Effects of exogenous hormones on the reproductive behaviour of adult male domestic ducks

1977 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Balthazart ◽  
P. Deviche ◽  
J. Hendrick
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Domestic Ducks ◽  
Exogenous Hormones

ADRENAL WEIGHT IN WILD MALLARD AND DOMESTIC DUCKS AND SEASONAL ADRENAL WEIGHT CHANGES IN THE MALLARD

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. O. Höhn ◽  
A. K. Sarkar ◽  
A. Dzubin
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Adrenal Weight ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Domestic Ducks ◽  
Testicular Weight ◽  
Wild Mallard

Mallards and domestic ducks are conspecific. Relative adrenal weight is similar in newly hatched mallards and domestic ducks. Immature mallards have higher relative adrenal weights than domestic ducks of similar age. Adult female mallards also have higher relative adrenal weights and a higher proportion of cortex in the adrenal than adult female domestic ducks, but adult males of the two strains fail to show these differences.Adrenal weight is related to testicular weight in mallards and domestic ducks, but no correlation is evident between adrenal weight and weight of the ovary and oviduct in mallards. Mallards show no adrenal weight sex differences at any of the three ages sampled. A seasonal adrenal weight cycle is apparent in both sexes of the mallard with a weight increase related to the breeding season and another increase during the autumn and winter.The higher relative adrenal weights of (immature and adult female) mallards compared to those of domestic ducks are attributed to the mallards' greater exposure to stress. It is suggested that this effect operates also in adult male mallards but is obscured in the comparison with adult male domestic ducks because in the latter, which have much higher testicular weights, another factor responsible for the correlation between adrenal and testicular weight as noted above makes for increased adrenal weights.

Temporal Relationships, Transitions and Structure of the Behavioural Repertoire in Male Apennine Chamois During the Rut

Behaviour ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 119 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 77-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lovari ◽  
M. Locati
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Alarm Call ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
The Body ◽  
Agonistic Interactions ◽  
Temporal Relationships ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Behavioural Repertoire ◽  
Older Males

AbstractThe reproductive behaviour of adult male Apennine chamois was studied during 4 rutting seasons in the Abruzzo National Park, Central Italy. The analysis of temporal relationships between behaviour patterns in male-male and male-female repertoires has allowed to group together the patterns functionally associated. Courtship activities were much more predictable and fixed than behaviours in male-male interactions. Qualitative and quantitative variations of the main behaviour patterns have been evaluated throughout the rut. November 8-12 marked the start of the intense phase of the rut. Two of the 3 species-specific courtship behaviours appeared in the peak of the rut (November 23-27). Older males grouped and successfully defended larger harems, containing a greater number of prime females. Males herded females mainly by the Head Down threat, in both the still and moving postures. The aggressive connotation of the Snort, an usually assumed "alarm" call, has been here discussed in the harem formation context. The courtship sequence has been described. The function of female reactive urination was evaluated in this context. A harem holder did not only have to prevent females from leaving, but he had also to deal with male competitors. Usually long agonistic interactions occurred before a Rush or a Chase ended up the contest between 2 males. The Neck Up has been presented here as an effective posture to display the "Attention Guiding Adaptations" present in the body morphology of adult male chamois. Direct correlations were found between the age (i.e. the dominance) of an intruder and the distance at which it was pursued away by the harem holder, as well as the Marking/Horning activity of the latter. The frequency of utterance of the Rut Call built up 60% of all behaviour patterns recorded (N = 8059). It was also used often (36.3 % ; N = 102) to initiate a contest as a vocal dominance display. Harem holders showed a positive correlation of call frequency to the harem females with the rut progression. The last 2 aspects suggest a strong similarity of function to what found for the red deer in assessing the contenders' ranks and in enhancing the oestrus of females. The comparison of male rutting behaviour in Apennine chamois with that reported for other Rupicapra taxa indicated a close affinity with the Pyrenees subspecies and detectable differences with the northeastern chamois.

