THE IMPACT OF FUEL CYCLE ECONOMICS ON THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF NUCLEAR POWER

1972 ◽  
pp. 203-230
Author(s):  
J.J. WENT ◽  
W.K. WIECHERS
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Fuel Cycle ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

Lessons Learned From the Operation of Large-Scale Reprocessing-Recycling Facilities in France: What Is in It for China?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Gros
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Fuel Cycle ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
The Impact

AREVA has been running since decades nuclear reprocessing and recycling installations in France. Several industrial facilities have been built and used to this aim across the time. Following those decades and with the more and more precise monitoring of the impact of those installations, precise data and lessons-learned have been collected that can be used for the stakeholders of potential new facilities. China has expressed strong interest in building such facilities. As a matter of fact, the issue of accumulation of spent fuel is becoming serious in China and jeopardizes the operation of several nuclear power plants, through the running out of space of storage pools. Tomorrow, with the extremely high pace of nuclear development of China, accumulation of spent fuel will be unbearable. Building reprocessing and recycling installations takes time. A decision has to be taken so as to enable the responsible development of nuclear in China. Without a solution for the back end of its nuclear fuel cycle, the development of nuclear energy will face a wall. This is what the Chinese central government, through the action of its industrial CNNC, has well understood. Several years of negotiations have been held with AREVA. Everybody in the sector seems now convinced. However, now that the negotiation is coming to an end, an effort should be done towards all the stakeholders, sharing actual information from France’s reference facilities on: safety, security, mitigation measures for health protection (of the workers, of the public), mitigation measures for the protection of the environment. Most of this information is public, as France has since years promulgated a law on Nuclear transparency. China is also in need for more transparency, yet lacks means to access this public information, often in French language, so let’s open our books!

scholarly journals Not Only Diabetes but Also Prediabetes Leads to Functional Decline and Disability in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Shang ◽  
Laura Fratiglioni ◽  
Davide Liborio Vetrano ◽  
Abigail Dove ◽  
Anna-Karin Welmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Function ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Disability Progression ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Chair Stand ◽  
Mixed Effect Models ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

<b>BACKGROUND</b>: Diabetes is linked to functional decline, but the impact of prediabetes on physical function is unknown. We aimed to examine and compare the impact of prediabetes and diabetes on physical function and disability progression and to explore whether cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) mediate these associations. <p><b>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: </b>A cohort of 2,013 participants aged ≥60 from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen, an ongoing population-based longitudinal study, was followed for up to 12 years. Physical function was measured with chair stand (s) and walking speed (m/s) tests, and disability was measured by summing the numbers of impaired basic and instrumental activities of daily living. Diabetes was identified through medical examinations or clinical records, medication use, or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥6.5%. Prediabetes was defined as HbA1c ≥5.7–6.4% in diabetes-free participants. CVDs were ascertained through clinical examinations and the National Patient Registry. Data were analyzed using mixed effect models and mediation models.</p> <p><b>RESULTS: </b>At baseline, 650 (32.3%) had prediabetes and 151 had diabetes<b> </b>(7.5%).<b> </b>In multi-adjusted mixed effect models,<b> </b>prediabetes was associated with an increased chair stand time (0.33, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.61), a decreased walking speed (-0.006, -0.010 to -0.002), and an accelerated disability progression (0.05, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.08), even after controlling for the future development of diabetes. Diabetes led to faster functional decline than prediabetes. In mediation analyses, CVDs mediated 7.1%, 7.8%, and 20.9% of the associations between prediabetes and chair stand, walking speed, and disability progression, respectively. </p> <p><b>CONCLUSIONS: </b>Prediabetes, in addition to diabetes, is associated with faster functional decline and disability, independent of the future development of diabetes. This association may be in part mediated by CVDs.</p>

Impacts of Educational Outreach on Envisioning Marine Cities of the Future Development Project

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikuo Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Career Aspirations ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Global Environment ◽  
Educational Outreach ◽  
Stem Fields ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Intended Effect

Abstract Given today’s changing global environment and the need for people to be able to lead prosperous lives in the future, we will need technical experts who can think flexibly and respond to change, and we will also need to provide opportunities for children to awaken and develop their interest in relevant technical areas. I have used lectures and seminars on the Marine Cities of the Future Development Project [1][2], a project in which I am deeply engaged, as opportunities to verify the impact of educational outreach on students. In these lectures, I emphasize aspects such as “pushing the boundaries” and “realizing goals through reliable technology,” and tailor the content to stimulate students’ career aspirations in STEM fields. Requests from educators for further lectures aimed at cultivating students’ career aspirations and students’ heightened interest in proposals of new technology as revealed by post-lecture surveys, confirm that these efforts have had the intended effect.

