Alien invasive plant Amaranthus spinosus mainly altered the community structure instead of the α diversity of soil N-fixing bacteria under drought

2021 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 103788
Author(s):  
Huiyuan Cheng ◽  
Shu Wang ◽  
Mei Wei ◽  
Youli Yu ◽  
Congyan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Amaranthus Spinosus ◽  
Α Diversity

scholarly journals Evaluation of Three Prokaryote Primers for Identification of Prokaryote Community Structure and Their Abode Preference in Three Distinct Wetland Ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavita Kumari ◽  
Malay Naskar ◽  
Md. Aftabuddin ◽  
Soma Das Sarkar ◽  
Bandana Das Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Distinct Pattern ◽  
Freshwater Wetland ◽  
Wetland Ecosystem ◽  
Differential Abundance ◽  
Abundance Pattern ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Study Results

The ultimate role of prokaryote (bacteria and archaea), the decomposer of the wetland ecosystem, depends on its community structure and its interaction with the environment. The present study has used three universal prokaryote primers to compare prokaryote community structure and diversity of three distinctly different wetlands. The study results revealed that α-diversity indices and phylogenetic differential abundance patterns did not differ significantly among primers, but they did differ significantly across wetlands. Microbial community composition revealed a distinct pattern for each primer in each wetland. Overall comparison of prokaryote communities in sediments of three wetlands revealed the highest prokaryote richness and diversity in Bhomra (freshwater wetland) followed by Malencho (brackish-water wetland) and East Kolkata wetland (EKW) (sewage-fed wetland). Indicator genus analysis identified 21, 4, and 29 unique indicator genera, having preferential abode for Bhomra, EKW, and Malencho, respectively. Prediction of potential roles of these microbes revealed a preference for sulfate-reducing microbes in Malencho and methanogens in Bhomra. The distinct phylogenetic differential abundance pattern, microbial abode preference, and their potential functional role predict ecosystem variables shaping microbial diversity. The variation in community composition of prokaryotes in response to ecosystem variables can serve as the most sensitive bioindicator of wetland ecosystem assessment and management.

scholarly journals Dietary osteopontin-enriched algal protein as nutritional support in weaned pigs infected with F18-fimbriated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brooke N Smith ◽  
Melissa Hannas ◽  
Catiane Orso ◽  
Simone M M K Martins ◽  
Mei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Α Diversity

Abstract This study investigated the effects of dietary osteopontin (OPN)-enriched algal protein on growth, immune status, and fecal fermentation profiles of weaned pigs challenged with a live infection of F18-fimbriated enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). At 21 d of age, 54 pigs (5.95 ± 0.28 kg BW; blocked by BW) were allotted to 1 of 3 experimental groups combining dietary and health statuses. A control diet, containing 1% wild-type algal protein, was fed to both sham-inoculated (NC) and ETEC-inoculated (PC) pigs, while the test diet contained 1% OPN-enriched algal protein as fed only to ETEC-inoculated pigs (OA). All pigs received their assigned dietary treatment starting at study initiation to permit a 10-d acclimation period prior to inoculation. Growth performance, fecal dry matter, as well as hematological, histopathological, immune, and microbiota outcomes were analyzed by ANOVA, where treatment and time were considered as fixed effects and pig as a random effect; significance was accepted at P < 0.05. Overall, ETEC-inoculated pigs (PC and OA) exhibited decreased (P < 0.05) ADG and G:F, as well as increased (P < 0.05) peripheral blood helper T-cells and total leukocyte counts, compared with NC pigs during the postinoculation period. The OA treatment also elicited the highest (P < 0.05) concentrations of circulating tumor necrosis factor-α and volatile fatty acid concentrations in luminal contents at various postinoculation time-points, compared with other treatments. A principal coordinate analysis based on Unifrac weighted distances indicated that NC and OA groups had similar overall bacterial community structures, while PC pigs exhibited greater diversity, but infection status had no impact on α-diversity. Osteopontin-specific effects on microbial community structure included enrichment within Streptococcus and Blautia genera and decreased abundance of 12 other genera as compared with PC pigs. Overall, ETEC-infected pigs receiving 1% OPN-enriched algal protein exhibited changes immunity, inflammatory status, and colonic microbial community structure that may benefit weanling pigs experiencing F18 ETEC infection.

