Preterm birth after in-utero spina bifida repair: outcomes and risk factors

Abstract Background Neonatal asphyxia (NA) is associated with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, cerebral palsy and neonatal death. Risk factors for NA have been identified as maternal hypertension, premature birth and anemia. While the effect of maternal fasting plasm glucose (FPG) in the second trimester of pregnancy on NA remains unclear. Method Retrospective data from 9661 singleton newborns and mothers were analyzed from January 2016 to July 2018 in Tongzhou district, Beijing. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the risk factors of NA, adjusted for gestational hypertension, triglyceride in the second trimester of pregnancy, fetal distress in utero and preterm birth. Results Of the 9,661 newborns, 26 (2.7‰) were diagnosed with neonatal death (Apgar score 1min = 0) and 52 (5.4‰) with varying degrees of asphyxia (Apgar score 1min = 1 to 6). The asphyxia group showed lower FPG [asphyxia group vs non-asphyxia group, 4.5±0.4 vs 4.8±0.5 mmol/L, P<.01], higher triglyceride level (asphyxia group vs non-asphyxia group, 3.0±1.3 vs 2.5±1.9 mmol/L P<.01) in the second trimester, higher rates of gestational hypertension, fetal distress in utero, preterm birth than the non-asphyxia group (P<.05). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that lower FPG in the second trimester was an independent risk factor of NA [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 0.26; 95% CI 0.08 to 0.80]. Conclusion Pregnant women with low fasting glucose in the second trimester of pregnancy are at increased risk of birth asphyxia in their offspring.

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Preterm Birth and Disruptive Cerebellar Development: Assessment of Perinatal Risk Factors

Zeitschrift für Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie ◽

10.1055/s-2006-943143 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 210 (S 5) ◽

Author(s):

A Messerschmidt ◽

D Prayer ◽

PC Brugger ◽

G Zoder ◽

W Sterniste ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Cerebellar Development ◽

Perinatal Risk Factors ◽

Perinatal Risk ◽

Development Assessment

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Prevention of Preterm Birth

Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research ◽

10.2478/jbcr-2018-0013 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 95-104

Author(s):

Ivan D. Ivanov ◽

Stefan A. Buzalov ◽

Nadezhda H. Hinkova

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

High Risk ◽

Medical Science ◽

Secondary Prophylaxis ◽

High Risk Group ◽

Screening Methods ◽

Perinatal Complications ◽

Social Significance ◽

Neonatal Deaths

Summary Preterm birth (PTB) is a worldwide problem with great social significance because it is a leading cause of perinatal complications and perinatal mortality. PTB is responsible for more than a half of neonatal deaths. The rate of preterm delivery varies between 5-18% worldwide and has not decreased in recent years, regardless of the development of medical science. One of the leading causes for that is the failure to identify the high-risk group in prenatal care. PTB is a heterogeneous syndrome in which many different factors interfere at different levels of the pathogenesis of the initiation of delivery, finally resulting in delivery before 37 weeks of gestation (wg). The various specificities of risk factors and the unclear mechanism of initiation of labour make it difficult to elaborate standard, unified and effective screening to diagnose pregnant women at high-risk for PTB correctly. Furthermore, they make primary and secondary prophylaxis less effective and render diagnostic and therapeutic measures ineffective and inappropriate. Reliable and accessible screening methods are necessary for antenatal care, and risk factors for PTB should be studied and clarified in search of useful tools to solve issues of risk pregnancies to decrease PTB rates and associated complications.

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Prevalence and risk factors associated with preterm birth in India: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Authorea ◽

10.22541/au.158758076.65534162 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Thangjam Devi ◽

Huidrom Singh

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Factors Associated

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Preterm Delivery; Who Is at Risk?

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10112279 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 2279

Author(s):