scholarly journals Assessment of extreme hydrological conditions in the Bothnian Bay, Baltic Sea, and the impact of the nuclear power plant “Hanhikivi-1” on the local thermal regime

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Y. Dvornikov ◽  
Stanislav D. Martyanov ◽  
Vladimir A. Ryabchenko ◽  
Tatjana R. Eremina ◽  
Alexey V. Isaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
External Forcing ◽  
The Future ◽  
Bothnian Bay ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The results of the study aimed to assess the influence of future nuclear power plant Hanhikivi-1 upon the local thermal conditions in the Bothnian Bay in the Baltic Sea are presented. A number of experiments with different numerical models were also carried out in order to estimate the extreme hydro-meteorological conditions in the area of the construction. The numerical experiments were fulfilled both with analytically specified external forcing and with real external forcing for 2 years: a cold year (2010) and a warm year (2014). The study has shown that the extreme values of sea level and water temperature and the characteristics of wind waves and sea ice in the vicinity of the future nuclear power plant can be significant and sometimes catastrophic. Permanent release of heat into the marine environment from an operating nuclear power plant will lead to a strong increase in temperature and the disappearance of ice cover within a 2 km vicinity of the station. These effects should be taken into account when assessing local climate changes in the future.

The impact of the computer

1958 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-168
Author(s):  
Mina Rees
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Mathematical Background ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

Today, computers are used to solve problems which were “out of reach” just a few years ago. Students in your high school classes may have a role to play in the future development of these “brains” if they have a sound mathematical background.

Chornobyl exclusion zone: current status and challenges

2021 ◽  
pp. 014664532110280
Author(s):  
Olena Pareniuk ◽  
Nakahiro Yasuda
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Nuclear Accidents ◽  
Exclusion Zone ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Future

Comparisons of the large nuclear accidents that occurred at the nuclear power plants in Chornobyl and Fukushima usually focus on the emission of radionuclides, the contamination area, doses to the public and liquidation workers, etc. However, little attention has been paid to various factors that affect decisions regarding the future development of these territories, such as the sociopolitical and economic situation in the countries during the accident and at the present time, the density and structure of the population, climate change, media coverage, and accessibility of information to the public. This article attempts to discuss the above factors, speculates about the paths for future development of both exclusion zones, and suggests the most promising areas for joint research in the future.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the business environment of SMEs in Nitra region in Slovakia

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-331
Author(s):  
Enikő Korcsmáros ◽  
Monika Šimova
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Transport Cost ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

Research background: Businesses are directly affected by the outside world, i.e. the business environment. Literature review lists a number of factors of the business environment affecting businesses. These factors may be oriented towards inputs, outputs, sales, or can be an instrument of regional policy. With regard to future development of businesses, it is crucial to identify which factor and to what extent can influence the operation of the business. Purpose of the article: The main objective of the primary research was to provide a comprehensive assessment of how different factors influence enterprises of different economic sectors as well as help to verify the research question defined and formulate recommendations for future development of enterprises. The questionnaire survey to verify the research question was conducted on a sample of 496 small and medium-sized enterprises. Methods: We chose quantitative method of ANOVA for processing the results of the survey, and we also set the limit of significant impact of different influence factors on the basis of analysed data of primary research, and the limit of significant impact. Based on literature study, we have grouped individual factors such as factors focused on inputs, on outputs, on sales, and instruments of regional policy. Based on those findings we can identify the impact of factors for the future development of SMEs in different economic sectors. Findings & Value added: SMEs of Nitra Region involved in the research represent different economic sectors and various factors influence them with different intensity, for future development of these SMEs it is necessary to reduce the transport cost of raw material and goods, improve the attitude of employees to work, and the technical level of equipment to improve the economic situation of the region. The mentioned findings are important for formulating the future regional development plan.

scholarly journals Not Only Diabetes but Also Prediabetes Leads to Functional Decline and Disability in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Shang ◽  
Laura Fratiglioni ◽  
Davide Liborio Vetrano ◽  
Abigail Dove ◽  
Anna-Karin Welmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Function ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Disability Progression ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Chair Stand ◽  
Mixed Effect Models ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