scholarly journals Interactive Effects of Scion and Rootstock Genotypes on the Root Microbiome of Grapevines (Vitis spp. L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1615
Author(s):  
Stefanie Nicoline Vink ◽  
Francisco Dini-Andreote ◽  
Rebecca Höfle ◽  
Anna Kicherer ◽  
Joana Falcão Salles
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Bacterial Indicator ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Functional Implications ◽  
Rhizosphere Community

Diversity and community structure of soil microorganisms are increasingly recognized as important contributors to sustainable agriculture and plant health. In viticulture, grapevine scion cultivars are grafted onto rootstocks to reduce the incidence of the grapevine pest phylloxera. However, it is unknown to what extent this practice influences root-associated microbial communities. A field survey of bacteria in soil surrounding the roots (rhizosphere) of 4 cultivars × 4 rootstock combinations was conducted to determine whether rootstock and cultivar genotypes are important drivers of rhizosphere community diversity and composition. Differences in α-diversity was highly dependent on rootstock–cultivar combinations, while bacterial community structure primarily clustered according to cultivar differences, followed by differences in rootstocks. Twenty-four bacterial indicator genera were significantly more abundant in one or more cultivars, while only thirteen were found to be specifically associated with one or more rootstock genotypes, but there was little overlap between cultivar and rootstock indicator genera. Bacterial diversity in grafted grapevines was affected by both cultivar and rootstock identity, but this effect was dependent on which diversity measure was being examined (i.e., α- or β-diversity) and specific rootstock–cultivar combinations. These findings could have functional implications, for instance, if specific combinations varied in their ability to attract beneficial microbial taxa which can control pathogens and/or assist plant performance.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Gut Microbiota in Captive and Wild Oriental White Storks: Implications for Conservation Biology

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Wu ◽  
Fang-Ting Wu ◽  
Qi-Hai Zhou ◽  
Da-Peng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Principal Coordinates Analysis ◽  
Principal Coordinates ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
White Storks

The oriental white stork (Ciconia boyciana) is considered an endangered species based on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List. This study presents the first evidence on comparative analysis of gut microbial diversity of C. boyciana from various breeding conditions. To determine the species composition and community structure of the gut microbiota, 24 fecal samples from Tianjin Zoo and Tianjin Qilihai Wetland were characterized by sequencing 16S rRNA gene amplicons using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Firmicutes was found to be the predominant phylum. Analysis of community structure revealed significant differences in the species diversity and richness between the populations of the two breeding conditions. The greatest α-diversity was found in wild C. boyciana, while artificial breeding storks from Tianjin Zoo had the least α-diversity. Principal coordinates analysis showed that the microbial communities were different between the two studied groups. In conclusion, this study reveals the species composition and structure of the gut microbiota of oriental white storks under two breeding conditions, and our findings could contribute to the integrative conservation of this endangered bird.

scholarly journals Elevated ozone concentration and nitrogen addition increase poplar rust severity by shifting the phyllosphere microbial community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siqi Tao ◽  
Yunxia Zhang ◽  
Chengming Tian ◽  
Sébastien Duplessis ◽  
Naili Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Soil N ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Rust Severity

The tropospheric ozone and nitrogen deposition are two major environmental pollutants. Numerous studies have focused on the negative impacts of elevated O3 and the complementary effect of soil N addition to tree physiological characteristics. However, it was notoriously ignored of how elevated O3 with N addition affect tree immunity in face of pathogen infection, as well as of the important roles of phyllosphere microbiome community in host-pathogen-environment interplay. Here, we examined the effects of elevated O3 and soil N addition on poplar leaf rust (Melampsora larici-populina) severity of two susceptible hybrid poplars (clone ‘107’: Populus euramericana cv. ‘74/76’; clone ‘546’: P. deltoides × P. cathayana) in Free-Air-Controlled-Environment plots, besides, the link between Mlp-susceptibility and changes in microbial community was determined using Miseq amplicon sequencing. Rust severity of clone ‘107’ significantly increased under elevated O3 or N addition only, however, the negative impact of elevated O3 could be significantly alleviated when simultaneously conducting N addition, likewise, this trade-off was also found in its phyllosphere microbial α-diversity responding to elevated O3 and N addition. However, the rust severity of clone ‘546’ did not significantly differ in the cases of elevated O3 and N addition. Mlp-infection altered microbial community composition and increased its sensitivity to elevated O3 assessed by significantly different abundance of taxa. Elevated O3 and N addition reduced the complexity of microbial community, which may explain the increased severity of poplar rust. These findings demonstrated that poplars need shifting phyllosphere microbial associations to optimize plant immunity in response to environmental changes.

