scholarly journals Production of Biosurfactants By Arthrobacter Sp . N3 , a Hydrocarbon Degrading Bacterium

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilma Čipinytė ◽  
Saulius Grigiškis ◽  
Dovilė Šapokaitė ◽  
Egidijus Baškys
Keyword(s):  
Culture Liquid ◽  
Batch Cultivation ◽  
Biosurfactant Production ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Emulsification Capacity ◽  
Crude Preparation ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Different screening methods, such as emulsification capacity and oil spreading assays, hydrocarbon overlay agar and modified drop collapse methods were used to detect biosurfactant production by hydrocarbon degrading Arthrobacter sp N3 strain. It was indicated that oil spreading assay was the most reliable method to detect biosurfactant production. To investigate biosurfactant production, batch cultivation of Arthrobacter sp N3 was carried out in a fermenter with complex nutrient medium supplemented by sunflower oil as a carbon source. The highest oil displacement activity was achieved when Arthrobacter sp N3 strain was cultivated in two stages (with aeration for cell production and without aeration for biosurfactant synthesis). Then, two forms of the biosurfactant (crude preparation and partially purified biosurfactant) were recovered from the culture liquid. Furthermore, the biosurfactant produced by Arthrobacter sp N3 strain was analyzed by thin layer chromatography and it was estimated that even a few compounds have surface activity. The effect of temperature and pH on biosurfactant activity was also studied. It was observed that no appreciable changes in biosurfactant activity occurred at temperature and pH values ranges of 4–125 ºC and 5–10, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of temperature on acid hydrolysis of Jerusalem artichoke as raw material for ethanol production

2013 ◽  
pp. 279-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radojka Razmovski ◽  
Vesna Vucurovic ◽  
Uros Miljic ◽  
Vladimir Puskas
Keyword(s):  
Hold Time ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Industrial Biotechnology ◽  
Microbial Conversion ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Theoretical Yield ◽  
Renewable Raw Material ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Jerusalem artichoke (JA) is a low-requirement crop, which does not interfere with food chain, and is a promising carbon source for industrial fermentation. Microbial conversion of such a renewable raw material to useful products, such as ethanol, is an important objective in industrial biotechnology. In this study, ethanol was efficiently produced from the hydrolyzates of JA obtained at different pH values (pH 2.5, pH 3.0 and pH 3.5), temperature (120, 130, 132 and 134?C) and hold time (30 and 60 min) by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The efficient degradation of JA by HCl under certain experimental conditions was confirmed by thin-layer chromatography. Ethanol concentration of 7.52% (w/w), which corresponds to 93.89 % of the theoretical yield is achieved by ethanol fermentation of JA hydrolyzate obtained at pH 2.5.

scholarly journals A new approach toward damage localization and quantification of structures under changing temperature condition

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 572-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Soo Lon Wah ◽  
Yung-Tsang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Damage Detection ◽  
Temperature Effect ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Single Temperature ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Actual Damage ◽  
Shear Building ◽  
Two Stages

Most damage detection methods developed in the literature cannot give the locations and extent of damages under the presence of varying temperature condition. This is because temperature condition changes the vibration properties of a structure, which are commonly analyzed for damage detection, and temperature gradient throughout the structure makes it difficult to create a baseline for the undamaged structure, as the baseline is generally constructed using features obtained under a wide range of temperature conditions. In this paper, a new insight on how to approach damage detection using only a single temperature condition to create the baseline is proposed. This approach solves the damage detection under changing temperature problem in two stages by first quantifying the change of stiffness of all the elements in a structure due to temperature and damage effects, followed by removing the temperature effect, a global effect, to give the actual damage locations and extent. Using single temperature condition allows new measurements to be compared to a benchmark so that local deviation can be obtained, thus making the damaged elements identifiable. The proposed approach is tested using a beam structure model and a shear building under different gradient temperature conditions, and the results demonstrate that the method successfully eliminates the change in elemental stiffness due to temperature effect and gives correct damage locations and extent. The approach can be implemented with other existing damage detection methods that did not consider the effect of temperature so that structures under varying temperature condition can be analyzed.

scholarly journals Genomic analysis of Bacillus cereus NWUAB01 and its heavy metal removal from polluted soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayansina Segun Ayangbenro ◽  
Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Luria Bertani ◽  
Biosurfactant Production ◽  
Screening Methods

AbstractMicroorganisms that display unique biotechnological characteristics are usually selected for industrial applications. Bacillus cereus NWUAB01 was isolated from a mining soil and its heavy metal resistance was determined on Luria–Bertani agar. The biosurfactant production was determined by screening methods such as drop collapse, emulsification and surface tension measurement. The biosurfactant produced was evaluated for metal removal (100 mg/L of each metal) from contaminated soil. The genome of the organism was sequenced using Illumina Miseq platform. Strain NWUAB01 tolerated 200 mg/L of Cd and Cr, and was also tolerant to 1000 mg/L of Pb. The biosurfactant was characterised as a lipopeptide with a metal-complexing property. The biosurfactant had a surface tension of 39.5 mN/m with metal removal efficiency of 69%, 54% and 43% for Pb, Cd and Cr respectively. The genome revealed genes responsible for metal transport/resistance and biosynthetic gene clusters involved in the synthesis of various secondary metabolites. Putative genes for transport/resistance to cadmium, chromium, copper, arsenic, lead and zinc were present in the genome. Genes responsible for biopolymer synthesis were also present in the genome. This study highlights biosurfactant production and heavy metal removal of strain NWUAB01 that can be harnessed for biotechnological applications.

