Risk factors for renal failure among 72 consecutive patients with rhabdomyolysis related to illicit drug use

2004 ◽  
Vol 117 (8) ◽  
pp. 607-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek M. Fine ◽  
Allan C. Gelber, ◽  
Michal L. Melamed ◽  
Janice C. Lin ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
...  
1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-75
Author(s):  
A.J. Vaughn ◽  
R.P. Carzoli ◽  
L. Sanchez-Ramos ◽  
S. Murphy ◽  
N. Khan ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (8_suppl) ◽  
pp. 48S-56S
Author(s):  
Wan Shakira Rodzlan Hasani ◽  
Jane Ling Miaw Yn ◽  
Thamil Arasu Saminathan ◽  
Tania Gayle Robert Lourdes ◽  
Rushidi Ramly ◽  
...  

This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of illicit drug use and its associated factors among male adolescents in Malaysia. Data of 13 135 adolescents were extracted from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2017, a cross-sectional survey among school-going adolescents in Malaysia aged between 13 and 17 years, using a 2-stage stratified cluster sampling. A complex sample design analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis were applied. The overall prevalence of lifetime illicit drug use among male adolescents was 6.6%. The multivariable model showed that illicit drug use among male adolescents were associated with younger age, rural school area, marital status of parent, current smoker, ever having sex, truancy, involved in physical fight, and lack of peer support. The findings from this study can assist community and relevant authorities in their efforts to combat illicit drug usage among adolescents using intervention programs that diminishes risk factors and enhances the protective factors.


1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Kandel ◽  
Ora Simcha-Fagan ◽  
Mark Davies

This study examines the interrelationships and predictors of involvement in delinquent activities and illicit drug use over a nine-year interval, from adolescence (age 15–16) to young adulthood (age 24–25) in a cohort representative of adolescents formerly enrolled in grades 10 and 11 in public secondary schools in New York State (N =1,004). Persistence of illicit drug use in this period of the life-cycle is greater than for delinquency and is higher among men than among women. Convergences and divergences in intrapersonal and interpersonal predictors of drug use and delinquency are analyzed. Adult illicit drug use is much better predicted by adolescent illicit drug use, especially among men. Among women, early drug use predicts later delinquent behavior. However, illicit drug use in the period from adolescence to early adulthood selectively predicts adult participation in one type of delinquent behavior, namely theft, among men and women, but has no effect on interpersonal aggression. Different risk factors in adolescence other than drug use predict continued delinquent involvement among men and women. In particular, depression plays an important role for women and family factors for men. Lifestyle factors subsequent to adolescence, especially failure to enter the conventional roles of adulthood, such as marriage and continuous employment, are important predictors of continued illicit drug use in adulthood but not of delinquency. Delinquency among males and illicit drug use among females appear to be subject to common etiological factors and may play similar roles in the lives of young people. Convergence between the findings and results reported by others are discussed.


2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Boden ◽  
David M. Fergusson ◽  
L. John Horwood

Objective: To describe the patterns of illicit drug use in a birth cohort studied to the age of 25 years. Method: The data were gathered during the Christchurch Health and Development Study. In this study a cohort of 1265 children born in the Christchurch, New Zealand urban region in mid-1977 have been studied to the age of 25 years. Information was gathered on patterns of illicit drug use and dependence during the period 15–25 years. Results: By age 25 years, 76.7% of the cohort had used cannabis, while 43.5% had used other illicit drugs on at least one occasion. In addition, 12.5% of the cohort met DSM-IV criteria for dependence on cannabis, and 3.6% of the cohortmet criteria for dependence on other illicit drugs at some time by age 25. There was also evidence of substantial poly-drug use among the cohort, with hallucinogens and amphetamines being the most commonly used illicit drugs (excluding cannabis). Illicit drug use and dependence was higher in males, in Māori, and in those leaving school without qualifications. Key risk factors for illicit drug use and dependence included adolescent risk-taking behaviours including cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption, affiliation with substance-using peers, novelty-seeking, and conduct problems in adolescence. Other key risk factors included parental history of illicit drug use and childhood sexual abuse. Conclusions: Levels of cumulative illicit drug use in this cohort were relatively high, with the majority of respondents having tried illicit drugs by age 25. For the majority of illicit drug users, drug use did not lead to problems of dependence. Nonetheless, nearly 15% of the cohort showed symptoms of illicit drug dependence by the age of 25 years, with cannabis dependence accounting for the majority of illicit drug dependence.