scholarly journals New Insight Into the Mechanism of Ecological Effects of Artificial Habitats: Elucidating the Relationship Between Protists Associated With Artificial Reefs and Adjacent Seawater

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruolin Li ◽  
Yu Guo ◽  
Chuanxin Qin ◽  
Shuo Zhang ◽  
Dongping Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Interspecific Interactions ◽  
Artificial Reefs ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Artificial Habitats ◽  
Topological Features ◽  
Initial Fixation ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Carbon Transfer

Artificial habitat deployment can restore natural habitats or supplement existing natural habitats. The effect of resource proliferation and protection is obvious. However, few reports have addressed the biological community association between artificial habitats and adjacent environments. Here, Illumina sequencing of 18S rDNA was performed, and the diversity, community structure, and co-occurrence networks of protists in different layers of artificial reefs (ARs) and adjacent seawater (WAR) were described to verify that constructing ARs in Bailong Pearl Bay improves local spatial heterogeneity and functional diversity. In terms of the degree of species interaction, the protist communities were ranked as follows: surface and bottom of WAR > ARs and WAR > different layers of ARs. The α-diversity of protists associated with ARs and WAR decreased with an increase in depth. Protist diversity was greater in WAR than in ARs. β-Diversity analysis revealed significant differences in protist community structure between WAR and ARs (P < 0.05), and the upper layers of ARs and the middle or bottom layers of ARs differed. The key topological features of protist networks showed more positive interspecific interactions in the AR-associated protist community, a higher degree of niche differentiation, and higher complexity and stability. The keystone protists in the bottom seawater layer displayed community functions that were biased toward initial fixation in the ocean carbon cycle. The AR-associated protist community tended to participate in carbon transfer in the food chain and decomposition and utilization of dissolved organic matter (DOM). This study revealed significant differences in protist community structure between ARs and the adjacent environment, and the ecological functions of the key phyla were found to be related. In conclusion, protist communities in WAR may provide food sources for AR-associated heterotrophic protists. A variety of key phyla associated with ARs have biological roles in the carbon pump via their ecological characteristics.

scholarly journals Long-term changes in the species and functional diversity of a fine sand macrobenthic community in the English Channel

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise Bacouillard ◽  
Noémie Baux ◽  
Jean-Claude Dauvin ◽  
Nicolas Desroy ◽  
Katja Juliana Geiger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Population Fluctuations ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Functional Diversity Indices

In the eastern Bay of Seine, which is a representative area of coastal zones exposed to numerous anthropogenic disturbances, data from a long-term monitoring program of the benthic macrofauna based on a framework of 60 stations sampled during 7 cruises from 1988 to 2016 were used to investigate the link between species and functional diversity at different scales and assess how long-term changes in the community structure may have altered the ecosystem functioning. To cover the different facets of α-diversity, a selection of species and functional diversity indices were calculated and the links between these metrics were determined from a Principal Component Analysis. The β-diversity was analysed by applying multivariate methods on both species and traits composition matrices. Population fluctuations of a few very abundant species led to the major variations observed in the structure of the community in both taxonomic and functional aspects. A certain redundancy was found among species and functional diversity indices in terms of richness, evenness and heterogeneity. Likewise, at regional scale, similar patterns were reported on the spatial structure of the community in terms of species and trait composition. These patterns persist over time suggesting that the community structure and its functioning are rather resilient.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document