An account of the eggs and developmental stages of Montagu's blenny, Coryphoblennius galerita (L.), with notes on the reproductive behaviour of the adults

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 749-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie M. Fives
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Rock Pools ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Gas Bladder ◽  
The One

Montagu's blenny, Coryphoblennius galerita was reared to late larval stage under laboratory conditions. The adult male guarded the eggs and aerated them with its tail during the incubation period. The larvae had a small amount of yolk on hatching and although they appeared to be feeding on the variety of food introduced, no food was observed in the gut. The gas bladder, observable above the gut in all larvae, was filled with gas only in the one specimen, killed at 45 mm T.l., which survived after the yolk was utilized, and in some 4 mm specimens taken from the plankton off Mweenish.Descriptions are given of the larval stages and of juveniles taken from rock pools.

Alteration of Mitochondria in Oxythiamine-Induced, Acute Thiamine Deficiency in the Mouse

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 284-285
Author(s):  
Itaru Watanabe ◽  
Dante G. Scarpelli
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Thiamine Deficiency ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fatty Change ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Subcutaneous Injections ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Ad Libitum

Acute thiamine deficiency was produced in mice by the administration of oxythiamine, a thiamine analogue, superimposed upon a thiamine deficient diet. Adult male Swiss mice (30 gm. B.W.) were fed with a thiamine deficient diet ad libitumand were injected with oxythiamine (170 mg/Kg B.W.) subcutaneously on days 4 and 10. On day 11, severe lassitude and anorexia developed, followed by death within 48 hours. The animals treated daily with subcutaneous injections of thiamine (300 μg/Kg B.W.) from day 11 through 15 were kept alive. Similarly, feeding with a diet containing thiamine (600 μg/Kg B.W./day) from day 9 through 17 reversed the condition. During this time period, no fatal illness occurred in the controls which were pair-fed with a thiamine deficient diet.The oxythiamine-treated mice showed a significant enlargement of the liver, which weighed approximately 1.5 times as much as that of the pair-fed controls. By light and electron microscopy, the hepatocytes were markedly swollen due to severe fatty change and swelling of the mitochondria.

Scanning electron microscopy of the integument of schistosoma rodhaini

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 132-133
Author(s):  
P. Evers ◽  
C. Schutte ◽  
C. D. Dettman
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Oral Sucker ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
Sensory Receptors ◽  
East African ◽  
Dorsal Midline ◽  
Scanning Electron

S.rodhaini (Brumpt 1931) is a parasite of East African rodents which may possibly hybridize with the human schistosome S. mansoni. The adult male at maturity measures approximately 3mm long and possesses both oral and ventral suckers and a marked gynaecophoric canal. The oral sucker is surrounded by a ring of sensory receptors with a large number of inwardly-pointing spines set into deep sockets occupying the bulk of the ventral surface of the sucker. Numbers of scattered sensory receptors are found on both dorsal and ventral surfaces of the head (Fig. 1) together with two conspicuous rows of receptors situated symmetrically on each side of the midline. One row extends along the dorsal surface of the head midway between the dorsal midline and the lateral margin.

An Ultrastructural Comparison of Hepatocytes from ADH+ and ADH−Peromyscus Maniculatus

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 30-31
Author(s):  
J. T. Ellzey ◽  
D. Borunda ◽  
B. P. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Model System ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Genetic Stock ◽  
Hepes Buffer ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Color Scanner

Genetically alcohol deficient deer mice (ADHN/ADHN) (obtained from the Peromyscus Genetic Stock Center, Univ. of South Carolina) lack hepatic cytosolic alcohol dehydrogenase. In order to determine if these deer mice would provide a model system for an ultrastructural study of the effects of ethanol on hepatocyte organelles, 75 micrographs of ADH+ adult male deer mice (n=5) were compared with 75 micrographs of ADH− adult male deer mice (n=5). A morphometric analysis of mitochondrial and peroxisomal parameters was undertaken.The livers were perfused with 0.1M HEPES buffer followed by 0.25% glutaraldehyde and 2% sucrose in 0.1M HEPES buffer (4C), removed, weighed and fixed by immersion in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M HEPES buffer, pH 7.4, followed by a 3,3’ diaminobenzidine (DAB) incubation, postfixation with 2% OsO4, en bloc staining with 1% uranyl acetate in 0.025M maleate-NaOH buffer, dehydrated, embedded in Poly/Bed 812-BDMA epon resin, sectioned and poststained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. Photographs were taken on a Zeiss EM-10 transmission electron microscope, scanned with a Howtek personal color scanner, analyzed with OPTIMAS 4.02 software on a Gateway2000 4DX2-66V personal computer and stored in Excel 4.0.

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