THE IDENTIFICATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITE COMPOUNDS FROM ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION OF Dendropthoe falcata

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Astuti Lestari ◽  
Sri Atun
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Pure Compound ◽  
Plant Parasite ◽  
Pure Compounds ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Chloroform Methanol

This study was aimed at identifying secondary metabolites of ethyl acetate fraction of Dendrophtoe falcata (L.f.) Ettingsh mindi plant parasite (Melia azedarach L.). This research was conducted by maceration method using ethanol solvent, partitioning sequentially with n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. Ethyl acetate fraction was separated by gravity column chromatography (GCC) in two stages. Phase I GCC used n-hexane : ethyl acetate (9 : 1). Phase II GCC used chloroform : methanol (9 : 1) eluent to obtain one pure compound. Purity identification used thin layer chromatography. Characterization of pure compounds obtained was carried out using UV-Vis and IR. The results show that the isolated compounds maximum wavelengths are at 351.20, 262.60, and 207.20 nm which corresponded to the conjugated synamoyl, benzoyl and chromophore phenol. IR spectrum data shows the presence of O-H, C-H aliphatic, C = O carbonyl, C = C aromatic, and C-O. From these data, the isolated compounds show flavonoid type flavanols.IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER DARI FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT BATANG Dendropthoe falcata.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi senyawa metabolit sekunder dari fraksi etil asetat batang Dendrophtoe falcata (L.f.) Ettingsh parasit tumbuhan mindi (Melia azedarach L.). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol, partisi secara berurutan dengan n-heksana, kloroform, dan etil asetat. Fraksi etil asetat dipisahkan secara kromatografi kolom gravitasi (KKG) dalam dua tahap. KKG tahap I menggunakan eluen n-heksana : etil asetat (9 : 1). KKG tahap II menggunakan eluen kloroform : metanol (9 : 1) sehingga diperoleh satu senyawa murni. Identifikasi kemurnian menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis. Karakterisasi senyawa murni yang diperoleh dilakukan menggunakan UV-Vis dan IR. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis, senyawa hasil isolasi menunjukkan panjang gelombang maksimum pada 351,20; 262,60; dan 207,20 nm yang sesuai dengan gugus sinamoil, benzoil, dan kromofor fenol terkonjugasi. Data spektrum IR menunjukkan adanya ikatan O-H, C-H alifatik, C=O karbonil, C=C aromatik, dan C-O. Dari data tersebut, senyawa hasil isolasi menunjukkan golongan flavonoid jenis flavonol.

Kinetic modeling of biosurfactant production by Bacillus subtilis N3-1P using brewery waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahareh Moshtagh ◽  
Kelly Hawboldt ◽  
Baiyu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Substrate Utilization ◽  
Batch Cultivation ◽  
Biosurfactant Production ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Biomass Growth ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Specific Growth Rates

Abstract Costs associated with production of favorable biologically produced surfactants continue to be a significant obstacle to large scale application. Using industrial wastes and by-products as substrate and optimization of cultural conditions are two strategies of producing biosurfactants with a reasonable price. Also, modeling the biosurfactant production bioprocess improves the commercial design and monitoring of biomass growth, biosurfactant production, and substrate utilization. In this study, the indigenous Bacillus subtilis N3-1P strain and a local brewery waste as the carbon source were used to produce a biosurfactant. The batch cultivation was performed under the optimum conditions. Models describing the biomass growth, biosurfactant production, and substrate utilization were developed by fitting the experimental data to the logistic, Contois and Luedeking-Piret models using MATLAB software and regression analysis. The kinetic parameters including the maximum specific growth rates (µ max), the Contois constant (K), parameters of the Luedeking-Piret modelswere calculated. Yields including Y X/S , and Y P/X were found to be 0.143 gX/gS, and 0.188 gP/gX, respectively. The experimental and predicted model showed good agreement. The developed models are a key step in designing reactors for scale up of biosurfactant production.

scholarly journals Novel Intermediates of Acenaphthylene Degradation by Rhizobium sp. Strain CU-A1: Evidence for Naphthalene-1,8-Dicarboxylic Acid Metabolism

