Pleiotrophic effects of natural products in ROS-induced carcinogenesis: The role of plant-derived natural products in oral cancer chemoprevention

Natural flavor and fragrance market size is expected to grow steadily due to the rising consumer demand of natural ingredients. This market request is guided by the general opinion that the production of natural compounds leads to a reduction of pollution, with inherent advantages for the environment and people’s health. The biotransformation reactions have gained high relevance in the production of natural products. In this context, few pieces of research have described the role of microalgae in the oxidation of terpenoids. In this present study, we questioned the role of microalgal based oxidation in the synthesis of high-value flavors and fragrances. This study investigated the role of three different microalgae strains, Chlorella sp. (211.8b and 211.8p) and Chlorococcum sp. (JB3), in the oxidation of different terpenoid substrates: α-ionone, β-ionone, theaspirane and valencene. Unfortunately, the experimental data showed that the microalgal strains used are not responsible for the substrate oxidation. In fact, our experiments demonstrate that the transformation of the four starting compounds is a photochemical reaction that involves the oxygen as oxidant. Even though these findings cast a shadow on the use of these microorganisms for an industrial purpose, they open a new possible strategy to easily obtain nootkatone in a natural way by just using an aqueous medium, oxygen and light.

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Evaluation of Serum Immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM) and Circulating Immune Complexes in Oral Precancer and Cancer Patients

Global Medical Genetics ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1725157 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pooja Madki ◽

Mandya Lakshman Avinash Tejasvi ◽

Geetha Paramkusam ◽

Ruheena Khan ◽

Shilpa J.

Keyword(s):

Oral Cancer ◽

Immune Complexes ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Circulating Immune Complexes ◽

Oral Cancers ◽

Cancer Group ◽

Oral Precancer ◽

Serum Iga ◽

The Mean

Abstract Objectives The aim of the present study is to evaluate the role of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, and IgM) and circulating immune complexes (CIC) as tumor marker in oral cancer and precancer patients. Materials and Methods The present study was performed on 45 individuals subdivided into three groups, that is, oral precancer, oral cancer and healthy individuals, and levels of immunoglobulins, and CIC was estimated by turbidometry and ELISA method. Results In the present study, the mean serum IgA levels in oral precancer were 161.00 ( ± 118.02) mg/dL, oral cancers were 270.67 ( ± 171.44) mg/dL, and controls were 133.73 ( ± 101.31) mg/dL. Mean serum levels of IgG in oral precancer were 1,430.87 ( ± 316) mg/dL, oral cancers were 1,234.27 ( ± 365.42) mg/dL, and controls were 593.87 ( ± 323.06) mg/dL. Conclusion We found that the levels of serum IgG and IgA were elevated consistently in precancer and cancer group, and Serum IgM levels were increased only in precancer. Also, significant increase in serum CIC levels were seen in oral precancer and cancer group on comparison with control.

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Role of interleukin-10 promoter polymorphisms in oral cancer susceptibility: A meta-analysis

Cancer Investigation ◽

10.1080/07357907.2021.1900217 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-25

Author(s):

Ru-Yue Liu ◽

Lin Li ◽

Ting Wu ◽

Zhong-Ti Zhang

Keyword(s):

Oral Cancer ◽

Cancer Susceptibility ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Interleukin 10 ◽

Promoter Polymorphisms

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ANLN promotes carcinogenesis in oral cancer by regulating the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway

Head & Face Medicine ◽

10.1186/s13005-021-00269-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bing Wang ◽

Xiao-li Zhang ◽

Chen-xi Li ◽

Ning-ning Liu ◽

Min Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Cancer ◽

Signaling Pathway ◽

Cell Cycle Progression ◽

Mtor Signaling ◽

Mtor Signaling Pathway ◽

Cell Behaviors ◽

Rnai Technology ◽

Tumor Tissues ◽

Pi3k Signaling Pathway

Abstract Background Oral cancer is a malignant disease that threatenshuman life and greatly reducespatientquality of life. ANLN was reported to promote the progression of cancer. This study aims to investigate the role of ANLNin oral cancer and the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods ANLN expression was downregulated by RNAi technology. The effect of ANLN on cell behaviors, including proliferation, cell cycle progression, invasion, and apoptosis, was detected. Western blotting analysis was used to explore the mechanism by whichANLN functions in oral cancer. Results Data from TCGA database showed that ANLN was expressed at significantly higher levels in tumor tissues thanin normal control tissues. Patients with higher ANLN expression exhibitedshorter survivaltimes. ANLN was alsoabundantly expressedin the cancer cell lines CAL27 and HN30. When ANLN was knocked down in CAL27 and HN30 cells, cell proliferation and colony formation weredecreased. The cell invasion ability was also inhibited. However, the cell apoptosis rate was increased. In addition, the levels of critical members of the PI3K signaling pathway, includingPI3K, mTOR, Akt, and PDK-1, were significantlyreducedafter ANLN was knocked down in CAL27 cells. Conclusions ANLN contributes to oral cancerprogressionand affects activation ofthe PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway. This study providesa new potential targetfor drug development and treatment in oral cancer.

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