The effect of temperature and culture medium on the degradative activity of Phanerochaete chrysosporium evaluated using three qualitative screening methods

1993 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.T. Lonergan ◽  
C.L. Jones ◽  
D.E. Mainwaring
Keyword(s):  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Screening Methods

scholarly journals Production of Biosurfactants By Arthrobacter Sp . N3 , a Hydrocarbon Degrading Bacterium

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilma Čipinytė ◽  
Saulius Grigiškis ◽  
Dovilė Šapokaitė ◽  
Egidijus Baškys
Keyword(s):  
Culture Liquid ◽  
Batch Cultivation ◽  
Biosurfactant Production ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Emulsification Capacity ◽  
Crude Preparation ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Different screening methods, such as emulsification capacity and oil spreading assays, hydrocarbon overlay agar and modified drop collapse methods were used to detect biosurfactant production by hydrocarbon degrading Arthrobacter sp N3 strain. It was indicated that oil spreading assay was the most reliable method to detect biosurfactant production. To investigate biosurfactant production, batch cultivation of Arthrobacter sp N3 was carried out in a fermenter with complex nutrient medium supplemented by sunflower oil as a carbon source. The highest oil displacement activity was achieved when Arthrobacter sp N3 strain was cultivated in two stages (with aeration for cell production and without aeration for biosurfactant synthesis). Then, two forms of the biosurfactant (crude preparation and partially purified biosurfactant) were recovered from the culture liquid. Furthermore, the biosurfactant produced by Arthrobacter sp N3 strain was analyzed by thin layer chromatography and it was estimated that even a few compounds have surface activity. The effect of temperature and pH on biosurfactant activity was also studied. It was observed that no appreciable changes in biosurfactant activity occurred at temperature and pH values ranges of 4–125 ºC and 5–10, respectively.

scholarly journals Comparison of Visual Immunoassay and Chromogenic Culture Medium for the Presence of Listeria spp. in Foods

2002 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 1201-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Istafanos ◽  
Lawrence James
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Visual Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Agar Method ◽  
Excellent Tool

Abstract Two rapid screening methods [the TECRA™ Listeria Visual Immunoassay (LIS–VIS) kit, an AOAC-approved 48 h visual test, which detects Listeria through colorimetry, and BCM™ Listeria isolation and differentiation plating agar] were used to screen U.S. Food and Drug Administration-regulated commodities for the presence of Listeria spp. Seventy-four different food samples were screened for the presence of Listeria spp. by using both protocols. Test results for the TECRA LIS–VIA showed 66 negative samples and 1 false positive, with 4 confirmed as L. monocytogenes and 3 as L. innocua. With the BCM agar, 67 samples were negative, 4 were confirmed as L. monocytogenes, and 3 were confirmed as L. innocua. Both methods showed similar results and were effective screening tools for Listeria spp. in foods. The BCM agar method proved to be a rapid, sensitive, and excellent tool for early screening and differentiation of Listeria spp. present in foods.

Effect of temperature on growth of guanidine-resistant mutants of poliovirus

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 1166-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Tershak
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Virus Protein ◽  
Resistant Mutants ◽  
Peptide Maps

Guanidine-resistant (gr) mutants of poliovirus were previously categorized into four groups by electrophoretic properties and peptide maps of nonstructural virus protein 2C. Growth of mutants in the presence of guanidine depends upon temperature of incubation. The four groups of gr variants respond differently to temperature when guanidine is included in the culture medium. The data suggest clustering of gr mutations at several sites in the guanidine locus.

scholarly journals Use of Quorum Sensing Inhibition Strategies to Control Microfouling

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Andrea Muras ◽  
Ana Parga ◽  
Celia Mayer ◽  
Ana Otero
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Homoserine Lactone ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Quorum Sensing Inhibition

Interfering with the quorum sensing bacterial communication systems has been proposed as a promising strategy to control bacterial biofilm formation, a key process in biofouling development. Appropriate in vitro biofilm-forming bacteria models are needed to establish screening methods for innovative anti-biofilm and anti-microfouling compounds. Four marine strains, two Pseudoalteromonas spp. and two Vibrio spp., were selected and studied with regard to their biofilm-forming capacity and sensitivity to quorum sensing (QS) inhibitors. Biofilm experiments were performed using two biofilm cultivation and quantification methods: the xCELLigence® system, which allows online monitoring of biofilm formation, and the active attachment model, which allows refreshment of the culture medium to obtain a strong biofilm that can be quantified with standard staining methods. Although all selected strains produced acyl-homoserine-lactone (AHL) QS signals, only the P. flavipulchra biofilm, measured with both quantification systems, was significantly reduced with the addition of the AHL-lactonase Aii20J without a significant effect on planktonic growth. Two-species biofilms containing P. flavipulchra were also affected by the addition of Aii20J, indicating an influence on the target bacterial strain as well as an indirect effect on the co-cultured bacterium. The use of xCELLigence® is proposed as a time-saving method to quantify biofilm formation and search for eco-friendly anti-microfouling compounds based on quorum sensing inhibition (QSI) strategies. The results obtained from these two in vitro biofilm formation methods revealed important differences in the response of biosensor bacteria to culture medium and conditions, indicating that several strains should be used simultaneously for screening purposes and the cultivation conditions should be carefully optimized for each specific purpose.