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 6034-6039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siriwat Poonthrigpun ◽  
Kobchai Pattaragulwanit ◽  
Sarunya Paengthai ◽  
Thanyanuch Kriangkripipat ◽  
Kanchana Juntongjin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dicarboxylic Acid ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Membered Ring ◽  
Gentisic Acid ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Naphthoic Acid ◽  
Mutant Strains ◽  
Petroleum Contaminated Soil ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Rhizobium Sp

ABSTRACT The acenaphthylene-degrading bacterium Rhizobium sp. strain CU-A1 was isolated from petroleum-contaminated soil in Thailand. This strain was able to degrade 600 mg/liter acenaphthylene completely within three days. To elucidate the pathway for degradation of acenaphthylene, strain CU-A1 was mutagenized by transposon Tn5 in order to obtain mutant strains deficient in acenaphthylene degradation. Metabolites produced from Tn5-induced mutant strains B1, B5, and A53 were purified by thin-layer chromatography and silica gel column chromatography and characterized by mass spectrometry. The results suggested that this strain cleaved the fused five-membered ring of acenaphthylene to form naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylic acid via acenaphthenequinone. One carboxyl group of naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylic acid was removed to form 1-naphthoic acid which was transformed into salicylic acid before metabolization to gentisic acid. This work is the first report of complete acenaphthylene degradation by a bacterial strain.

scholarly journals Stimulation of diesel degradation and biosurfactant production by aminoglycosides in a novel oil-degrading bacterium Pseudomonas luteola PRO23

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iva Atanaskovic ◽  
Jelena Jovicic-Petrovic ◽  
Marjan Biocanin ◽  
Vera Karlicic ◽  
Vera Raicevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Growth Kinetics ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Biosurfactant Production ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Light Oil ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Pseudomonas Luteola ◽  
Biodegradation Efficiency

Bioremediation is promising technology for dealing with oil hydrocarbons contamination. In this research growth kinetics and oil biodegradation efficiency of Pseudomonas luteola PRO23, isolated from crude oil-contaminated soil samples, were investigated under different concentrations (5, 10 and 20 g/L) of light and heavy crude oil. More efficient biodegradation and more rapid adaptation and cell growth were obtained in conditions with light oil. The 5 to 10 g/L upgrade of light oil concentration stimulated the microbial growth and the biodegradation efficiency. Further upgrade of light oil concentration and the upgrade of heavy oil concentration both inhibited the microbial growth, as well as biodegradation process. Aminoglycosides stimulated biosurfactant production in P. luteola in the range of sub-inhibitory concentrations (0.3125, 0.625 ?g/mL). Aminoglycosides also induced biofilm formation. The production of biosurfactants was the most intense during lag phase and continues until stationary phase. Aminoglycosides also induced changes in P. luteola growth kinetics. In the presence of aminoglycosides this strain degraded 82% of diesel for 96 h. These results indicated that Pseudomonas luteola PRO23 potentially can be used in bioremediation of crude oil-contaminated environments and that aminoglycosides could stimulate this process.

scholarly journals Screening and Characterization of Biosurfactant-Producing Bacillus Species Isolated from Contaminated Soils in Makurdi Metropolis

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-176
Author(s):  
W.C John ◽  
I.O Ogbonna ◽  
G.M Gberikon ◽  
C.C Iheukwumere
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Biosurfactant Production ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Industrial Biotechnology ◽  
Emulsification Index ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Biosurfactants synthesized by microorganisms are chemically diverse and have gained interest industrially due to their surface and interfacial tensions-reducing activities. In this study Bacillus species from contaminated soils were screened and characterized for biosurfactant production. The study was carried out at the Microbiology Laboratory, Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Nigeria. The Bacillus species were isolated from kerosene shops, palm oil shops, nearby restaurants, mechanic workshops and abattoir effluents- contaminated soil samples collected from Makurdi metropolis. The Bacillus spp. were screened for biosurfactants production potentials using various screening methods (oil spreading, beta haemolysis, drop collapse and emulsification index). Specific primers were used to amplify the srfAA (surfactin gene) gene in the Bacillus isolates and the nucleotide sequences were determined at Inqaba Biotec, South Africa. The screening results were statistically analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 95 % confidence level. Isolate RT7(4)B exhibited the ability to produce biosurfactant, as well as the highest emulsification index (E24) of 73.25 % while isolate PO7(3)C gave the highest oil displacement of 6.77 mm. The supernatant obtained from isolate RT7(4)B showed reduction in surface tension of up to 30.26 mN/m. The isolates gave positive results for biosurfactant production when subjected to drop collapse and Beta haemolytic tests. The Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results revealed amplifications of srfAA gene from 7 isolates. Based on these findings, the isolates used in this study can be utilized for biosurfactant production, and can also be useful for bioremediation and industrial biotechnology applications. Keywords: Biosurfactants; emulsification index; Bacillus; surface tension; Drop collapse

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document