliva for 30 minutes), group 3 (treated with APF and immersed in saliva for 30 minutes), group 4 (treated with NAF and immersed in saliva for 10 days), and group 5 (treated with APF and immersed in saliva for 10 days). Composite resin (Filtek Z250) was bonded on the specimens (n=15) for measuring the μSBS. After storage in 37°C artificial saliva for 24 hours, µSBS and Vickers hardness tests (10 readings) were performed. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Levene’s and Tukey HSD tests (P<0.05). Morphological analysis of enamel and modes of failure were carried out under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) on two remaining specimens. Results. Significant differences in μSBS were only noted between groups 2 and 4 (P=0.024). Group 3 showed a significant decrease in hardness after storage in artificial saliva (P<0.001), with a significantly lower hardness than the other groups (P<0.001). The SEM observations showed irregular particles in groups 3 and 5; uniform, smooth and thin coats were seen in groups 2 and 4. Conclusion. Fluoride therapy with NaF and APF gels prior to restorative treatments had no adverse effects on the microshear bond strength.

scholarly journals Effects of CO2laser irradiation on matrix-rich biofilm development formation–an in vitro study

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Raquel Zancopé ◽  
Vanessa B. Dainezi ◽  
Marinês Nobre-dos-Santos ◽  
Sillas Duarte ◽  
Vanessa Pardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Biofilm Development

BackgroundA carbon dioxide (CO2) laser has been used to morphologically and chemically modify the dental enamel surface as well as to make it more resistant to demineralization. Despite a variety of experiments demonstrating the inhibitory effect of a CO2laser in reduce enamel demineralization, little is known about the effect of surface irradiated on bacterial growth. Thus, this in vitro study was preformed to evaluate the biofilm formation on enamel previously irradiated with a CO2laser (λ = 10.6 µM).MethodsFor this in vitro study, 96 specimens of bovine enamel were employed, which were divided into two groups (n = 48): 1) Control-non-irradiated surface and 2) Irradiated enamel surface. Biofilms were grown on the enamel specimens by one, three and five days under intermittent cariogenic condition in the irradiated and non-irradiated surface. In each assessment time, the biofilm were evaluated by dry weigh, counting the number of viable colonies and, in fifth day, were evaluated by polysaccharides analysis, quantitative real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) as well as by contact angle. In addition, the morphology of biofilms was characterized by fluorescence microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Initially, the assumptions of equal variances and normal distribution of errors were conferred and the results are analyzed statistically by t-test and Mann Whitney test.ResultsThe mean of log CFU/mL obtained for the one-day biofilm evaluation showed that there is statistical difference between the experimental groups. When biofilms were exposed to the CO2laser, CFU/mL and CFU/dry weight in three day was reduced significantly compared with control group. The difference in the genes expression (Glucosyltransferases (gtfB) and Glucan-binding protein (gbpB)) and polysaccharides was not statically significant. Contact angle was increased relative to control when the surface was irradiated with the CO2laser. Similar morphology was also visible with both treatments; however, the irradiated group revealed evidence of melting and fusion in the specimens.ConclusionIn conclusion, CO2laser irradiation modifies the energy surface and disrupts the initial biofilm formation.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of force decay pattern in orthodontic active tiebacks exposed to five different mouth rinses: An in vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-249
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Mirhashemi ◽  
Atefe Saffar Shahroudi ◽  
Keyvan Shahpoorzadeh ◽  
Niloofar Habibi Khameneh
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mouth Rinses ◽  
Force Decay ◽  
Force Relaxation ◽  
Decay Pattern ◽  
Initial Force ◽  
And Control

Background. This study compared the force decay pattern of two different orthodontic active tiebacks (ATBs) exposed to five different commercially available mouth rinses. Methods. In this in vitro study, 90 transparent ATBs and 90 gray ATBs were divided into six groups; one was the control group, and the others were exposed to one of these mouth rinses twice a day for 60 seconds: Listerine, chlorhexidine, Orthokin, Persica, and fluoride. The initial force of each ATB was 250 g at a 24-mm extension. The force of ATBs was measured on days 1, 7, 14, and 28 using a digital gauge. Results. The highest percentage of force loss was observed between days 14 and 28 (P<0.05). At the end of the study, the Persica group exhibited the highest force degradation in both ATB types. In the transparent ATBs, it was followed by Orthokin, Listerine, fluoride, chlorhexidine, and control groups, respectively. In the gray ATBs, Orthokin, chlorhexidine, control, Listerine, and fluoride groups exhibited the highest force decay in descending order. In some groups, the differences between transparent and gray ATBs were significant. In the control group, the force of transparent ATB was significantly higher than gray ones on days 7 and 14 but not significantly after four weeks. Conclusion. ATBs’ force degradation could be exacerbated by the use of some mouth rinses. There were some differences between force relaxation patterns of transparent and gray ATBs. The data could be beneficial in choosing appropriate O-rings for making ATBs.