Dvora Kluwgant ◽

Tamar Wainstock ◽

Eyal Sheiner ◽

Gali Pariente

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Prenatal Care ◽

Recurrent Pregnancy Loss ◽

Placental Abruption ◽

Placenta Previa ◽

Population Based ◽

Perinatal Morbidity ◽

Multiple Gestations ◽

Extremely Preterm

Preterm birth (PTB) is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Adverse effects of preterm birth have a direct correlation with the degree of prematurity, in which infants who are born extremely preterm (24–28 weeks gestation) have the worst outcomes. We sought to determine prominent risk factors for extreme PTB and whether these factors varied between various sub-populations with known risk factors such as previous PTB and multiple gestations. A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted. Risk factors were examined in cases of extreme PTB in the general population, as well as various sub-groups: singleton and multiple gestations, women with a previous PTB, and women with indicated or induced PTB. A total of 334,415 deliveries were included, of which 1155 (0.35%) were in the extreme PTB group. Placenta previa (OR = 5.8, 95%CI 4.14–8.34, p < 0.001), multiple gestations (OR = 7.7, 95% CI 6.58–9.04, p < 0.001), and placental abruption (OR = 20.6, 95%CI 17.00–24.96, p < 0.001) were the strongest risk factors for extreme PTB. In sub-populations (multiple gestations, women with previous PTB and indicated PTBs), risk factors included placental abruption and previa, lack of prenatal care, and recurrent pregnancy loss. Singleton extreme PTB risk factors included nulliparity, lack of prenatal care, and placental abruption. Placental abruption was the strongest risk factor for extreme preterm birth in all groups, and risk factors did not differ significantly between sub-populations.

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Parental metal exposures as potential risk factors for spina bifida in Bangladesh

Environment International ◽

10.1016/j.envint.2021.106800 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 157 ◽

pp. 106800

Author(s):

Gwen Tindula ◽

Sudipta Kumer Mukherjee ◽

Sheikh Muhammad Ekramullah ◽

D.M. Arman ◽

Subrata Kumar Biswas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Spina Bifida ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Potential Risk Factors

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Association between Genetic Variants in NOS2 and TNF Genes with Congenital Zika Syndrome and Severe Microcephaly

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13020325 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 325

Author(s):

Julia A. Gomes ◽

Eduarda Sgarioni ◽

Juliano A. Boquett ◽

Ana Cláudia P. Terças-Trettel ◽

Juliana H. da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Zika Virus ◽

Genetic Variants ◽

Educational Level ◽

Congenital Anomalies ◽

Family Income ◽

First Trimester ◽

In Utero ◽

Zikv Infection ◽

Congenital Zika Syndrome

Zika virus (ZIKV) causes Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) in individuals exposed prenatally. Here, we investigated polymorphisms in VEGFA, PTGS2, NOS3, TNF, and NOS2 genes as risk factors to CZS. Forty children with CZS and forty-eight children who were in utero exposed to ZIKV infection, but born without congenital anomalies, were evaluated. Children with CZS were predominantly infected by ZIKV in the first trimester (p < 0.001) and had mothers with lower educational level (p < 0.001) and family income (p < 0.001). We found higher risk of CZS due the allele rs2297518[A] of NOS2 (OR = 2.28, CI 95% 1.17–4.50, p = 0.015). T allele and TT/CT genotypes of the TNF rs1799724 and haplotypes associated with higher expression of TNF were more prevalent in children with CZS and severe microcephaly (p = 0.029, p = 0.041 and p = 0.030, respectively). Our findings showed higher risk of CZS due ZIKV infection in the first trimester and suggested that polymorphisms in NOS2 and TNF genes affect the risk of CZS and severe microcephaly.

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Magnitude of spontaneous preterm birth and its associated factors among preterm birth in NICU wards in Asella Teaching and Referral Hospital, Asella, Oromia, Ethiopia

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/03000605211034693 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (8) ◽

pp. 030006052110346

Author(s):

Techane Sisay Tuji ◽

Addisu Dabi Wake ◽

Gezahegn Badeg Adere ◽

Aselefu Beka Wedajo ◽

Batu Dekeba Obole ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Spontaneous Preterm Birth ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Bivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Objective To assess the prevalence of spontaneous preterm births and to identify the associated risk factors. Methods This single-centre cross-sectional study enrolled women that experienced a preterm birth as registered on the neonatal log-book between 30 December 2019 and 30 December 2020. A pre-tested structured checklist was used to collect data (sociodemographic characteristics; obstetric-related factors; medical history; and pregnancy-related factors). Bivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to identify factors associated with spontaneous preterm birth. A multivariate model identified significant independent risk factors. Results A total of 310 patients participated in the study. The prevalence of spontaneous preterm birth in this population was 67.1% (208 of 310; 95% confidence interval [CI] 61.5, 71.9). Patients without a partner (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.470, 95% CI 1.23, 4.42), patients residing in a rural area (AOR = 2.51, 95% CI 1.123, 5.513) and those with a history of PIH during their current pregnancy (AOR = 0.104, 95% CI 0.053, 0.014) were significantly more likely to have a spontaneous preterm birth. Conclusion The prevalence of spontaneous preterm birth in in this study was high. Healthcare providers and all stakeholders should focus on screening pregnant women at the risk of spontaneous preterm birth.

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