The effect of cochlear implants on cognitive function in older adults: A prospective, longitudinal 2-year follow-up study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumi Ohta ◽  
Takao Imai ◽  
Yoshihisa Maekawa ◽  
Tetsuo Morihana ◽  
Yasuhiro Osaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

scholarly journals Social isolation, rather than loneliness, is associated with cognitive decline in older adults: the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Bin Yu ◽  
Andrew Steptoe ◽  
Yongjie Chen ◽  
Xiaohua Jia
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Mental Status ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Confounding Variables

Abstract Background Social isolation and loneliness have each been associated with cognitive decline, but most previous research is limited to Western populations. This study examined the relationships of social isolation and loneliness on cognitive function among Chinese older adults. Methods This study used two waves of data (2011 and 2015) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study and analyses were restricted to those respondents aged 50 and older. Social isolation, loneliness, and cognitive function were measured at baseline. Follow-up measures on cognitive function were obtained for 7761 participants (mean age = 60.97, s.d. = 7.31; male, 50.8%). Lagged dependent variable models adjusted for confounding factors were used to evaluate the association between baseline isolation, loneliness, and cognitive function at follow-up. Results Loneliness was significantly associated with the cognitive decline at follow-up (episodic memory: β = −0.03, p < 0.01; mental status: β = −0.03, p < 0.01) in the partially adjusted models. These associations became insignificant after additional confounding variables (chronic diseases, health behaviors, disabilities, and depressive symptoms) were taken into account (all p > 0.05). By contrast, social isolation was significantly associated with decreases in all cognitive function measures at follow-up (episodic memory: β = −0.05, p < 0.001; mental status: β = −0.03, p < 0.01) even after controlling for loneliness and all confounding variables. Conclusions Social isolation is associated with cognitive decline in Chinese older adults, and the relationships are independent of loneliness. These findings expand our knowledge about the links between social relationships and the cognitive function in non-Western populations.

scholarly journals Cognitive Function in Adults with Enduring Anorexia Nervosa

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 859
Author(s):  
Maria Seidel ◽  
Helen Brooker ◽  
Kamilla Lauenborg ◽  
Keith Wesnes ◽  
Magnus Sjögren
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Attention Tasks ◽  
Inclusion Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a severe and often enduring disorder characterized by restriction of food intake, low body weight, fear of weight gain, and distorted body image. Investigations on cognition performance in AN patients have yielded conflicting results. Using an established and sensitive computerized cognitive test battery, we aimed to assess core aspects of cognitive function, including attention span, information processing, reasoning, working and episodic memory, in AN patients and controls. Patients were recruited from the Danish Prospective Longitudinal all-comer inclusion study in Eating Disorders (PROLED). Included were 26 individuals with AN and 36 healthy volunteers (HV). All were tested with CogTrack (an online cognitive assessment system) at baseline, and AN patients were tested again at a follow-up time point after weight increase (n = 13). At baseline, AN patients showed faster reaction times in the attention tasks, as well as increased accuracy in grammatical reasoning compared to HV. There were no differences in cognitive function between AN patients and HV in the other cognitive domains measured (sustained attention, working and episodic memory, speed of retrieval, and speed of grammatical reasoning). No differences were visible in the AN sample between baseline and follow-up. Performance did not correlate with any clinical variables in the AN sample. These findings supplement results from other studies suggesting increased concentration and reasoning accuracy in patients suffering from AN, who showed increased performance in cognitive tasks despite their illness.

scholarly journals Religiousness and Quality of Life Among Older Adults of Different Ethnic Groups in Malaysia: A Five-Year Follow-up Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Min Tan ◽  
Daniel D. Reidpath ◽  
Rachel Sing-Kiat Ting ◽  
Pascale Allotey ◽  
Tin Tin Su
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Follow Up Study

ALDH2 modulated changes in cytokine levels and cognitive function in bipolar disorder: A 12-week follow-up study

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 680-689
Author(s):  
Sheng-Yu Lee ◽  
Tzu-Yun Wang ◽  
Shiou-Lan Chen ◽  
Yun-Hsuan Chang ◽  
Po-See Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Cytokine Levels

Objectives: We investigated the association of the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 ( ALDH2) polymorphism (rs671), which is involved with the dopaminergic function, and with changes in cytokine levels and cognitive function, in a 12-week follow-up study in patients with bipolar disorder. Methods: Patients with a first diagnosis of bipolar disorder were recruited. Symptom severity and levels of plasma cytokines (tumor necrosis factor α, C-reactive protein, interleukin 6 and transforming growth factor β1) were examined during weeks 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12. Neurocognitive function was evaluated at baseline and endpoint. The ALDH2 polymorphism genotype was determined. Results: A total of 541 patients with bipolar disorder were recruited, and 355 (65.6%) completed the 12-week follow-up. A multiple linear regression analysis showed a significant ( p = 0.000226) association between the ALDH2 polymorphism and changes in C-reactive protein levels. Different aspects of cognitive function improved in patients with different ALDH2 genotypes. Only patients with the ALDH2*1*1 genotype showed significant correlations between improvement of cognitive function and increased transforming growth factor -β1. Conclusion: The ALDH2 gene might influence changes in cytokine levels and cognitive performance in patients with bipolar disorder. Additionally, changes in cytokine levels and cognitive function were correlated only in patients with specific ALDH2 genotypes.

scholarly journals Cognitive Complaints in Survivors of Breast Cancer After Chemotherapy Compared With Age-Matched Controls: An Analysis From a Nationwide, Multicenter, Prospective Longitudinal Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 506-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle C. Janelsins ◽  
Charles E. Heckler ◽  
Luke J. Peppone ◽  
Charles Kamen ◽  
Karen M. Mustian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Reading Ability ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Difficulties ◽  
Community Oncology ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Purpose Cancer-related cognitive impairment is an important problem for patients with breast cancer, yet its trajectory is not fully understood. Some previous cancer-related cognitive impairment research is limited by heterogeneous populations, small samples, lack of prechemotherapy and longitudinal assessments, use of normative data, and lack of generalizability. We addressed these limitations in a large prospective, longitudinal, nationwide study. Patients and Methods Patients with breast cancer from community oncology clinics and age-matched noncancer controls completed the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cognitive Function (FACT-Cog) at prechemotherapy and postchemotherapy and at a 6-month follow-up as an a priori exploratory aim. Longitudinal models compared FACT-Cog scores between patients and controls at the three assessments and adjusted for age, education, race, menopausal status, and baseline reading ability, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. A minimal clinically important difference cutoff determined percentages of impairment over time. Results Of patients, 581 patients with breast cancer (mean age, 53 years; 48% anthracycline-based regimens) and 364 controls (mean age, 53 years) were assessed. Patients reported significantly greater cognitive difficulties on the FACT-Cog total score and four subscales from prechemotherapy to postchemotherapy compared with controls as well as from prechemotherapy to 6-month follow-up (all P < .001). Increased baseline anxiety, depression, and decreased cognitive reserve were significantly associated with lower FACT-Cog total scores. Treatment regimen, hormone, or radiation therapy was not significantly associated with FACT-Cog total scores in patients from postchemotherapy to 6-month follow-up. Patients were more likely to report a clinically significant decline in self-reported cognitive function than were controls from prechemotherapy to postchemotherapy (45.2% v 10.4%) and from prechemotherapy to 6-month follow-up (36.5% v 13.6%). Conclusion Patients with breast cancer who were treated in community oncology clinics report substantially more cognitive difficulties up to 6 months after treatment with chemotherapy than do age-matched noncancer controls.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document