scholarly journals Effects of dietary supplementation with essential oils and protease on growth performance, antioxidation, inflammation and intestinal function of weaned pigs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xie Peng ◽  
Qiang Zhou ◽  
Cheng Wu ◽  
Jian Zhao ◽  
Quan Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Intestinal Function ◽  
Weaned Pigs

scholarly journals Effect of dietary supplementation with essential oils and a Bacillus probiotic on growth performance, diarrhoea and blood metabolites in weaned pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. F. Tan ◽  
T. Lim ◽  
W. Boontiam
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Urea Nitrogen

Context Dietary supplementation of essential oils or in combination with a Bacillus probiotic was investigated as an antibiotic growth promoter for weaned pigs. Aims To evaluate the effect of essential oils (i.e. thymol and carvacrol mixture) or in combination with a probiotic strain (i.e. Bacillus subtilis PB6) on the growth performance, diarrhoea incidence, ammonia emission and serological profiles of weaned pigs. Methods A total of 96 crossbred ([Yorkshire × Landrace] × Duroc) weaned pigs were randomly allotted to one of six treatments based on sex and initial bodyweight. Each group was distributed into four replicates with four pigs each according to a randomised complete block design. The treatments were: (i) positive control, basal diet supplemented with colistin 150 g/tonne and amoxicillin 200 g/tonne; (ii) negative control, basal diet without supplementation; (iii) T3, basal diet supplemented with essential oils 300 g/tonne; (iv) T4, basal diet supplemented with essential oils 600 g/tonne; (v) T5, basal diet supplemented with essential oils 1000 g/tonne; and (vi) T6, basal diet supplemented with essential oils 300 g/tonne diet and Bacillus probiotics 1000 g/tonne. Key results The piglets fed with supplements had a significantly higher average daily gain and lower incidence of diarrhoea than the piglets in the negative control (P = 0.001). Feeding the essential oils alone or in combination with probiotics significantly reduced faecal ammonia emission (P = 0.027) and blood urea nitrogen (P = 0.039), while markedly increasing the serum immunoglobulin G concentration of weaned pigs compared with the negative control treatment (P = 0.014). The difference in time of blood collection had significant effects on blood urea nitrogen and immunoglobulins (P = 0.001). However, no significant differences emerged in average daily feed intake, gain: feed ratio, feed efficiency and antibody against swine fever among the treatments. Conclusions Diet supplementation with essential oils or in combination with probiotics improved growth performance and immunity, and lowered ammonia emissions and diarrhoea incidence of weaned pigs. Implications These findings provide a basis for the application of phytogenic compounds and probiotics as antibiotic growth promoter alternatives in post-weaning diets for pigs.

scholarly journals Effects of Fermented Feed on the Growth Performance, Intestinal Function and Microbiota of Piglets Weaned at Different Age

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Liu ◽  
Yunxia Xiong ◽  
Jingping Chen ◽  
Hao Xiao ◽  
Qiwen Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Function ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Fermented Feed

Abstract BACKGROUND: The beneficial function of fermented feed in livestock industry has been widely investigated. However, little is known about the effects of fermented feed on different weaned-day piglets. This study aimed to investigate the effects of fermented diet on the growth performance, intestinal function and microbiota of piglets weaned at age of 21 days and 28 days.RESULTS: The results found that weaning on d 21 significantly increased (P < 0.05) ADG, and ADFI (calculated based on wet weight and dry matter), while reduced (P < 0.05) F: G, the activities of trypsin and lipase of jejunum and villus height of ileum, compared with 28-d weaning. The protein levels of Occludin, Claudin-1, ZO-1 of ileum in the groups weaning on d 21 were less (P < 0.05) than the groups weaning on d 28. Moreover, dietary supplementation with fermented diet upregulated (P < 0.05) Occludin, Claudin-1, ZO-1 proteins of ileum, compared with the groups treated with control diet both weaning on d 21 and d 28. In addition, dietary supplementation with fermented diet decreased (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Clostridia (class) and increased (P < 0.05) Bacteroidia (class) level of cecal microbiota, compared with the groups treated with control diet both weaning on d 21 and d 28. However, supplementation with fermented diet did not affect the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids in the cecum (P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: Therefore, our data suggest that feed digestibility is improved in piglets weaned at 21 days, but intestinal barrier function is weaker than in piglets weaned at 28 days. However, compared with feeding control diet, supplementation with fermented diet both improved feed conversion and intestinal barrier function of weaned piglets by modulating intestinal microbiota.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary supplementation of xylanase in a wheat-based diet containing canola meal on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, organ weight, and short-chain fatty acid concentration in digesta when fed to weaned pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo A Mejicanos ◽  
Gemma González-Ortiz ◽  
Charles Martin Nyachoti
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Organ Weight ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Main Factors

