Liquid biopsy in bone sarcomas and identification of new biomarkers

2022 ◽  
pp. 487-500
Author(s):  
Marta Téllez-Gabriel ◽  
Dominique Heymann
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Bone Sarcomas ◽  
New Biomarkers

scholarly journals Liquid Biopsy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Where Are We Now?

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2274
Author(s):  
Filippo Pelizzaro ◽  
Romilda Cardin ◽  
Barbara Penzo ◽  
Elisa Pinto ◽  
Alessandro Vitale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Therapeutic Monitoring ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Improve Patient Survival ◽  
Prognostic Tests ◽  
Prognostic Stratification ◽  
New Biomarkers

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer related death worldwide. Diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers are urgently needed in order to improve patient survival. Indeed, the most widely used biomarkers, such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), have limited accuracy as both diagnostic and prognostic tests. Liver biopsy provides an insight on the biology of the tumor, but it is an invasive procedure, not routinely used, and not representative of the whole neoplasia due to the demonstrated intra-tumoral heterogeneity. In recent years, liquid biopsy, defined as the molecular analysis of cancer by-products, released by the tumor in the bloodstream, emerged as an appealing source of new biomarkers. Several studies focused on evaluating extracellular vesicles, circulating tumor cells, cell-free DNA and non-coding RNA as novel reliable biomarkers. In this review, we aimed to provide a comprehensive overview on the most relevant available evidence on novel circulating biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognostic stratification, and therapeutic monitoring. Liquid biopsy seems to be a very promising instrument and, in the near future, some of these new non-invasive tools will probably change the clinical management of HCC patients.

scholarly journals Thermal Liquid Biopsy (TLB) Focused on Benign and Premalignant Pancreatic Cyst Diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Sonia Hermoso-Durán ◽  
Guillermo García-Rayado ◽  
Laura Ceballos-Laita ◽  
Carlos Sostres ◽  
Sonia Vega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Pancreatic Cyst ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Background Current ◽  
Interesting Point ◽  
Pancreatic Lesion ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Patient Diagnosis ◽  
New Biomarkers

Background: Current efforts in the identification of new biomarkers are directed towards an accurate differentiation between benign and premalignant cysts. Thermal Liquid Biopsy (TLB) has been previously applied to inflammatory and tumor diseases and could offer an interesting point of view in this type of pathology. Methods: In this work, twenty patients (12 males and 8 females, average ages 62) diagnosed with a pancreatic cyst benign (10) and premalignant (10) cyst lesions were recruited, and biological samples were obtained during the endoscopic ultrasonography procedure. Results: Proteomic content of cyst liquid samples was studied and several common proteins in the different groups were identified. TLB cyst liquid profiles reflected protein content. Also, TLB serum score was able to discriminate between healthy and cysts patients (71% sensitivity and 98% specificity) and between benign and premalignant cysts (75% sensitivity and 67% specificity). Conclusions: TLB analysis of plasmatic serum sample, a quick, simple and non-invasive technique that can be easily implemented, reports valuable information on the observed pancreatic lesion. These preliminary results set the basis for a larger study to refine TLB serum score and move closer to the clinical application of TLB providing useful information to the gastroenterologist during patient diagnosis.

scholarly journals The Blood Circulating Rare Cell Population. What Is It and What Is It Good for?

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 790
Author(s):  
Stefan Schreier ◽  
Wannapong Triampo
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Peripheral Circulation ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Technological Problem ◽  
Rare Cells ◽  
New Biomarkers

