The functional connectivity basis of creative achievement linked with openness to experience and divergent thinking

2021 ◽  
pp. 108260
Author(s):  
Xueyang Wang ◽  
Kaixiang Zhuang ◽  
Zhenyu Li ◽  
Jiang Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Creative Achievement

Assessment of Creative Potential in Music

2019 ◽  
pp. 605-628
Author(s):  
Peter Webster
Keyword(s):  
Future Study ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Music Teaching ◽  
Creative Potential ◽  
Creative Achievement ◽  
Key Terms

This chapter presents a review of important concepts for assessing creative work as noted in both the general literature and work in music teaching and learning. Definitions are established for terms such as “creativity,” “creative potential,” “naïve versus expert,” “person, product, process and place,” and “convergent versus divergent thinking”, and “creative achievement.” A case is made for the distinction between these and other key terms in the literature. The notions of levels of creative work is sstressed. Past research studies in the assessment of creative potential are reviewed including a summary of all published work using the Measures of Creative Thinking in Music (MTCM). Related work in psychology and directions for future study are noted.

Personality, Creativity, and Aesthetic Preference: Comparing Psychoticism, Sensation Seeking, Schizotypy, and Openness to Experience

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Rawlings Fionnuala Twomey ◽  
Elizabeth Burns ◽  
Sharon Morris
Keyword(s):  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Word Association ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Personality Measures ◽  
Aesthetic Preference ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
Neo Personality Inventory ◽  
Neo Personality Inventory Revised

Three studies examined the relationship between several measures of creativity and aesthetic preference and several established personality scales. Study 1 derived indices of Fluency, Originality, and Preference for Complexity and Meaningfulness using random polygons varying in complexity (turns); the scales of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (Revised) (EPQ-R), the Schizotypal Personality Scale (STA), and the Sensation Seeking Scale, Form V (SSS-V) were the personality measures. Study 2 added Openness to Experience from the NEO Personality Inventory (Revised) to the personality measures; factors derived from the Litle and Zuckerman Music Preference Scale were added to the creativity/preference set. Study 3 replaced the polygons used in Study 2 with two Kogan-Wallach creativity tests, and added a word association task. Canonical correlations suggested a substantial relationship between SSS-V, Openness, and EPQ-R Psychoticism, and a creativity/preference set particularly represented by Preference for Complexity, dislike of “soft popular” music, and originality or number of divergent thinking responses. Subscale analyses implicated willingness to question conventional values as a major component of the “creative personality.”

scholarly journals Think Hard or Think Smart: Network Reconfigurations After Divergent Thinking Associate With Creativity Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Yi Wu ◽  
Bo-Cheng Kuo ◽  
Chih-Mao Huang ◽  
Pei-Jung Tsai ◽  
Ai-Ling Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Dynamic Reconfiguration ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Creative Achievement ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Network Organizations ◽  
Creative Group

Evidence suggests divergent thinking is the cognitive basis of creative thoughts. Neuroimaging literature using resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) has revealed network reorganizations during divergent thinking. Recent studies have revealed the changes of network organizations when performing creativity tasks, but such brain reconfigurations may be prolonged after task and be modulated by the trait of creativity. To investigate the dynamic reconfiguration, 40 young participants were recruited to perform consecutive Alternative Uses Tasks (AUTs) for divergent thinking and two resting-state scans (before and after AUT) were used for mapping the brain reorganizations after AUT. We split participants into high- and low-creative groups based on creative achievement questionnaire (CAQ) and targeted on reconfigurations of the two brain networks: (1) default-mode network (DMN) and (2) the network seeded at the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) because the between-group difference of AUT-induced brain activation located at the left IFG. The changes of post-AUT RSFCs (DMN and IFGN) indicated the prolonged effect of divergent thinking. More specifically, the alterations of RSFCIFG−AG and RSFCIFG−IPL (AG: angular gyrus, IPG: inferior parietal lobule) in the high-creative group had positive relationship with their AUT performances (originality and fluency), but not found in the low-creative group. Furthermore, the RSFC changes of DMN did not present significant relationships with AUT performances. The findings not only confirmed the possibility of brain dynamic reconfiguration following divergent thinking, but also suggested the distinct IFGN reconfiguration between individuals with different creativity levels.

Managerial creative problem solving and the Big Five personality traits

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 674-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Myszkowski ◽  
Martin Storme ◽  
Andrés Davila ◽  
Todd Lubart
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Creative Problem Solving ◽  
Creative Potential ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Managerial Task ◽  
Creative Problem

