Symptom overlap for malaria and pneumonia—policy implications for home management strategies

This study was carried out across the six geopolitical zones to assess knowledge and health seeking behaviors of Nigerians during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in order to understand the seemingly low cases of COVID-19 in Nigeria. Structured and pretested short questionnaires were employed to obtain information electronically and physically across the six geopolitical zones on socio-demographic characteristics of participants; the knowledge of participants on COVID-19 disease; availability and accessibility to testing and isolation centers in the communities, attitudes and health seeking behaviors. Atotal of 1023 respondents; 705 (68.9%) males and 318 (31.1%) females across the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria participated in this study with 477(46.6%) within the 26-45 years age category, and 6(0.6%) above 66 years. Atotal of 985(96.3%) had heard about COVID-19 at the time of survey while a total of 859(84.0%) of the respondents were aware of the presence of COVID-19 laboratory testing centers. Across the geopolitical zones, majority of the respondents 487(47.6%) claimed there are no routine testing for COVID-19 at their community level, while 303 (29.6%) affirmed otherwise and 216(21.1%) did not know if there were routine testing going on or not. On health seeking behaviors across the country, majority of the respondents 558(54.5%) affirmed they would visit the hospital as the first point of contact if the opportunitypresented itself, 244(23.9%) claimed they would call the NCDC toll line, 2(0.2%) said they would use prayers, while 1(0.1%) respectively claimed they would use home management strategies through visiting chemist stores and checking the internet for solutions. Findings from this study confirm that there is very high awareness of the COVID-19 disease across the country, and limited number of testing centers at the community level. The implications include the possibility of unreported COVID19 cases in the cities as well as in the communities. Keywords: COVID-19, knowledge, health seeking behaviors, community level

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Urban open space transition and management in Lagos, Nigeria

Management of Environmental Quality An International Journal ◽

10.1108/meq-05-2013-0051 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 951-965 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Joseph Adeniran Adedeji ◽

Joseph Akinlabi Fadamiro

Keyword(s):

Open Space ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Policy Formulation ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Photographic Recording ◽

Open Spaces ◽

Site Assessment ◽

Content Type ◽

Management Regimes

Purpose – The poor outdoor quality of highly populated third-world cities is a consequence of the misuse of public open spaces as refuse dumps and for informal trading activities. This describes the situation of Lagos metropolis before the present political will that has infused great landscaping transition into the cityscape. However, the challenges of maintenance are germane to the sustainability of these landscape products. The purpose of this paper is to assess the quality and characteristics of the landscapes that have undergone transition and to formulate a framework for maintenance strategies. Design/methodology/approach – The study objectively evaluates the physical qualities of 22 randomly selected sites that have undergone transition through on-site assessment and photographic recording. The management regimes were subjectively studied to appraise the level of their effectiveness and to guide future strategies. This was carried out by collecting the opinions of 130 selected government officials in charge of maintaining the spaces with the aid an interview guide. Findings – Analyses of the data revealed rich values of the landscapes and management strategies in favour of a public-private partnership. It recommends public open space transformation for recreational activities in cities as a vital means of enhancing urban living and city outlooks. Practical implications – The study concludes with formulation of sustainable management framework for the landscapes and argues in its favour. It thus has policy implications on the maintenance of urban open spaces that have undergone transition in Lagos and Nigeria at large. Originality/value – The study was carried out in May 2011. Its significance lies in its capacity of enhancing the quality of urban open spaces through appropriate policy formulation of management regimes.

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An Assessment of Environmental Policy Implications under the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor: A Perspective of Environmental Laws and Sustainable Development

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su132011223 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (20) ◽

pp. 11223

Author(s):

Mehran Idris Khan ◽

Qianxun Xu

Keyword(s):

Management Strategies ◽

Environmental Issues ◽

International Management ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Environmental Legislation ◽