2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 659-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian T. Wymbs ◽  
Anne E. Dawson ◽  
Julie A. Suhr ◽  
Nora Bunford ◽  
Christine A. Gidycz

Preliminary evidence underscores links between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration and victimization. However, little is known about whether ADHD symptoms are uniquely associated with IPV perpetration and victimization beyond well-established risk factors of IPV commonly associated with the disorder. In a cross-sectional design, 433 college students rated their ADHD symptoms as well as frequencies of psychological and physical IPV perpetration and victimization. Additional risk factors of IPV included childhood maltreatment, primary psychopathy, alcohol abuse, and illicit drug use. Correlational analyses indicated that students with greater ADHD symptom severity reported higher rates of psychological and physical IPV perpetration, and higher rates of psychological IPV victimization. Regression analyses indicated that ADHD symptoms were not additive risk factors of psychological IPV perpetration and victimization. Students reporting any alcohol abuse or illicit drug use endorsed high rates of psychological IPV perpetration and victimization, regardless of their level of ADHD symptoms. However, students who reported no alcohol abuse or drug use, but did report greater ADHD symptom severity—particularly inattention, indicated higher rates of psychological IPV perpetration and victimization than those reporting no alcohol abuse or drug use and low ADHD symptoms. These findings extend prior research by indicating that alcohol abuse and illicit drug use moderate associations between ADHD symptoms and psychological IPV perpetration and victimization. Investigations are needed to identify mechanisms of the association between ADHD symptoms and IPV perpetration and victimization, particularly those abusing alcohol and drugs, for appropriate prevention and intervention efforts to be developed.


2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Adriana Modesto ◽  
Kristen Pelczar ◽  
Deborah Studen-Pavlovich ◽  
Aaron M. Valasek ◽  
Zachary Mills ◽  
...  

Aim: The objective of the study was to investigate if there was a relationship between high risk behaviors among adolescents and orofacial trauma. Material and Methods: The study used a cross-sectional retrospective design with data collected from electronic health records of over 4,000 patients treated in the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at the University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine from May 2009 through September 2013. This study was approved by the University of Pittsburgh Institutional Review Board. Risk factors for trauma were obtained from each patient’s medical and social history and included tobacco, alcohol and illicit drug use, tattoos, piercings, and mouthguard use during sports. Outcome measures used were history of broken bones or orofacial trauma. The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of each risk factor in increasing risk for trauma outcomes were calculated. Chi-square tests were also performed with an alpha of 0.05. Results and Conclusions: A total of 2,609 patients were included in this study. Males (N=1,340) had statistically more often orofacial trauma than females, and were statistically more often exposed to all risk factors (tobacco, alcohol and illicit drug use, tattoos, and physical altercations) than females with the exception of using piercings in body parts other than the ears and not wearing mouthguard for sports. Wearing mouthguard for sports decreased in 50% the risk of orofacial trauma (OR=0.53; 95% CI 0.42-0.68; p=0.00000001). Tobacco use and physical altercations increased the chance of broken bone, fractured tooth, and orofacial trauma in 2-fold (smoking, OR=1.85-2.28, 95% CI 1.3-2.96; physical altercations, OR=1.9-2.34; p=0.0005). Drinking and using illicit drugs increased the risk of broken bone (OR=1.9, 95% CI 1.37- 2.64; p=0.0001). Use of mouthguards for sports dramatically reduced the risk of orofacial trauma. Tobacco, alcohol and illicit drug use, and getting into physical altercations increased the risk of orofacial trauma.


2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew T. Schramm ◽  
Suzanne C. Swan ◽  
Mary N. Lambdin ◽  
Bonnie S. Fisher ◽  
Ann L. Coker ◽  
...  

Drugging (i.e., administering someone a drug or alcohol without their knowledge or consent) is a problem with substantial consequences for college students. Although sexual minorities face greater rates of drugging risk factors (e.g., greater rates of binge drinking have been identified among sexual minorities), no prior study has examined the prevalence or risk of drugging in this population. We sought to (1) describe rates at which heterosexual and sexual minority college students (separated by gender) have been drugged and to assess (2) sexual minority status and (3) illicit drug use as risk factors for drugging victimization for male and female college students. Results revealed that, controlling for established drugging victimization risk factors, male sexual minority college students were 72.9% more likely to report drugging victimization than heterosexual males. No significant differences in rates of drugging victimization were found between sexual minority and heterosexual women. However, both genders had greater drugging victimization among students who engaged in illicit drug use, binge drinking, and Greek life membership. These findings suggest that initiatives to promote the well-being of college students (e.g., sexual assault prevention) should include drugging as a focus, with outreach particularly to women and sexual minority men.


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