Blood contains a diverse cell population of low concentration hematopoietic as well as non-hematopoietic cells. The majority of such rare cells may be bone marrow-derived progenitor and stem cells. This paucity of circulating rare cells, in particular in the peripheral circulation, has led many to believe that bone marrow as well as other organ-related cell egress into the circulation is a response to pathological conditions. Little is known about this, though an increasing body of literature can be found suggesting commonness of certain rare cell types in the peripheral blood under physiological conditions. Thus, the isolation and detection of circulating rare cells appears to be merely a technological problem. Knowledge about rare cell types that may circulate the blood stream will help to advance the field of cell-based liquid biopsy by supporting inter-platform comparability, making use of biological correct cutoffs and “mining” new biomarkers and combinations thereof in clinical diagnosis and therapy. Therefore, this review intends to lay ground for a comprehensive analysis of the peripheral blood rare cell population given the necessity to target a broader range of cell types for improved biomarker performance in cell-based liquid biopsy.

scholarly journals Exosomes in Lung Cancer: Actors and Heralds of Tumor Development

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4330
Author(s):  
Amaia Sandúa ◽  
Estibaliz Alegre ◽  
Álvaro González
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Cargo Proteins ◽  
New Biomarkers

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and in most cases, diagnosis is reached when the tumor has already spread and prognosis is quite poor. For that reason, the research for new biomarkers that could improve early diagnosis and its management is essential. Exosomes are microvesicles actively secreted by cells, especially by tumor cells, hauling molecules that mimic molecules of the producing cells. There are multiple methods for exosome isolation and analysis, although not standardized, and cancer exosomes from biological fluids are especially difficult to study. Exosomes’ cargo proteins, RNA, and DNA participate in the communication between cells, favoring lung cancer development by delivering signals for growth, metastasis, epithelial mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, immunosuppression and even drug resistance. Exosome analysis can be useful as a type of liquid biopsy in the diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up of lung cancer. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in the role of exosomes in lung cancer and their utility as liquid biopsy, with special attention to isolating methods.

scholarly journals Liquid Biopsy Potential Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer

Diagnostics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Neuhaus ◽  
Bo Yang
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
New Biomarkers

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer in men worldwide with an incidence of 14.8% and a mortality of 6.6%. Shortcomings in comprehensive medical check-ups in low- and middle-income countries lead to delayed detection of PCa and are causative of high numbers of advanced PCa cases at first diagnosis. The performance of available biomarkers is still insufficient and limited applicability, including logistical and financial burdens, impedes comprehensive implementation into health care systems. There is broad agreement on the need of new biomarkers to improve (i) early detection of PCa, (ii) risk stratification, (iii) prognosis, and (iv) treatment monitoring. This review focuses on liquid biopsy tests distinguishing high-grade significant (Gleason score (GS) ≥ 7) from low-grade indolent PCa. Available biomarkers still lack performance in risk stratification of biopsy naïve patients. However, biomarkers with highly negative predictive values may help to reduce unnecessary biopsies. Risk calculators using integrative scoring systems clearly improve decision-making for invasive prostate biopsy. Emerging biomarkers have the potential to substitute PSA and improve the overall performance of risk calculators. Until then, PSA should be used and may be replaced whenever enough evidence has accumulated for better performance of a new biomarker.

TKI-Resistenzen beim EGFR-positiven NSCLC

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (05) ◽  
pp. 216-216
Author(s):  
Susanne Krome
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Invasives Monitoring ◽  
Egfr Tki

EGFR-Tyrosinkinase-Inhibitoren (EGFR-TKI) haben zu einem Paradigmenwechsel in der Behandlungsstrategie für nicht-kleinzellige Bronchialkarzinome (NSCLC) geführt und gehören inzwischen zum Standard. Dabei ist es auch wichtig, primäre und erworbene Resistenzen zu überwinden. Eine aktuelle Studie mit 116 Patienten ergab unterschiedliche Resistenz-Mechanismen für TKI der 1./2. und der 3. Generation. Die Liquid Biopsy ist nach Ansicht der Autoren eine Option für ein nicht-invasives Monitoring der molekularen Veränderungen unter der EGFR-Therapie. Ein Review beschäftigte sich mit den Resistenzmechanismen und der Liquid Biopsy als Instrument für die Therapieplanung und -monitoring.

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