scholarly journals The Effect of Glaze Coating on Wear Resistance of Some Acrylic Denture Teeth: An In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Samaneh Abbasi ◽  
Soodabe Ebrahimi ◽  
Arash Shisheian ◽  
Maryam Farhadian
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Denture Teeth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Post Hoc

Background: Acrylic resin teeth wear resistance has an important role in the denture longevity. This study aimed to clarify the effect of glaze coating on wear resistance of three types of artificial acrylic teeth. Methods: In this in vitro study, the wear resistance rate of three of acrylic denture teeth (GENIUS, STON and CLASSIC) was compared with Ivoclar teeth (n=25/group). The wear resistance was measured by estimating the weight loss in pre and post removing glaze coating, following 5000 cycles in the chewing simulator device. Data analysis was made using paired t test, one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: ANOVA test showed that there was no significant difference between the mean amount of wear of GENIUS, CLASSIC, STON and IVOCLAR teeth in the first stage (P <0.061), but this difference was significant (P <0.001) in the second stage. The result of Tukey post hoc test showed that wear rates of GENIUS were significantly lower than other groups (P<0.001). Comparison between the mean wear rates of each dental group at the first and second stages showed a significant difference between average teeth wear resistance of CLASSIC, STON and IVOCLAR in the first and second stages (P <0.001). Conclusions: In conclusion, the teeth wear resistance of STON and CLASSIC were similar to IVOCLAR. Also, after removing the glaze coating, the teeth wear resistance decreased in all groups but was not statistically significant for group GENIUS.

scholarly journals Comparison of force decay pattern in orthodontic elastomeric chains and NiTi closed coil springs, affected by five different mouthwashes: An in vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Mirhashemi ◽  
Niloofar Habibi Khameneh ◽  
Keyvan Shahpoorzadeh ◽  
Atefe Saffar Shahroudi
Keyword(s):  
Reduction Rate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Force Decay ◽  
Decay Pattern ◽  
Force Reduction ◽  
Initial Force ◽  
Elastomeric Chains

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the force decay pattern of elastomeric chains and NiTi coil springs which were exposed to five different commercially available mouthwashes.Methods: In this in vitro study, 60 pieces of elastomeric chain (EC) and 60 NiTi closed coil springs (CS) were divided into 6 groups. The specimens were exposed to one of these mouthwashes twice a day for 60 seconds:  Listerine, chlorhexidine, Orthokin, Persica, fluoride and artificial saliva as the control group. The elastomeric chains and NiTi springs were stretched so that they exert the initial force of 250 gr. Their force was measured on the 1, 7, 14 and 28 following days by means of a digital gauge.Results: Elastomeric chains and coil springs had force decrease over time, but EC' force reduction was greater with the highest reduction rate in the first week. However, in the CS group, the force decrease wasn't statistically significant in the first two weeks.  After 28 days in the control groups, 49.8% of the initial force was remained in ECs while the value was 93.3% for CSs. In comparison between mouthwashes, in EC groups, in all mouthwashes except Persica, the remained force was statistically less than control group.Conclusion: Force degradation of elastomeric chains could be exacerbated by use of mouthwashes. About coil springs, force decay was also observed. However, it was not statistically significant. Force reduction was detectable after four weeks of coil springs usage, but in EC groups, the greatest reduction was after the first week.  

scholarly journals Effects of a newly designed apparatus on orthodontic skeletal anchorage

2013 ◽  
Vol 07 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S083-S088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Tozlu ◽  
Didem Nalbantgil ◽  
Fulya Ozdemir
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Tangential Force ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Insertion Torque

ABSTRACT Objective: An appliance was designed to increase the cortical bone surface contact area of miniscrew implants (MSIs). The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of this appliance on the anchorage force resistance and the stability of orthodontic MSIs. Materials and Methods: A total of 48 MSIs were placed into bone specimens prepared from the ilium of bovines. Half were placed with the newly designed apparatus and half were placed conventionally. All the specimens were subjected to tangential force loading perpendicular to the MSI with lateral displacement of 0.6 mm, using an Instron Universal Testing machine. The maximum removal torque of each tested specimen was also recorded. Both study and control groups were divided into two subgroups based on whether they had thin and thick cortical bone. Results: The test group had statistically higher force anchorage resistance and maximum insertion torque values than the control group (p < 0.001). The results were found to be more significant in cases in which the cortical bone was thin (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Within the limits of this in vitro study, the present findings suggest that the newly designed apparatus might have a favorable effect on MSI stability in patients presenting with thin cortical bone. Clinical studies are necessary to confirm the results that were observed in vitro.

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