Corn rhizosphere microbial community in different long term soil management systems

2022 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 104339
Author(s):  
Eliane Cristina Gruszka Vendruscolo ◽  
Dany Mesa ◽  
Emanuel Maltempi de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Rhizosphere Microbial Community

scholarly journals Soil seed bank of plant species as a function of long-term soil management and sampled depth

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Concenço ◽  
J.C Salton ◽  
R.C Brevilieri ◽  
P.B Mendes ◽  
M.L Secretti
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Tillage System

This study aimed at assessing the level of weed infestation indifferent areas that were submitted to different soil management for 16 years. Four management systems were studied: (1) agriculture only under conventional tillage system; (2) agriculture only under no-till system; (3) crop-livestock integrationcrop-livestock integration; (4) livestock only. These areas were sampled at three soil depths (0-5, 5-10 and 10-15 cm), and soil was stored in plastic pots and taken to a greenhouse, where soil moisture and weight were standardized. Soil was kept near 70% moisture field capacity, being revolved every 20 days when all seedling emerged from soil were counted, identified and collected for dry mass assessment. The soil coverage by weeds, number of weed seedlings and dry mass of the weedy community were assessed. A phytoecological analysis was conducted. Weed composition is differentdifferent among management systems after 16 years. Areas with livestock showed much smaller number of weed species in comparison to systems where only grain crops are grown. The presence of livestock affects the potential of germination of soil seed bank. Agriculture systems are similar in terms of weed composition along soil profile, while systems involving livestock show little relation in what regards such sampled depths. Conservationist models of land exploration contribute to reduce severity of weed species occurrence in the long term.

scholarly journals Long-term effect of different soil management systems and winter crops on soil acidity and vertical distribution of nutrients in a Brazilian Oxisol

2013 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 32-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ademir Calegari ◽  
Tales Tiecher ◽  
William L. Hargrove ◽  
Ricardo Ralisch ◽  
Daniel Tessier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Winter Crops

scholarly journals Soil Physical Attributes in Long-Term Soil Management Systems (Tillage and No-till)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Venâncio Rodrigues e Silva ◽  
José Luiz Rodrigues Torres ◽  
Danyllo Denner de Almeida Costa ◽  
Bruna de Souza Silveira ◽  
Dinamar Márcia da Silva Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Management ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Root Penetration ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Physical Attributes

The period of implantation of the no-tillage system (NTS) is a fundamental factor to the dimension of the changes that occur to the soil's physical, chemical and biological attributes. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the soil changes to the physical attributes and correlate the results to the soil organic matter in areas of different long-term soil management. The study was set as a completely randomised design, in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme, with four management systems [5 years NTS (NTS5); 17 years NTS (NTS17); conventional tillage system for 20 years (CTS20); native area (NA)], and four soil depths (0-0.05, 0.05-0.1, 0.1-0.2, 0.2-0.4 m), with five repetitions. Soil mechanical resistance to root penetration (RP), bulk density (SD), volumetric moisture (VM), macro (Ma), microporosity (Mi) and total porosity (TP), and the aggregation parameters were evaluated. The CTS20, NTS5 and NTS17 presented superior SD in the most superficial soil layers, which was not yet causing resistance to root development. The SD was the only physical attribute that correlated significantly with all the other soil attributes evaluated, indicating the importance of such attribute to evaluate soil quality to crops. The soil physical attributes found in the Cerrado native area followed the sequence of similarities: no-tillage system with 17 years (most similar), with five years and the conventional tillage system (less similar). The changes caused by the anthropic activity in the soil's physical attributes are more pronounced and perceptible in soil depths up to 0.2 m.

Soil structural conditions of vineyards under two soil management systems

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 450 ◽  
Author(s):  
GJ Cock
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Vineyard Soil

The soil structural conditions of two management systems of vineyard soil on Barmera Sandy Loam in the Riverland of South Australia were compared. Three years of zero cultivation and weed mulching were compared with long term winter cropping and cultivation between vines. Significant increases in 1 mm dry aggregates, aggregate stability and percentage of large pores were measured under zero tillage. Significant reductions also occurred for bulk density and penetration resistance of the 6-12 cm layer of the zero-tilled soil. The results suggest that infiltration, aeration and root growth of vines would improve under a long-term program of zero tillage and weed mulching.

scholarly journals Soil organic matter as affected by management systems, phosphate fertilization, and cover crops

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 1668-1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Géssica Pereira de Souza ◽  
Cícero Célio de Figueiredo ◽  
Djalma Martinhão Gomes de Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Humic Fractions

