Changes in soil macrofaunal communities along soil age gradient under centuries of cultivation after coastal reclamation

CATENA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 105170
Author(s):  
Baoming Ge ◽  
Ruiping Yang ◽  
Li Yang ◽  
Senhao Jiang ◽  
Boping Tang
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Reclamation ◽  
Soil Age

THE LEGALITY OF BORDER SHIFTS DUE TO COASTAL RECLAMATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Dita Birahayu
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Maritime Boundary ◽  
Coastal Reclamation ◽  
Advanced Science ◽  
Boundary Conflict ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Independent Country ◽  
Maritime Territory

<p>Based on Declaration of Djuanda, it declared that Indonesia maritime was defined as the entity of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI), and thus, Indonesia is known as an archipelagic country with a very broad maritime territory directly adjacent to 10 neighboring countries. However, it poses a lot of potential maritime boundary conflict. Supported by this current advanced science, both artificial islands and coastal reclamation were being carried out. Singapore is one having a reclamation named Jurong Island, and it is very close to the territory of NKRI. As an independent country, Indonesia is attempting to protect its territory by having a diplomatic negotiation with Singapore in order to decide the legal certainty over their maritime borders, especially in east area. In addition, they need to define the legal status of that reclaimed island. Based on UNCLOS 1982 article 11 and 80, the legal status of the reclaimed island may not threaten the sovereignty of NKRI as its presence does not change the maritime territory of a country, and it has been agreed in the previous agreement.</p>

scholarly journals Soil age and soil organic carbon content shape biochemical responses to multiple freeze–thaw events in soils along a postmining agricultural chronosequence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Rosinger ◽  
Michael Bonkowski
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Microbial Responses ◽  
Soil Age ◽  
Carbon Losses

AbstractFreeze–thaw (FT) events exert a great physiological stress on the soil microbial community and thus significantly impact soil biogeochemical processes. Studies often show ambiguous and contradicting results, because a multitude of environmental factors affect biogeochemical responses to FT. Thus, a better understanding of the factors driving and regulating microbial responses to FT events is required. Soil chronosequences allow more focused comparisons among soils with initially similar start conditions. We therefore exposed four soils with contrasting organic carbon contents and opposing soil age (i.e., years after restoration) from a postmining agricultural chronosequence to three consecutive FT events and evaluated soil biochgeoemical responses after thawing. The major microbial biomass carbon losses occurred after the first FT event, while microbial biomass N decreased more steadily with subsequent FT cycles. This led to an immediate and lasting decoupling of microbial biomass carbon:nitrogen stoichiometry. After the first FT event, basal respiration and the metabolic quotient (i.e., respiration per microbial biomass unit) were above pre-freezing values and thereafter decreased with subsequent FT cycles, demonstrating initially high dissimilatory carbon losses and less and less microbial metabolic activity with each iterative FT cycle. As a consequence, dissolved organic carbon and total dissolved nitrogen increased in soil solution after the first FT event, while a substantial part of the liberated nitrogen was likely lost through gaseous emissions. Overall, high-carbon soils were more vulnerable to microbial biomass losses than low-carbon soils. Surprisingly, soil age explained more variation in soil chemical and microbial responses than soil organic carbon content. Further studies are needed to dissect the factors associated with soil age and its influence on soil biochemical responses to FT events.

scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Change of Land Use in a Coastal Reclamation Area: A Complex Network Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 8690
Author(s):  
Caiyao Xu ◽  
Lijie Pu ◽  
Fanbin Kong ◽  
Bowei Li
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Complex Network ◽  
Coastal Wetland ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Wetland Ecosystems ◽  
Ecological Protection ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Coastal Reclamation ◽  
Reclamation Area ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Coastal ecological protection and restoration projects aimed to restore and recover the ecological environment of coastal wetland with high-intensity human reclamation activity, while the integrity of the coastal wetland system with human reclamation activity and the ability of individual land use types to control the overall system were not fully considered. In this study, a six-stage land use conversion network was constructed by using a complex network model to analyze coastal land use dynamic changes in the coastal reclamation area located in eastern China from 1977 to 2016. The results showed that land use types had gradually transformed from being dominated by natural types to artificial types, and the speed of transformation was accelerating. The proportion of un-reclaimed area decreased from 93% in 1977 to 46% in 2007, and finally fell to 8% in 2014 and 2016. Tidal flat and halophytic vegetation were the main output land use types, while cropland, woodland and aquaculture pond were the main input land use types. Cropland had the highest value of betweenness centrality, which played a key role in land use change from 1992 to 2014. The land use system of the coastal reclamation area was the most stable in 2002–2007, followed by 1984–1992, and the most unstable in 2007–2014. The Chinese and local government should carry out some measures to improve the land use in coastal wetland ecosystems, including the allocation and integration of land use for production space, living space, and ecological space, and develop multi-functionality of land use to realize the coastal high-quality development and coastal ecological protection and restoration.

Effects of coastal reclamation on the storm surge in the Bohai Bay

2021 ◽  
Vol 675 (1) ◽  
pp. 012042
Author(s):  
Xinyang Yue ◽  
Cheng Li ◽  
Qingsheng Miao ◽  
Jinkun Yang ◽  
Mingmei Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storm Surge ◽  
Bohai Bay ◽  
Coastal Reclamation

CHEMICAL KINETICS OF WEATHERING IN YOUNG ANDISOLS FROM NORTHEASTERN JAPAN USING SOIL AGE NORMALIZED TO 10°C

Soil Science ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
SADAO SHOJI ◽  
MASAMI NANZYO ◽  
YASUHITO SHIRATO ◽  
TOYOAKI ITO
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Kinetics ◽  
Northeastern Japan ◽  
Soil Age ◽  
Kinetics Of

Distinguishing soil age and parent material effects on an Ultisol of north-central Wisconsin, USA

Geoderma ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 61 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 165-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Mason ◽  
C.J. Milfred ◽  
E.A. Nater
Keyword(s):  
Parent Material ◽  
North Central ◽  
Soil Age

Monitoring coastal reclamation changes across Jiangsu Province during 1984–2019 using landsat data

Marine Policy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 104887
Author(s):  
Nan Xu ◽  
Yuqing Wang ◽  
Conghong Huang ◽  
Shuai Jiang ◽  
Mingming Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Landsat Data ◽  
Coastal Reclamation

scholarly journals Evaluating the effect of nutrient redistribution by animals on the phosphorus cycle of lowland Amazonia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 279-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corina Buendía ◽  
Axel Kleidon ◽  
Stefano Manzoni ◽  
Björn Reu ◽  
Amilcare Porporato
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Basin ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Phosphorus Cycle ◽  
Terra Firme ◽  
The Andes ◽  
P Content ◽  
Spatial Redistribution ◽  
Soil Age ◽  
Seasonally Flooded ◽  
Lowland Amazonia

Abstract. Phosphorus (P) availability decreases with soil age and potentially limits the productivity of ecosystems growing on old and weathered soils. Despite growing on ancient soils, ecosystems of lowland Amazonia are highly productive and are among the most biodiverse on Earth. P eroded and weathered in the Andes is transported by the rivers and deposited in floodplains of the lowland Amazon basin creating hotspots of P fertility. We hypothesize that animals feeding on vegetation and detritus in these hotspots may redistribute P to P-depleted areas, thus contributing to dissipate the P gradient across the landscape. Using a mathematical model, we show that animal-driven spatial redistribution of P from rivers to land and from seasonally flooded to terra firme (upland) ecosystems may sustain the P cycle of Amazonian lowlands. Our results show how P imported to land by terrestrial piscivores in combination with spatial redistribution of herbivores and detritivores can significantly enhance the P content in terra firme ecosystems, thereby highlighting the importance of food webs for the biogeochemical cycling of Amazonia.

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