Micronutrient Constraints to Crop Production in the Middle East–West Asia Region

High tunnels are gaining popularity for their use in horticultural crop production. However, little is known about the effect of high tunnel orientation on plant growth and development. In this set of studies, we show tunnel orientation does not necessarily affect the production of cut sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and culinary herbs oregano (Origanum vulgare), marjoram (Origanum majorana), and garlic chive (Allium tuberosum). Two high tunnels, one with the long axis oriented north-south (NS) and the other east-west (EW), were used to test the effects of high tunnel orientation on several crops over a 5-year period: cut sunflower (2012 and 2016); marjoram, oregano, and garlic chive (2013 and 2014); and garlic chive (2015). The tunnels are 12 × 16 ft, smaller than those used in commercial production. The size would be appropriate for hobby and seasonal production of horticultural crops for local markets. Cut sunflower stems were similar lengths both years in both high tunnels. Sunflower times to harvest were different between cultivars but not between high tunnels. Oregano fresh weight yields were highest in the NS tunnel in 2013 but similar between tunnels in 2014. Marjoram fresh weights were highest in 2013 in the EW tunnel but highest in 2014 in the NS tunnel. Garlic chive fresh weights were similar between tunnels all 3 years. We show that differences are more a function of innate cultivar characteristics than which way small high tunnels are oriented.

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Evaluation of Water Scarcity in Selected Countries of the Middle East

Water ◽

10.3390/w10101482 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1482 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Petr Procházka ◽

Vladimír Hönig ◽

Mansoor Maitah ◽

Ivana Pljučarská ◽

Jakub Kleindienst

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Middle East ◽

Water Scarcity ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Crop Production ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Supply And Demand ◽

High Water ◽

Economic Effects ◽

The Impact

The primary goal of this article is to evaluate water scarcity in selected countries of the Middle-East and assess the impact on agricultural production. To begin with, the Weighted Anomaly Standardized Precipitation (WASP) Index from 1979 to 2017 was spatially computed for Iran, Iraq and Saudi Arabia. In order to demonstrate the effect of reduced levels of water, the water shortage situation in cities with the population higher than one million was examined. This was accomplished by utilizing the Composite Index approach to make water related statistics more intelligible. A projection for the years of 2020 to 2030 was created in order to demonstrate possible changes in the supply and demand for water in selected countries of the Middle-East. In regards to evaluating the economic effects of water shortages on agricultural sector, effects of lower precipitation on agricultural production in Iran, Iraq and Saudi Arabia were estimated. With ever-increasing urbanization, all countries are currently experiencing a moderate to high water risk. Our research points to excessively high water stress for most analyzed cities through the year 2030. Also, it is demonstrated how much precipitation decreases influence agricultural production in Iran, Iraq and Saudi Arabia. From the analyzed countries, some evidence is found that precipitation negatively influences crop production, primarily for Iran.

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Akhir Yom (The Last Day): A Localized Arabic Adaptation of Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet

Theatre Research International ◽

10.1017/s0307883307003392 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 52-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

YVETTE K. KHOURY

Keyword(s):

Middle East ◽

Local Knowledge ◽

The Other ◽

Global Field ◽

Field Of Study ◽

Romeo And Juliet ◽

Global Context ◽

Musical Scores ◽

East West ◽

Cultural Interactions

This paper is an exploration of the 2004 Arabic adaptation of Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, which premiered in Casino du Liban in Beirut. The Last Day was created by Oussama al-Rahbani, who also composed the musical scores. The play shows how local Shakespeares resonate with the wider global field of study, which in turn echo East–West cultural interactions. The Last Day challenges our perception of the Other in Arabic drama as it questions intraculturalism within the conflict-ravaged Middle East. It prompts us to ask how we should address local Shakespeares in a global context, and how local knowledge illuminates our understanding of Shakespeare's reception. This paper emphasizes the fluidity of the field of Shakespearean studies and the instability of East–West cultural divides.

