African elephant vocal communication II: rumble variation reflects the individual identity and emotional state of callers

The problem of identity is an issue of contemporary society that is not only expressed in daily life concerns but also in discourses of politics and social movements. Nevertheless, the I and the needs of self-fulfillment usually are taken for granted. This paper offers thoughts regarding individual identity based on Niklas Luhmann’s systems theory. From this perspective, identity is not observed as a thing or as a subject, but rather as a “selfillusion” of a system of consciousness, which differentiates itself from the world, event after event, in a contingent way. As concerns the definition of contents of self-identity, the structures of social systems define who is a person, how he or she should act, and how much esteem he or she should receive. These structures are adopted by consciousness as its own identity structures; however, some social contexts are more relevant for self-identity construction than others. Moral communication increases the probability that structure appropriation takes place, since the emotional element of identity is linked to the esteem/misesteem received by the individual from the interactions in which he or she participates.

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Individual Differences in the Vocal Communication of Malayan Tapirs (Tapirus indicus) Considering Familiarity and Relatedness

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11041026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1026

Author(s):

Robin Walb ◽

Lorenzo von Fersen ◽

Theo Meijer ◽

Kurt Hammerschmidt

Keyword(s):

Individual Differences ◽

Vocal Communication ◽

Social Role ◽

Animal Communication ◽

Solitary Living ◽

Low Visibility ◽

Living Species ◽

The Individual ◽

Tapirus Indicus

Studies in animal communication have shown that many species have individual distinct calls. These individual distinct vocalizations can play an important role in animal communication because they can carry important information about the age, sex, personality, or social role of the signaler. Although we have good knowledge regarding the importance of individual vocalization in social living mammals, it is less clear to what extent solitary living mammals possess individual distinct vocalizations. We recorded and analyzed the vocalizations of 14 captive adult Malayan tapirs (Tapirus indicus) (six females and eight males) to answer this question. We investigated whether familiarity or relatedness had an influence on call similarity. In addition to sex-related differences, we found significant differences between all subjects, comparable to the individual differences found in highly social living species. Surprisingly, kinship appeared to have no influence on call similarity, whereas familiar subjects exhibited significantly higher similarity in their harmonic calls compared to unfamiliar or related subjects. The results support the view that solitary animals could have individual distinct calls, like highly social animals. Therefore, it is likely that non-social factors, like low visibility, could have an influence on call individuality. The increasing knowledge of their behavior will help to protect this endangered species.

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PRAGMATIC POTENTIAL OF AUTHOR’S AND TRANSFORMED PHRASEOLOGIES IN THE WORK OF CARLOS RUIZ ZAFÓN «THE PRISONER OF HEAVEN»

Linguistic and Conceptual Views of the World ◽

10.17721/2520-6397.2021.1.02 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 18-28

Author(s):

A. Yu. Bovsunivska A. Yu.

Keyword(s):

Emotional State ◽

Spanish Language ◽

The Novel ◽

Unique Combination ◽

Textual Space ◽

Different Types ◽

General Linguistic ◽

The Individual ◽

Pragmatic Aspects ◽

Individual Style

The article is devoted to the study of pragmatic aspects of the use of phraseology in the textual space of Carlos Ruiz Safón’s novel «Prisoner of Heaven». One of the defining features of the individual style of this well-known modern Spanish writer is the metaphoricity and figuration of aristic expression, the saturation of the text with phraseological units that play a significant role in creating a pragmatic charge of the work of art. Along with general linguistic phraseological units, which include commonly-used vocabulary, the author uses dialectal and authorial phraseological units, which is a feature of his individual style. All three designated groups of phraseological units mostly reflect the negative psychophysical and emotional state of the characters. The author uses dialectal, individually-authorial and modified phraseological units, which is a feature of his individual style. It is determined that transformation is one of the most productive and most effective ways to update linguistic means in works of art. Author’s modification of FU leads to a change in the semantics and structure of expression, gives it a more expressive or emotional coloring. Transformed phraseology is limited to individual usage and is subject to the context of the work. Modified FUs in the Zafón’s artistic space acquire certain aesthetic and artistic qualities. Their modification is mainly to create the desired stylistic effect – to achieve emotional or expressive expression, which increases the reader’s interest, focuses on the content, issues of the work, as well as reveals the potential expressive potential of the Spanish language. In the transformed FUs, not just a new meaning is traced, but a combination of the well-known and the occasional. The unique combination of different types of phraseological units in the novel is considered a manifestation of individual style and makes a representation of the individually-authorial linguistic picture of the world more expressive.