<b>BACKGROUND</b>: Diabetes is linked to functional decline, but the impact of prediabetes on physical function is unknown. We aimed to examine and compare the impact of prediabetes and diabetes on physical function and disability progression and to explore whether cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) mediate these associations. <p><b>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: </b>A cohort of 2,013 participants aged ≥60 from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen, an ongoing population-based longitudinal study, was followed for up to 12 years. Physical function was measured with chair stand (s) and walking speed (m/s) tests, and disability was measured by summing the numbers of impaired basic and instrumental activities of daily living. Diabetes was identified through medical examinations or clinical records, medication use, or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥6.5%. Prediabetes was defined as HbA1c ≥5.7–6.4% in diabetes-free participants. CVDs were ascertained through clinical examinations and the National Patient Registry. Data were analyzed using mixed effect models and mediation models.</p> <p><b>RESULTS: </b>At baseline, 650 (32.3%) had prediabetes and 151 had diabetes<b> </b>(7.5%).<b> </b>In multi-adjusted mixed effect models,<b> </b>prediabetes was associated with an increased chair stand time (0.33, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.61), a decreased walking speed (-0.006, -0.010 to -0.002), and an accelerated disability progression (0.05, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.08), even after controlling for the future development of diabetes. Diabetes led to faster functional decline than prediabetes. In mediation analyses, CVDs mediated 7.1%, 7.8%, and 20.9% of the associations between prediabetes and chair stand, walking speed, and disability progression, respectively. </p> <p><b>CONCLUSIONS: </b>Prediabetes, in addition to diabetes, is associated with faster functional decline and disability, independent of the future development of diabetes. This association may be in part mediated by CVDs.</p>

scholarly journals IFMIF-DONES as Paradigm of Institutional Funding in the Way towards Sustainable Energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13093
Author(s):  
Rafael Esteban ◽  
Zaida Troya ◽  
Enrique Herrera-Viedma ◽  
Antonio Peña-García
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Main Target ◽  
The Future ◽  
Institutional Funding ◽  
The Impact

Although actions promoting sustainable energy production and consumption have been widely approached in the literature, the management of the big scientific projects devoted to these actions have not been considered as a matter of study from the perspective of sustainable development, but almost exclusively from the scientific or technical ones. Experiences all over the world are increasingly demonstrating that the impact of the project phase is more critical than expected. In this sense, the joint international research on clean and more efficient nuclear power, especially fusion, is currently focused on two large projects: ITER and IFMIF-DONES. Although ITER is step by step advancing, IFMIF-DONES still has a long way before it is actually implemented and its main target (the evaluation of the materials to build the future nuclear fusion reactors) is achieved. In this work, the different steps focused on IFMIF-DONES funding and management planning up to date are analysed and, departing from them, some key points on the future development of the project are proposed.

Assessment of the contribution of assisted reproduction methods for the future development of the number of live births in Czechia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Burcin ◽  
Tereza Pachlová ◽  
Anna Šťastná ◽  
Jiřina Kocourková
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Demographic Trend ◽  
Live Births ◽  
The Future ◽  
Art Methods ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Postponement

Abstract Background: The key demographic trend concerns the postponement of parenthood to later ages. Moreover, the number of Czech women of reproductive age is decreasing, which will lead to a decrease in the number of live births even with higher fertility. The aims are to assess recent trends concerning using ART in Czechia and to estimate the impact of using ART on the future development of the number of live births. Methods: Based on data on the number of ART cycles involving the transfer of embryos in the period 2007–2012, the number of deliveries following ART was converted to the number of live births following ART by the maternal age at birth for the period 2008-2012. Subsequently, age-specific fertility rates following ART and models of the potential future development of live births following ART treatment were calculated. These models were based on a combination of two potential fertility development variants and four variants for the estimation of the future share of ART fertility of total fertility by age (V1-V4). Results: If the use of ART methods remains unchanged, there will be a decrease in the number of live births following ART in the period up to 2030 (V1 and V2) due to the declining reproductive potential of women. An increase in the number of live births following ART would occur only if there were an increase in the use of ART methods. Depending on the expected level of the increase in the use of ART, the number of live births following ART would increase by 2030 to 4.9 thousand (V3) and 6.5 thousand (V4). In relative terms, this would represent an increase from the initial 3.2% of the total number of live births to 5.0% and 6.8% respectively. Conslusions : We can expect an increase in the importance of ART for demographic trends in the future. The projection models assumed that the future development of the use of ART would be affected not only by the intensity of fertility postponement and different levels of fertility, but also by advances in reproductive medicine and the increasing availability of ART.

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