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of soil management systems, cover crops, and phosphate fertilization on soil humic fractions in a long-term experiment. The treatments consisted of conventional tillage and no-tillage with pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) or velvet bean (Mucuna aterrima) as cover crops, at two doses of phosphorous: 0 and 100 kg ha-1 P2O5 per year. Soil samples were taken 11 years after the establishment of the experiment and analyzed for soil total organic carbon and carbon content of humic fractions at 0.00-0.05, 0.05-0.10, and 0.10-0.20-m depths. The humic fractions are sensitive to soil management, except free fulvic acid, which was the only one that did not reduce its carbon contents on the surface layer (0.00-0.05 m) with conventional tillage. The main changes occurred on the soil surface layer, in which the no-tillage system with pearl millet as a cover crop provided the highest carbon levels in humic fractions. Long-term phosphate fertilization under no-tillage, with pearl millet as a cover crop, promotes the accumulation of organic carbon in soil humic fractions.

scholarly journals Influence of Soil Properties in Different Management Systems: Estimating Soybean Water Changes in the Agro-IBIS Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virnei Silva Moreira ◽  
Luiz Antonio Candido ◽  
Debora Regina Roberti ◽  
Geovane Webler ◽  
Marcelo Bortoluzzi Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Residual Layer ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Ibis Model

Abstract The water balance in agricultural cropping systems is dependent on the physical and hydraulic characteristics of the soil and the type of farming, both of which are sensitive to the soil management. Most models that describe the interaction between the surface and the atmosphere do not efficiently represent the physical differences across different soil management areas. In this study, the authors analyzed the dynamics of the water exchange in the agricultural version of the Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS) model (Agro-IBIS) in the presence of different physical soil properties because of the different long-term soil management systems. The experimental soil properties were obtained from two management systems, no tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) in a long-term experiment in southern Brazil in the soybean growing season of 2009/10. To simulate NT management, this study modified the top soil layer in the model to represent the residual layer. Moreover, a mathematical adjustment to the computation of leaf area index (LAI) is suggested to obtain a better representation of the grain fill to the physiological maturity period. The water exchange dynamics simulated using Agro-IBIS were compared against experimental data collected from both tillage systems. The results show that the model well represented the water dynamics in the soil and the evapotranspiration (ET) in both management systems, in particular during the wet periods. Better results were found for the conventional tillage management system for the water balance. However, with the incorporation of a residual layer and soil properties in NT, the model improved the estimation of evapotranspiration by 6%. The ability of the Agro-IBIS model to estimate ET indicates its potential application in future climate scenarios.

scholarly journals Response of Maize (Zea mays L.) to a Temperature Gradient Representing Long-Term Climate Change Under Different Soil Management Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 327 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A.P.W.K. Malaviarachchi ◽  
W.A.J.M. De Costa ◽  
R.M. Fonseka ◽  
J.B.D.A.P. Kumara ◽  
K.M.R.D. Abhayapala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Management Systems

scholarly journals Effect of Long-Term Soil Management Practices on Tree Growth, Yield and Soil Biodiversity in a High-Density Olive Agro-Ecosystem

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1036
Author(s):  
Sauro Simoni ◽  
Giovanni Caruso ◽  
Nadia Vignozzi ◽  
Riccardo Gucci ◽  
Giuseppe Valboa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Carbon Pools ◽  
Grass Cover ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Canopy Effect ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Pools

Edaphic arthropod communities provide valuable information about the prevailing status of soil quality to improve the functionality and long-term sustainability of soil management. The study aimed at evaluating the effect of plant and grass cover on the functional biodiversity and soil characteristics in a mature olive orchard (Olea europaea L.) managed for ten years by two conservation soil managements: natural grass cover (NC) and conservation tillage (CT). The trees under CT grew and yielded more than those under NC during the period of increasing yields (years 4–7) but not when they reached full production. Soil management did not affect the tree root density. Collecting samples underneath the canopy (UC) and in the inter-row space (IR), the edaphic environment was characterized by soil structure, hydrological properties, the concentration and storage of soil organic carbon pools and the distribution of microarthropod communities. The soil organic carbon pools (total and humified) were negatively affected by minimum tillage in IR, but not UC, without a loss in fruit and oil yield. The assemblages of microarthropods benefited, firstly, from the grass cover, secondly, from the canopy effect, and thirdly, from a soil structure ensuring a high air capacity and water storage. Feeding functional groups—hemiedaphic macrosaprophages, polyphages and predators—resulted in selecting the ecotonal microenvironment between the surface and edaphic habitat.

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