Analyzed the Toxicity of Ganaxolide on Phanerochaete chrysosporium by AFLP

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 266-270
Author(s):  
Wei Huang ◽  
Chang Bing Liu ◽  
Yu Lin ◽  
Hong Xia Xiong ◽  
Jian Bo Hu
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Arithmetic Means ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
Limited Culture

Galaxolide (1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-cyclopenta-γ-2- benzopyran, HHCB) is recognized as a novel contaminant in water and has potential adverse impacts on aquatic organisms. The toxic effect of HHCB on Phanerochaete chrysosporium was investigated by exposure of the fungus in nitrogen-limited culture medium to various concentrations of HHCB. DNA damage of P. chrysosporium by HHCB was detected. Comparing with that in the control, the percent polymorphism under different concentrations of HHCB increased, from 21.4% to 42.9%. In addition, the result of UPGMA (un-weighted pair group method of arithmetic means) dendrogram showed that the Simple Matching Coefficient (SM) was decreased with an increase in the concentrations of HHCB. Thus, as an environmental pollutant, HHCB has the toxic effect on P. chrysosporium at molecular level.

scholarly journals Biodegradation of 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid by Phanerochaete chrysosporium

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 14-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafał Madaj ◽  
Halina Kalinowska ◽  
Witold Sroczyński ◽  
Jakub Szeląg ◽  
Elżbieta Sobiecka
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Nitroaromatic Compounds ◽  
Environment Pollution ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Basidiomycetous Fungus ◽  
Stationary Conditions ◽  
Reductive Pathway

Despite intensive efforts put on prevention of environment pollution by nitroaromatic compounds, these xenobiotics have not been eliminated from the biosphere. The physicochemical properties make nitroaromatics extremely recalcitrant to biodegradation. Therefore, microbial degraders of these pollutants are sought after. This paper reports preliminary results of the study on degradation of 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) by a basidiomycetous fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium under stationary conditions in a culture medium containing 0.05–0.5% v/v of DNS. The results obtained suggest that the fungus degrades DNS through the reductive pathway.

scholarly journals Receptiveness of the stigma and in vitro germination of orange pollen, submitted to different temperatures

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1087-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Aparecida Salles Pio ◽  
José Darlan Ramos ◽  
Moacir Pasqual ◽  
Flavia Carvalho Santos ◽  
Keize Pereira Junqueira
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Stigma Receptivity ◽  
Open Flower ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
The Ideal

The study was carried out in order to evaluate the effect of temperature and in vitor stigma receptivity on regeneration of orange cultivar (Valência, Pêra and Natal) pollen. Two experiments were carried out, in the first the ideal temperature of germination was assessed. Pollen was obtained from flowers at the balloon stage and inoculated in culture medium with 10 g L-1 agar, 200 mg L-1 boric acid, 100 g L-1 sucrose, 800 mg L-1 calcium nitrate, pH adjusted to 6,5 and incubated in a BOD chamber at temperatures of 23, 24, 25, 26 and 27ºC during a 24-hour photoperiod. After 12 hours of incubation, the best temperature for pollen grain germination was 25ºC for all varieties. In a second experiment, in order to test the receptivity of the stigma, flowers were collected at different flowering stages: small bud, balloon and open flower. The stigmas were by immersion exposed to hydrogen peroxide (perioxidase reaction), 3% for 3 minutes. Through the technique of Zeisler (1938), better results were detected at the balloon stage with 80 to 100% receptivity, while for the open flower the receptivity presented maximum indexes.

scholarly journals Calnexin Overexpression Increases Manganese Peroxidase Production in Aspergillus niger

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 846-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Conesa ◽  
David Jeenes ◽  
David B. Archer ◽  
Cees A. M. J. J. van den Hondel ◽  
Peter J. Punt
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Manganese Peroxidase ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Prosthetic Group ◽  
Secretion Pathway

ABSTRACT Heme-containing peroxidases from white rot basidiomycetes, in contrast to most proteins of fungal origin, are poorly produced in industrial filamentous fungal strains. Factors limiting peroxidase production are believed to operate at the posttranslational level. In particular, insufficient availability of the prosthetic group which is required for peroxidase biosynthesis has been proposed to be an important bottleneck. In this work, we analyzed the role of two components of the secretion pathway, the chaperones calnexin and binding protein (BiP), in the production of a fungal peroxidase. Expression of the Phanerochaete chrysosporium manganese peroxidase (MnP) in Aspergillus niger resulted in an increase in the expression level of the clxA and bipA genes. In a heme-supplemented medium, where MnP was shown to be overproduced to higher levels, induction of clxA and bipA was also higher. Overexpression of these two chaperones in an MnP-producing strain was analyzed for its effect on MnP production. Whereas bipA overexpression seriously reduced MnP production, overexpression of calnexin resulted in a four- to fivefold increase in the extracellular MnP levels. However, when additional heme was provided in the culture medium, calnexin overexpression had no synergistic effect on MnP production. The possible function of these two chaperones in MnP maturation and production is discussed.

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