Abstract This study was designed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation of xylanase on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, organ weight, digesta pH, and concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) of weaned pigs fed wheat–canola meal (CM) diets over a 35-d period. A total of 144 piglets (72 barrows and 72 gilts) weaned at 18 ± 2 d of age, with initial body weight (BW) of 6.2 ± 0.7 kg, received one of eight dietary treatments based on randomized complete block design. BW and feed intake were recorded weekly to calculate average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed efficiency (G:F). Treatments consisted of a control wheat–soybean meal-based diet and wheat-regular (RCM), dehulled (DCM), or coarse CM (CCM) without and with 16,000 BXU/kg xylanase (Econase XT). All diets contained 500 FTU/kg of phytase (Quantum Blue 5G) and titanium dioxide (0.3%). Apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), crude protein (CP), phosphorous (P), calcium (Ca), dry matter, and diet were determined. On day 35, one pig per pen was euthanized to evaluate the main factors of protein, xylanase supplementation, and sex on organ weight, ileal and colon digesta pH, and colon digesta concentrations of SCFA. The main factors did not affect growth performance. Xylanase supplementation improved nutrient digestibilities in all diets and increased ileal and colonic digesta pH without affecting the growth performance of weaned pigs fed wheat and CM-based diets. A protein–xylanase effect (P &lt; 0.05) resulted in increasing the ATTD of NDF from 28% to 32% and from 29% to 37% for RCM and DCM, respectively. The ATTD of CP was greater (P &lt; 0.05) with xylanase supplementation (75% vs. 70%). Xylanase supplementation increased ATTD of P and Ca. A three-way interaction (P &lt; 0.05) for protein–xylanase–gender for colon pH, acetic, and propionic acid in the colon digesta of pigs indicated that, in addition to the protein source, piglet sex could have influenced how xylanase works. Xylanase supplementation increased (P &lt; 0.05) the weight of the liver and spleen and tended (P &lt; 0.10) to increase the size of the kidney. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of xylanase increased nutrient digestibility and digesta pH but did not influence the growth performance of weaned pigs fed wheat and CM-based diets over a 35-d period.

scholarly journals 87 Xylanase effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, organ weight, and short chain fatty acid concentration in colon digesta of weaned pigs fed wheat and canola meal-based diets

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 80-81
Author(s):  
Gustavo A Mejicanos ◽  
Charles M Nyachoti
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Organ Weight ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Weaned Pigs

Abstract This study was to determine the effect of dietary supplementation of xylanase on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, organ weight, digesta pH and concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) of weaned pigs fed wheat-canola meal-based diets over a 35-d period. A total of 144 piglets (6.2 ± 0.7 kg) received one of 8 diets based on a randomized complete block design. Body weight and feed intake were recorded weekly to calculate average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed efficiency(G:F). Treatments consisted of a control wheat-SBM-based diet and wheat-regular (RCM), dehulled (DCM) or coarse (CCM) canola meal. All diets contained 500 phytase units (FTUs/kg; Quantum Blue-5G), and titanium-dioxide (0.3%), and were fed without and with 16,000 Birch-Xylan Units of xylanase (BXU/kg; Econase-XT). Apparent total tract digestibilities (ATTD) of NDF, CP, P, Ca, DM, and diet were determined. On d 35, one pig per pen was euthanized to evaluate the effect of treatment on organ weight, digesta pH, and digesta concentration of SCFA. Treatment did not affect growth performance. Xylanase supplementation improved nutrient digestibilities, without affecting growth performance. The ATTD of NDF was greater (P &lt; 0.05; 48%) in the wheat-SBM+xylanase, wheat-SBM without xylanase (46%), and DCM+xylanase (45%) diets. The ATTD of CP was greater (P &lt; 0.05; 78%) in wheat-SBM+xylanase, and wheat-DCM+xylanase (75%), diets. Xylanase supplementation increased ATTD of P and Ca by 9 and 19%; whereas ileum and colon digesta pH increased by 6 and 3%. Supplementing xylanase to DCM increased butyric acid by 10%, whereas the concentration of acetic acid increased by 24% in colon-digesta of pigs fed CCM+xylanase. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of xylanase increased nutrient digestibilities, digesta pH without affecting growth performance of weaned pigs fed wheat and canola meal-based diets. Additionally, supplemental xylanase increased butyric acid concentration in colon digesta of pigs fed wheat-DCM diets.

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