Maternal obesity is the major risk factor for large-for-gestational-age infants in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes

The objective of this study was to examine academic delays for children born large for gestational age (LGA) and assess effect modification by maternal obesity and diabetes and then to characterize risks for LGA for those with a mediating condition. Cohort data were obtained from the New York City Longitudinal Study of Early Development, linking birth and educational records (n = 125,542). Logistic regression was used to compare children born LGA (>90th percentile) to those born appropriate weight (5–89th percentile) for risk of not meeting proficiency on assessments in the third grade and being referred to special education. Among children of women with gestational diabetes, children born LGA had an increased risk of underperforming in mathematics (ARR: 1.18 (95% CI: 1.07–1.31)) and for being referred for special education (ARR: 1.18 (95% CI: 1.02–1.37)). Children born LGA but of women who did not have gestational diabetes had a slightly decreased risk of academic underperformance (mathematics-ARR: 0.94 (95% CI: 0.90–0.97); Language arts-ARR: 0.96 (95% CI: 0.94–0.99)). Children born to women with gestational diabetes with an inadequate number of prenatal care visits were at increased risk of being born LGA, compared to those receiving extensive care (ARR: 1.67 (95% CI: 1.20–2.33)). Children born LGA of women with diabetes were at increased risk of delays; greater utilization of prenatal care among these diabetic women may decrease the incidence of LGA births.

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Maternal obesity is a major risk factor for large-for-gestational-infants in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes

Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics ◽

10.1007/s00404-008-0767-4 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 279 (4) ◽

pp. 539-543 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Avi Ben-Haroush ◽

Eran Hadar ◽

Rony Chen ◽

Moshe Hod ◽

Yariv Yogev

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Maternal Obesity ◽

Major Risk Factor

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Investigating the impact of altered maternal extracellular vesicle miRNAs on placental function in women with gestational diabetes complicated by large for gestational age infants

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.65.oc6.3 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Kate Timms ◽

Sarah J Cartland ◽

Panagiotis Ntostis ◽

Ponnusamy Saravanan ◽

Nigel Simpson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Extracellular Vesicle ◽

Large For Gestational Age ◽

Placental Function ◽

The Impact

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miR-1-3p and miR-133-3p are altered in maternal serum EVs and placenta in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes with large-for-gestational age babies

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.65.p349 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Margeurite Kennedy ◽

Sarah Cartland ◽

Ponnusamy Saravanan ◽

Nigel Simpson ◽

Eleanor Scott ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Maternal Serum ◽

Large For Gestational Age

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Exposure to Gestational Diabetes Is a Stronger Predictor of Dysmetabolic Traits in Children Than Size at Birth

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2018-02044 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 104 (5) ◽

pp. 1766-1776 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Freja Bach Kampmann ◽

Anne Cathrine Baun Thuesen ◽

Line Hjort ◽

Sjurdur Frodi Olsen ◽

Sara Monteiro Pires ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Metabolic Profile ◽

Large For Gestational Age ◽

Independent Effect ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Childhood And Adolescence ◽

Size At Birth ◽

Cardiometabolic Traits

Abstract Context and Objective Being born small or large for gestational age and intrauterine exposure to gestational diabetes (GDM) increase the risk of type 2 diabetes in the offspring. However, the potential combined deleterious effects of size at birth and GDM exposure remains unknown. We examined the independent effect of size at birth and the influence of GDM exposure in utero on cardiometabolic traits, body composition, and puberty status in children. Design, Participants, and Methods The present study was a longitudinal birth cohort study. We used clinical data from 490 offspring of mothers with GDM and 527 control offspring aged 9 to 16 years, born singleton at term from the Danish National Birth Cohort with available birthweight data. Results We found no evidence of a U-shaped association between size at birth (expressed as birthweight, sex, and gestational age adjusted z-score) and cardiometabolic traits. Body size in childhood and adolescence reflected the size at birth but was not reflected in any metabolic outcome. No synergistic adverse effect of being born small or large for gestational age and exposure to GDM was shown. However, GDM was associated with an adverse metabolic profile and earlier onset of female puberty in childhood and adolescence independently of size at birth. Conclusion In childhood and adolescence, we found GDM was a stronger predictor of dysmetabolic traits than size at birth. The combination of being born small or large and exposed to GDM does not exacerbate the metabolic profile in the offspring.

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