Analytical Methodology ◽

Environmental Laws ◽

Mature Phase ◽

Global Concern

Environmental issues know no boundaries and are recognised as a matter of regional and/or global concern, and neighbouring countries have to face shared environmental effects. Environmental laws internationally, particularly in the last thirty years, have grown significantly and have contributed to environmental protection in a variety of national, regional and international management strategies. In recent years, environmental legislation has entered into a responsible and mature phase in several non-Western countries, particularly in Asia. The present study examines the shared environmental obligations of regional or neighbouring countries using China and Pakistan as a case study and provides references from international (environmental) laws as well as states’ best practices. This study adopts a well-defined analytical methodology to not only investigate the implications of environmental laws but also to define the gaps in the existing framework of environmental laws in the region and recommend appropriate grounds to systematically fill these gaps through much-needed legal cooperation before it is too late. The study provides a detailed analysis and pertinent knowledge horizons, and concludes that there is an abrupt need for China and Pakistan to revise their trade agreements and include the environment as an integral part of each mega-infrastructural activity, including the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. Most of the potential outcomes are already known but there is little academic discussion available concerning the perspective of cross-boundary environmental laws, and the present study intends to fill this gap.

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Potential of East African phosphate rock deposits in integrated nutrient management strategies

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ◽

10.1590/s0001-37652006000400012 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 78 (4) ◽

pp. 781-790 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Bashir Jama ◽

Peter Van Straaten

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Phosphate Rock ◽

Nutrient Management ◽

Phosphorus Deficiency ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Ammonium Citrate ◽

Management Approach ◽

Soil Fertility Management ◽

Western Kenya

Phosphorus deficiency affects around 80% of the acid soils of western Kenya, but fertilizer use is limited due to high prices. This paper explores the potential of local phosphate rocks (PR) as a remedy within the context on an integrated soil fertility management approach. A promising phosphate rock is Minjingu PR (MPR, Tanzania), a sedimentary/biogenic deposit which contains about 13% total P and 3% neutral ammonium citrate (NAC) soluble P. On-farm trials in P-deficient soils in western Kenya demonstrate MPR to be as effective as triple superphosphate (TSP, 20% P) at equal P rates. The benefits are most pronounced with the integration of agroforestry technologies that improve soil fertility. Besides Minjingu PR, Busumbu PR from Uganda (BPR) is potentially another source of P. It is typical of the abundant but unreactive igneous PRs in eastern, central and southern Africa. Agronomic performance of BPR is poorer, though its lower cost and location near to P-deficient areas in western Kenya make it attractive in some situations. The policy implications of these findings are discussed further in the paper.

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Emerging Issues in Groundwater Sustainability: New Challenges

Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Environmental Science ◽

10.1093/acrefore/9780199389414.013.697 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Encarna Esteban

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Groundwater Resources ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Freshwater Ecosystems ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Water Bodies ◽

Aquifer Recharge ◽

The Status ◽

Emerging Issues ◽

New Challenges

The increased pressure on groundwater has resulted in a major deterioration of the overall status of this resource. Despite efforts to control the degradation of underground water bodies, most aquifers worldwide experience serious quality and quantity problems. New emerging issues around groundwater resources have become relevant and pose additional protection and management challenges. Climate change, with predictable impacts on temperature and precipitation, will cause considerable fluctuations in aquifer recharge levels and subsequent problems in the status of these water bodies. Expected reductions in water availability will increase groundwater withdrawals not just for irrigation but also for urban and industrial water use. Declines in stored water will have an impact on many freshwater ecosystems whose survival depends on the status of groundwater bodies. Furthermore, land subsidence, as a side effect of aquifer overexploitation, involves land collapse and deformation that are especially harmful for urban areas and deteriorate physical and hydrological water systems. All these new challenges require integrated planning strategies and multisectorial solutions to curtail the deterioration of these resources. Although these issues have been studied, in-depth analyses of the economic, social, and policy implications of groundwater management strategies are still necessary.

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At-Home Management Strategies Adopted by Orthodontic Patients During COVID-19 Related Closure of Orthodontic Clinics

Journal of The Pakistan Dental Association ◽

10.25301/jpda.302.99 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (02) ◽

pp. 99-102

Author(s):

Hana Pervez ◽

◽

Maria Khadija Siddiqui ◽

Anam Sattar ◽

Hareem Sultan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Management Strategies ◽

Health Care Facilities ◽

Dental Services ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Home Management ◽

