Simulation analysis of thermal influential factors on crude oil temperature when double pipelines are laid in one ditch

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongjun Zhu ◽  
Xiaolu Yang ◽  
Jiajia Li ◽  
Na Li
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Influential Factors

Analysis of Climbing Obstacle Capability and its Influential Factors of Omni-Directional Wheeled Robot

2012 ◽  
Vol 591-593 ◽  
pp. 717-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Cheng Li ◽  
Huo Hong Tang ◽  
Bao Lin Feng ◽  
Lu Li
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Mechanics Model ◽  
Wheeled Robot ◽  
Obstacle Height

The perpendicular climbing obstacle capability of omni-directional wheeled robot was studied, based on simplified mechanics model. The relation between influential factors and perpendicular climbing obstacle height was given under two conditions: simultaneously climbing obstacle by two front wheels and simultaneously climbing obstacle by two rear wheels. Then maximum perpendicular climbing obstacle height of this omni-directional wheeled robot was calculated. Simulation analysis to the result by MATLAB was done. The simulation analysis gave theoretical foundation to the climbing obstacle capability of omni-directional wheeled robot.

scholarly journals Assessment of Freeze–Thaw Hazards and Water Features along the China–Russia Crude Oil Pipeline in Permafrost Regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 3576
Author(s):  
Mingtang Chai ◽  
Guoyu Li ◽  
Wei Ma ◽  
Yapeng Cao ◽  
Gang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Surface Flows ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Permafrost Regions

The China–Russia crude oil pipeline (CRCOP) traverses rivers, forests, and mountains over permafrost regions in northeastern China. Water accumulates beside the pipe embankment, which disturbs the hydrothermal balance of permafrost underlying the pipeline. Ground surface flows along the pipeline erode the pipe embankment, which threatens the CRCOP’s operational safety. Additionally, frost heave and thaw settlement can induce differential deformation of the pipes. Therefore, it is necessary to acquire the spatial distribution of water features along the CRCOP, and analyze the various hazard probabilities and their controlling factors. In this paper, information regarding the permafrost type, buried depth of the pipe, soil type, landforms, and vegetation were collected along the CRCOP every 2 km. Ponding and erosive damage caused by surface flows were measured via field investigations and remote sensing images. Two hundred and sixty-four pond sites were extracted from Landsat 8 images, in which the areas of 46.8% of the ponds were larger than 500 m2. Several influential factors related to freeze–thaw hazards and erosive damage were selected and put into a logistic regression model to determine their corresponding risk probabilities. The results reflected the distributions, and forecasted the occurrences, of freeze–thaw hazards and erosive damage. The sections of pipe with the highest risks of freeze–thaw and erosive damage accounted for 2.4% and 6.7%, respectively, of the pipeline. Permafrost type and the position where runoff encounters the pipeline were the dominant influences on the freeze–thaw hazards, while the runoff–pipe position, buried depth of the pipe, and landform types played a dominant role in erosive damage along the CRCOP. Combined with the geographic information system (GIS), field surveys, image interpretation and model calculations are effective methods for assessing the various hazards along the CRCOP in permafrost regions.

Determining bucket structures in pricing plans for private user cloud computing storage services

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 612-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten J. Gerpott ◽  
Sebastian May
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Average Price ◽  
Storage Unit ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lump Sum ◽  
Demand Heterogeneity ◽  
Tariff Structures ◽  
Tariff Structure

Purpose Providers of cloud computing storage services (CCSS) charge offers in several unit bundles for a lump sum per bundle. This non-linear pricing approach is known as a bucket-pricing plan (BPP). If a customer exploits the purchased bucket, he/she can opt for the next higher bucket or refrain from further CCSS use. CCSS suppliers are faced with an optimization problem concerning the number of buckets as well as their lower and upper storage volume boundaries. The purpose of this paper is to develop a model, which supports CCSS suppliers in deriving a BPP-structure and which maximizes their profit in varying market constellations. Design/methodology/approach The authors develop a multi-period model of tariff choice decisions of private customers of CCSS. The model is applied in Monte Carlo simulations to determine profit-maximal tariff structures as a function of different market characteristics such as median demand saturation, demand heterogeneity, average price per storage unit and bucket ceiling allocation (identical size of each bucket within the frame set by the lower and upper overall boundary, varying sizes of the buckets offered, so that the interval between two ceilings consecutively increases for subsequent buckets) and type of a customer’s utility function. Findings The simulation analysis suggests that demand heterogeneity and average price per unit are the most influential factors for CCSS tariff structure optimization. Price plans with more than two buckets tend to generate higher profits than simple schemes with two buckets only if demand heterogeneity is low and the average price per storage unit is high and/or median saturation level of customers is low. Originality/value Despite the popularity of BPP among providers of CCSS for consumers, there is a lack of scholarly modeling work on the profit implications of the number of buckets entailed in a scheme and the size/ceilings of the various buckets on offer. The model suggested in this paper is a first step toward narrowing this research gap.