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African elephant vocal communication I: antiphonal calling behaviour among affiliated females

Animal Behaviour ◽

10.1016/j.anbehav.2004.11.015 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 70 (3) ◽

pp. 579-587 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

Joseph Soltis ◽

Kirsten Leong ◽

Anne Savage

Keyword(s):

Vocal Communication ◽

African Elephant ◽

Calling Behaviour ◽

Antiphonal Calling

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FBSEM: A Novel Feature-Based Stacked Ensemble Method for Sentiment Analysis

International Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science ◽

10.5815/ijitcs.2020.06.02 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 11-22

Author(s):

Yasin Görmez ◽

◽

Yunus E. Işık ◽

Mustafa Temiz ◽

Zafer Aydın

Keyword(s):

Sentiment Analysis ◽

Cross Validation ◽

Emotional State ◽

Ensemble Methods ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Error Rates ◽

Ensemble Method ◽

Learning Tasks ◽

Feature Based ◽

The Individual

Sentiment analysis is the process of determining the attitude or the emotional state of a text automatically. Many algorithms are proposed for this task including ensemble methods, which have the potential to decrease error rates of the individual base learners considerably. In many machine learning tasks and especially in sentiment analysis, extracting informative features is as important as developing sophisticated classifiers. In this study, a stacked ensemble method is proposed for sentiment analysis, which systematically combines six feature extraction methods and three classifiers. The proposed method obtains cross-validation accuracies of 89.6%, 90.7% and 67.2% on large movie, Turkish movie and SemEval-2017 datasets, respectively, outperforming the other classifiers. The accuracy improvements are shown to be statistically significant at the 99% confidence level by performing a Z-test.

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Web Application for Emotion-based Music Player

International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology ◽

10.22214/ijraset.2021.39143 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 11-14

Author(s):

Kamal Naina Soni

Keyword(s):

Computer Vision ◽

Human Brain ◽

Facial Expressions ◽

Web Application ◽

Emotional State ◽

Current State ◽

The Face ◽

Current Mood ◽

The Individual ◽

Music Player

Abstract: Human expressions play an important role in the extraction of an individual's emotional state. It helps in determining the current state and mood of an individual, extracting and understanding the emotion that an individual has based on various features of the face such as eyes, cheeks, forehead, or even through the curve of the smile. A survey confirmed that people use Music as a form of expression. They often relate to a particular piece of music according to their emotions. Considering these aspects of how music impacts a part of the human brain and body, our project will deal with extracting the user’s facial expressions and features to determine the current mood of the user. Once the emotion is detected, a playlist of songs suitable to the mood of the user will be presented to the user. This can be a big help to alleviate the mood or simply calm the individual and can also get quicker song according to the mood, saving time from looking up different songs and parallel developing a software that can be used anywhere with the help of providing the functionality of playing music according to the emotion detected. Keywords: Music, Emotion recognition, Categorization, Recommendations, Computer vision, Camera

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Get It Together

Reading in the Dark ◽

10.14325/mississippi/9781496806444.003.0007 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Nick Levey ◽

Holly Harper

Keyword(s):

Young Adult ◽

Group Dynamics ◽

Peer Groups ◽

Close Encounter ◽

Individual Identity ◽

Group Consciousness ◽

Adult Readers ◽

Older Adolescents ◽

The Individual

This essay begins fittingly with the line “If there’s one thing you can depend upon during the zombie apocalypse, it’s that you won’t have to face it alone.” In this essay, Levey and Harper examine the importance of group dynamics in contemporary teen novels that concentrate on surviving zombie invasions. Focusing on two recently published horror novels popular among teens, Charlie Higson’s The Enemy and Michael Grant’s Gone, Levey and Harper examine the “considerations of group consciousness and democratic dynamics” in the texts, noting that such attention to the group is a departure from previous teen novels that had focused more on negotiations of individual identity (this also marks a difference from the novels McCort examines, suggesting the different approach toward identity taken by those writing for older adolescents). For Levey and Harper, the importance of these particular novels and their treatment of the individual in relation to the group is twofold: they ask the characters therein to work through personal issues that are detrimental to the survival of the group and they call for social re-evaluation. In the worlds of The Enemy and Gone, young adult readers experience a close encounter with monstrous humanity, one that allows them to vicariously experience how others deal with threats external to their circles, as well as the threats that lie within themselves and their own peer groups.

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The Architecture and Early Findings of a Working SMS-Based System for Individuals with Mild to Moderate Depression

Information Systems and Technologies for Enhancing Health and Social Care ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-3667-5.ch002 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 20-32

Author(s):

Elizabeth M. LaRue ◽

Hassan A. Karimi ◽

Ann M. Mitchell ◽

Joy Y. Zang

Keyword(s):

Health Care Professionals ◽

Emotional State ◽

Mental Health Disorders ◽

Emotional Reaction ◽

Text Messages ◽

Mobile Technologies ◽

The World ◽

Health Disorders ◽

The Individual

Depression is one of the leading mental health disorders in the world. With an exponential rate of growth, the disease will soon surpass the ability of health care professionals to monitor and treat individuals. The use of mobile technologies offers new insights into disease progression, real-time emotional reaction data collection, and care in vivo. This chapter describes the architecture of a software system that continuously monitors an individual’s emotional state through SMS and responds to the individual with supportive text messages. Along with early findings from the working system, the development of the emotional state queries and responses is described.

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