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DIGITAL SOCIETY IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA: NEW OPPORTUNITIES

EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA ◽

10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.10.01.021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (10) ◽

pp. 190-196

Author(s):

Maria V. Melanina ◽

◽

Viktoria S. Ponomareva ◽

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Middle East ◽

North Africa ◽

Information Society ◽

Regional Cooperation ◽

Arab World ◽

Point Of View ◽

Digital Content ◽

East West

The article examines the features of the formation of the information society in the countries of the Arab East (West Asia and North Africa), justifies the need for the development of digitalization from the point of view of the long-term tasks facing these states in the field of sustainable development, including the need to diversify the economy, production and exports. It is established that the countries of the Arab world have intensified regional cooperation in this direction, and are currently at the stage of forming Arab digital content.

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The Jews

International Studies ◽

10.1177/0020881718768345 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 146-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. R. Kumaraswamy

Keyword(s):

Foreign Policy ◽

Middle East ◽

Mahatma Gandhi ◽

Complex Picture ◽

East West ◽

Made In

‘ Palestine belongs to the Arabs in the same sense that England belongs to the English or France to the French.’ This remark made in November 1938 has been the most widely statement of Mahatma Gandhi on foreign policy, especially on Israel, Palestine and wider Middle East/West Asia. This was seen as the epitome of Gandhi’s ‘consistent’ opposition to the formation of a Jewish national home in Palestine. However, a closer reading of the article published in the 26 November issue of Harijan presents a more complex picture and depicts Gandhi’s unfamiliarity with Judaism and his limited understanding of Zionism. Furthermore, while demanding Jewish non-violence even against Hitler, he was accommodative of Arab violence in Palestine.

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The Apotheosis of a Global Guru

Finding God through Yoga ◽

10.5149/northcarolina/9781469648637.003.0005 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 156-200

Author(s):

David J. Neumann

Keyword(s):

Middle East ◽

Structural Features ◽

World Peace ◽

Spiritual World ◽

Spiritual Authority ◽

The World ◽

Divine Identity ◽

Cultural Internationalism ◽

Gospel Narratives ◽

East West

This chapter explores Yogananda’s growing status as a global spiritual authority and a divine figure. The chapter begins by placing Yogananda in the context of religious internationalism, a subset of interwar cultural internationalism driven by concerns for world peace. It details his use of East-West as a vehicle for a cosmopolitan spiritual vision. An extravagant worldwide journey in 1935-36 from California to England, the Continent, the Middle East, and ultimately to his home city of Calcutta solidified his reputation as a “global guru.” The chapter also explores his syncretism, through his lengthy exegesis of New Testament gospel narratives that transformed the story of Jesus and his teachings into a revelation of yogic truth that hinted at Yogananda’s own divine identity. But it was the 1946 Autobiography of a Yogi that firmly established Yogananda’s reputation as a guru to the world. An analysis of this text’s structural features reveals it to be a new scripture, designed to inculcate belief in the spiritual world Yogananda evoked and a hagiography of the yogi who wrote it.

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Migration Routes of the Aptian to Turonian Ostracod Assemblages from North Africa and the Middle East

Paleontology Journal ◽

10.1155/2014/459787 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ashraf M. T. Elewa ◽

Omar Mohamed

Keyword(s):

Middle East ◽

Quantitative Study ◽

Late Cretaceous ◽

North Africa ◽

The Other ◽

Migration Routes ◽

Oxygen Conditions ◽

Early Late ◽

East West ◽

Ostracod Species

Quantitative paleobiogeography is a powerful tool for detecting the migration routes of microfossils. This is factual and applicable when we select appropriate analyses for proper problems in the following manner. The quantitative study of 43 selected ostracod species (total of 136 species) from 11 countries of North Africa and the Middle East led to the detection of two migration routes in the late Early to early Late Cretaceous times. The first route of migration was from east to west during the intervals of Aptian-Albian to Cenomanian. While in the Turonian time, reduced oxygen conditions prevailed and minimized the east-west migration. The second route was from north to south for the duration of Aptian-Albian to Cenomanian. On the other hand, four ostracod biofacies, each with its distinctive environmental conditions, have been identified in the studied countries ranging in age from Aptian to Turonian.

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