scholarly journals Will Increasing Government Subsidies Promote Open Innovation? A Simulation Analysis of China’s Wind Power Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13497
Author(s):  
Wei Gao ◽  
Daojuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Cooperative Behavior ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Dynamic Game ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Mediating Role

Keeping open innovation both stable and sustainable can be difficult when it involves cooperation between large enterprises. Some empirical studies suggest that subsidy policies can play a positive role. This study addresses two key questions that follow from this observation: first, if the intensity of a subsidy policy is increased, can it play a greater role in strengthening the stability of cooperation between firms? Second, what other factors play a mediating role in this effect? Utilizing a dynamic game model, this paper analyses influential factors such as absorptive capacity, frequency of engagement and technical value on cooperative stability, and investigates the role of innovation policy in the process of cooperation through a random number-driven simulation. The findings indicate that only when the absorption capacity and technological value of both partners meet a certain threshold is the probability of positive cooperative behavior improved. Otherwise, increased subsidies tend to foster negative cooperative behavior instead.

Electromagnetic Simulation and Dynamic Analysis about the Electromagnetic Propelling System of Magnetic Suspension Launcher

2014 ◽  
Vol 599-601 ◽  
pp. 306-311
Author(s):  
Yun Sheng Zhang ◽  
Xiao Ning Chen ◽  
Li Yang Huang ◽  
Peng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Linear Motor ◽  
Electromagnetic Theory ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Magnetic Suspension ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Electromagnetic Simulation ◽  
Depth Study

Launcher is widely used in rescue and delivering items. On the basis of the electromagnetic theory, magnetic suspension principle and linear motor theory, we put forward the idea of magnetic suspension launcher. Through the theoretical research and simulation analysis, an in- depth study is also given to the distribution of the electromagnetic field and other influential factors concerning the propelling system, which provides the basis for the design of magnetic suspension launcher.

scholarly journals Influential factors in crude oil price forecasting

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 77-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Miao ◽  
Sanjay Ramchander ◽  
Tianyang Wang ◽  
Dongxiao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Price Forecasting ◽  
Crude Oil Price

Prediction of Wax Deposition of Crude Using Statistical and Neural Network Methods

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiyu Huang ◽  
Jun Ma
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Deposition Rate ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Wax Deposition ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
The Neural Network ◽  
Network Methods ◽  
Complicated Process ◽  
Rate Comparison

Prediction of wax deposition rate of crude oil using statistical and neural network methods is presented. Wax deposition in the pipeline is an important issue for crude oil transportation and is a complicated process. It depends on the dynamic viscosity of the crude oil, shear stress, temperature gradient, concentration gradient of wax molecules on the wall. By virtue of oil wax deposition data from laboratory experiments, we train the neural network to learn the non-linear relationship between the influential factors and the wax deposition rate. Comparison of prediction results from a linear regression model and the neural network model is carried out to examine the feasibility of using neural network methods to predict wax deposition.

How to Evaluate Remote Tower Metrics in Connection With Weather Observations

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maik Friedrich ◽  
Christoph Möhlenbrink
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Weather Event ◽  
Evaluation Of Performance ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Weather Observations ◽  
Validation Experiment ◽  
Remote Controller

Abstract. Owing to the different approaches for remote tower operation, a standardized set of indicators is needed to evaluate the technical implementations at a task performance level. One of the most influential factors for air traffic control is weather. This article describes the influence of weather metrics on remote tower operations and how to validate them against each other. Weather metrics are essential to the evaluation of different remote controller working positions. Therefore, weather metrics were identified as part of a validation at the Erfurt-Weimar Airport. Air traffic control officers observed weather events at the tower control working position and the remote control working position. The eight participating air traffic control officers answered time-synchronized questionnaires at both workplaces. The questionnaires addressed operationally relevant weather events in the aerodrome. The validation experiment targeted the air traffic control officer’s ability to categorize and judge the same weather event at different workplaces. The results show the potential of standardized indicators for the evaluation of performance and the importance of weather metrics in relation to other evaluation metrics.

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