Care Facilities ◽

Orthodontic Patients ◽

Management Techniques ◽

Management Approaches ◽

At Home

OBJECTIVE: The vast spread of COVID-19 not only affected the major businesses of the world but also the health care facilities like dentistry. Due to the unprecedented closure of dental services, on-going orthodontic patients also suffered the brunt. The aim of this study was to assess the at-home management approaches used by the patients to tackle the complications associated with orthodontic treatment. METHODOLOGY: It was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study carried out from June 15 to September 15, 2020 in orthodontic OPD of Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi. A total of 300 orthodontic patients, 208 females and 92 males between ages from 15 to 35 years completed a questionnaire on the complications faced by them and management techniques adopted by them during COVID-19 related office closures. Convenient sampling method was used for data collection. RESULTS: The majority of patients reported in this study were females. Approximately 69.33% (n = 300) of the responders were females and 31% were males. The highest numbers of complications reported during the lockdown period were loose brackets, loose bands and poking of archwire. The most common at-home hack used was removing the loose bracket/ bands and cutting of free end of arch wire with nail cutter like instrument. CONCLUSION: It is the responsibility of the clinician to keep in touch with their patients during pandemic like situation through telemedicine portal. In case of emergencies, patients should be provided with an adequate amount of information to tackle any complications with ease and without hurting themselves. KEYWORDS: COVID-19, Pandemic, Orthodontic Emergencies

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Employees’ Attitude and Their Performance: A Study of Senior Staff University of Cape Coast

International Journal of Scientific Research and Management ◽

10.18535/ijsrm/v9i04.el01 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (04) ◽

pp. 1711-1719

Author(s):

Buah Soale ◽

Alhassan Mbawin Akudugu

Keyword(s):

Job Performance ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Partial Least Square Regression ◽

Ethical Behaviour ◽

Total Quality ◽

Cape Coast ◽

Senior Staff

How employees feel and behave in an organisation is very important in determining how they will perform any assigned task. As such, employee attitude has been at the centre stage of human resource management strategies as a means to improving their performance and commitment to their job and by extension the performance of the organisation. In this regard, this study examined the causality between the attitude and job performance of senior staff of University of Cape Coast. Due to the large number of staff and demands of the research objectives, a quantitative approach was adopted using a descriptive research design. A sample size of 308 was derived from a population of 1,532 using Krejcie and Morgan (1970). Questionnaire was used to randomly collect data from 308 senior staff. SPSS was used to code and capture the data besides performing factors analysis on the challenges that impede management’s ability to improve the attitude of senior staff. Smart PLS 3 was used to perform partial least square regression analysis on the link between attitude and performance of the staff. The results show that about 43% of changes in senior staff’s job performance can be attributed to changes in their attitude. Also, the attitude of the senior staff can predict about 26% of how they will perform their job. Stimulating innovations and change, improving ethical behaviour and total quality management are the main challenges that impedes management’s ability to improve the attitude of the senior staff in relation to their job performance. For policy implications management should also dedicate resources to mitigating jealousy among staff.

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Perceptions matter: how fishermen's perceptions affect trends of sustainability in Indian fisheries

Oryx ◽

10.1017/s0030605312001251 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 218-227 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Divya Karnad ◽

Mayuresh Gangal ◽

Krithi K. Karanth

Keyword(s):

Fisheries Management ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Policy Implications ◽

State Regulations ◽

Fish Stocks ◽

Government Incentives ◽

Fish Catch ◽

Fishing Area ◽

Fishing Regulations

AbstractIndian marine fisheries have expanded four-fold in the last 50 years in the form of open-access commons. Although studies predict that fish stocks are on the decline there is little evidence that these declines are being countered by changes in either fishing regulations or fishing practices. Fishermen rarely comply with regulations, instead operationalizing and directing the fishery on their own. In these circumstances understanding how fishermen perceive and use resources has significant management and policy implications. Our study examined fishermen's perceptions about the state of fish stocks and documents current fishing practice and management strategies in India. We surveyed 342 fishermen in two states, Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra. We found that 86% of fishermen perceived a decline in catch and 69% perceived a decline in bycatch. Fishermen adapt to these declines by increasing fishing area and time spent, changing their gear, and overlapping in fishing zones. The convoluted interactions between ineffective community and state regulations guiding their actions has prevented fishermen from developing successful models of sustainable fisheries management. We identified non-compliance with regulations and government incentives as an important livelihood opportunity. Non-compliance drives change in fishing practice by giving fishermen the flexibility to respond to perceived fish catch dynamics by modifying their practices. We recommend strengthening local fishing communities by enabling them to enforce fishing regulations locally and by scaling back of existing government incentives, to protect the sustainability of these fisheries.

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