Effects of Aerosol Water Content on the Formation of Secondary Inorganic Aerosol during a Winter Heavy PM2.5 Pollution Episode in Xi'an, China

2021 ◽  
pp. 118304
Author(s):  
T. Zhang ◽  
Z.X. Shen ◽  
H. Su ◽  
S.X. Liu ◽  
J.M. Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Pollution Episode ◽  
Inorganic Aerosol

Indoor aerosol water content and phase state in U.S. residences: impacts of relative humidity, aerosol mass and composition, and mechanical system operation

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 2031-2057
Author(s):  
Bryan E. Cummings ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Peter F. DeCarlo ◽  
Manabu Shiraiwa ◽  
Michael S. Waring
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Mechanical System ◽  
Phase State ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
System Operation ◽  
Aerosol Mass ◽  
Inorganic Aerosol ◽  
Indoor Aerosol

Hygroscopic particulate matter constituents promote uptake of aerosol water, depending on relative humidity, which can constrain qualities such as organic aerosol phase state and inorganic aerosol deliquescence and efflorescence.

Characterization of frozen hydrated biological specimens by low-loss EELS

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1572-1573
Author(s):  
Songquan Sun ◽  
Richard D. Leapman
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Protein Solutions ◽  
Subcellular Compartment ◽  
Differential Shrinkage ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

Analyses of ultrathin cryosections are generally performed after freeze-drying because the presence of water renders the specimens highly susceptible to radiation damage. The water content of a subcellular compartment is an important quantity that must be known, for example, to convert the dry weight concentrations of ions to the physiologically more relevant molar concentrations. Water content can be determined indirectly from dark-field mass measurements provided that there is no differential shrinkage between compartments and that there exists a suitable internal standard. The potential advantage of a more direct method for measuring water has led us to explore the use of electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) for characterizing biological specimens in their frozen hydrated state.We have obtained preliminary EELS measurements from pure amorphous ice and from cryosectioned frozen protein solutions. The specimens were cryotransfered into a VG-HB501 field-emission STEM equipped with a 666 Gatan parallel-detection spectrometer and analyzed at approximately −160 C.

STEM measurement of subcellular water distributions

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 568-569
Author(s):  
R.D. Leapman ◽  
S.Q. Sun ◽  
S-L. Shi ◽  
R.A. Buchanan ◽  
S.B. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
Inelastic Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Annular Dark Field

Recent advances in rapid-freezing and cryosectioning techniques coupled with use of the quantitative signals available in the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) can provide us with new methods for determining the water distributions of subcellular compartments. The water content is an important physiological quantity that reflects how fluid and electrolytes are regulated in the cell; it is also required to convert dry weight concentrations of ions obtained from x-ray microanalysis into the more relevant molar ionic concentrations. Here we compare the information about water concentrations from both elastic (annular dark-field) and inelastic (electron energy loss) scattering measurements.In order to utilize the elastic signal it is first necessary to increase contrast by removing the water from the cryosection. After dehydration the tissue can be digitally imaged under low-dose conditions, in the same way that STEM mass mapping of macromolecules is performed. The resulting pixel intensities are then converted into dry mass fractions by using an internal standard, e.g., the mean intensity of the whole image may be taken as representative of the bulk water content of the tissue.

EFFECT OF WATER CONTENT ON PROPERTIES OF Na2O, 3SiO2 GLASSES

1982 ◽  
Vol 43 (C9) ◽  
pp. C9-455-C9-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Takata ◽  
M. Tomozawa ◽  
J. Acocella ◽  
J. Molinelli ◽  
C. Y. Erwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Effect Of Water

ANALISIS FISIKA KIMIA DARI KERANG DARA (Anadara granosa) YANG BERASAL DARI KAYUTANYO KAB. BANGGAI The Analysis of physical chemical from dara shells (Anadara granosa) origin from Kayutanyo, Kab.Banggai

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SULASMI ANGGO
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Dust Content ◽  
Total Dust ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Anadara Granosa

The Analysis of physical chemical from dara shells (Anadara granosa) origin from Kayutanyo, kab. Banggai, has been conducted.Dara shell meat is sleaned and dried and after that powered with blender. Determine % rendement, water bonding capacity and index water solubility with Anderson method, coarse fat content with gravimetric method and carbohydrate method with “bye difference” decrease method.The result of analysis showed rendement value is 24,35%, water bonding capacity is 1,6248 gram/ml, index water solubility is 0,202 gram/ml, water content is 79,0045%, total dust content is 1,072%, coarse protein content is 2,25%, coarse fat content is 8,47%, carbohydrate content is 9,2035%. Keyword : Dara shells, (Anadara granosa), analysis physical chemical

SOIL WATER CONTENT AFFECTS THE AVAILABILITY OF PHOSPHATE

1985 ◽  
pp. 185-189
Author(s):  
M.C.H.Mouat Pieter Nes
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Soil Solution ◽  
Equivalent Reduction

Reduction in water content of a soil increased the concentration of ammonium and nitrate in solution, but had no effect on the concentration of phosphate. The corresponding reduction in the quantity of phosphate in solution caused an equivalent reduction in the response of ryegrass to applied phosphate. Keywords: soil solution, soil water content, phosphate, ryegrass, nutrition.

Analysis of Subsurface Water Content with Integrated Techniques.

10.3383/1.1.8 ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. LEUCCI ◽  
R. CATALDO ◽  
G. DE NUNZIO
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Subsurface Water
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