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide new elements to understand, measure and predict managerial creativity. More specifically, based on new approaches to creative potential (Lubart et al., 2011), this study proposes to distinguish two aspects of managerial creative problem solving: divergent-exploratory thinking, in which managers try to generate several new solutions to a problem; and convergent-integrative thinking, in which managers select and elaborate one creative solution. Design/methodology/approach – In this study, personality is examined as a predictor of managerial creative problem solving: On one hand, based on previous research on general divergent thinking (e.g. Ma, 2009), it is hypothesized that managerial divergent thinking is predicted by high openness to experience and low agreeableness. On the other hand, because efficient people management involves generating satisfying and trustful social interactions, it is hypothesized that convergent-integrative thinking ability is predicted by high agreeableness. In all, 137 adult participants completed two divergent-exploratory thinking managerial tasks and two convergent-integrative thinking managerial task and the Big Five Inventory (John and Srivastava, 1999). Findings – As expected, divergent-exploratory thinking was predicted by openness to experience (r=0.21; p<0.05) and agreeableness (r=−0.22; p<0.05) and the convergent-integrative thinking part of managerial creative problem solving was predicted by agreeableness (r=0.28; p<0.001). Originality/value – Contrary to most research on managerial creativity (e.g. Scratchley and Hakstian, 2001), the study focuses (and provides measure guidelines) on both divergent and convergent thinking dimensions of creative potential. This study replicates and extends previous results regarding the link between personality (especially agreeableness) and managerial creativity.

scholarly journals Openness to Experience and Intellect Differentially Predict Creative Achievement in the Arts and Sciences

2015 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Barry Kaufman ◽  
Lena C. Quilty ◽  
Rachael G. Grazioplene ◽  
Jacob B. Hirsh ◽  
Jeremy R. Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Arts And Sciences ◽  
Creative Achievement ◽  
The Arts

scholarly journals Improvising at Rest: Differentiating Jazz and Classical Music Training with Resting State Functional Connectivity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Belden ◽  
Tima Zeng ◽  
Emily Przysinda ◽  
Sheeba Arnold Anteraper ◽  
Susan Whitfield-Gabrieli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Salience Network ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Cortical Networks ◽  
Music Training ◽  
Classical Musicians ◽  
Visual Network

AbstractJazz improvisation offers a model for creative cognition, as it involves the real-time creation of a novel, information-rich product. Previous research has shown that when musicians improvise, they recruit regions in the Default Mode Network (DMN) and Executive Control Network (ECN). Here, we ask whether these findings from task-fMRI studies might extend to intrinsic differences in resting state functional connectivity. We compared Improvising musicians, Classical musicians, and Minimally Musically Trained (MMT) controls in seed-based functional connectivity and network analyses in resting state functional MRI. We also examined the functional correlates of behavioral performance in musical improvisation and divergent thinking. Seed-based analysis consistently showed higher connectivity in ventral DMN (vDMN) and bilateral ECN in both groups of musically trained individuals as compared to MMT controls, with additional group differences in primary visual network, precuneus network, and posterior salience network. In particular, primary visual network connectivity to DMN and ECN was highest in Improvisational musicians, whereas within-network connectivity of vDMN and precuneus network was higher in both Improvisational and Classical musicians than in MMT controls; in contrast, connectivity between posterior salience network and superior parietal lobule was highest in Classical musicians. Furthermore, graph-theoretical analysis indicated heightened betweenness centrality, clustering, and local efficiency in Classical musicians. Taken together, results suggest that heightened functional connectivity among musicians can be explained by higher within-network connectivity (more tight-knit cortical networks) in Classical musicians, as opposed to more disperse, globally-connected cortical networks in Improvisational musicians.HighlightsMusic training is associated with higher resting state connectivityHigher connectivity in Improvisational musicians from visual network to ECN and DMNClassical musicians show higher vDMN and Precuneus within-network connectivityImprovisation and divergent thinking performance correlate with similar connectivity patterns

Grit, Conscientiousness, and Openness to Experience in Creative Achievement

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena G. Grohman ◽  
Scott B. Kaufman ◽  
Paul J. Silvia
Keyword(s):  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Creative Achievement

scholarly journals Openness to experience predicts dopamine effects on divergent thinking

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiebke Käckenmester ◽  
Antonia Bott ◽  
Jan Wacker
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Receptor Blocker ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Causal Connections ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Individual differences in trait levels of openness to experience and creativity have been theoretically linked to dopamine function. However, empirical evidence for this assumption is scarce, especially for causal connections. The present study aims to directly assess the influence of dopamine activity on the established association between openness to experience and divergent thinking (i.e., an index of creativity). We hypothesized that manipulating dopamine activity alters the relationship between self-reported openness to experience and ideational fluency and flexibility. In a placebo-controlled between-subjects design, 193 healthy male volunteers completed four divergent thinking tasks after they received either the dopamine-receptor blocker sulpiride (200 mg) or a placebo. The data revealed an interaction such that openness to experience was more positively associated with divergent thinking in the dopamine blocker group (r = 0.304) than in the placebo group (r = −0.002). Specifically, highly open individuals in the dopamine blocker group reached the highest divergent thinking scores. Thus, sulpiride administration selectively affected divergent thinking as a function of trait levels of openness to experience. Although somewhat limited by the unexpected absence of the association between openness to experience and divergent thinking in the placebo group, the present study provides novel evidence for an association between dopamine activity and both openness to experience and divergent thinking.

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