Sestrin protects Drosophila midgut from mercury chloride-induced damage by inhibiting oxidative stress and stimulating intestinal regeneration

2021 ◽  
pp. 109083
Author(s):  
Zhi Chen ◽  
Wen Zhang ◽  
Fen Wang ◽  
Ren Mu ◽  
Di Wen
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mercury Chloride ◽  
Intestinal Regeneration

scholarly journals The role of nitrosative and oxidative stress in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver tissue applied mercury chloride (HgCl2)

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-273
Author(s):  
Mehmet Reşit Taysı ◽  
Muammer Kırıcı ◽  
Mahinur Kırıcı ◽  
Hasan Ulusal ◽  
Bünyamin Söğüt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Mercury Chloride ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Ld50 Value

The aim of this study was to determine oxidative stress caused by mercury chloride (HgCl2) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver tissue. For this purpose, the LD50 value of HgCl2 on rainbow trout was determined as 551 μg/L. In the study, 40 fish in four groups were exposed to 25% and 50% (138 and 276 µg/L) of the two subletal doses of HgCl2 for 2 and 7 days, with 10 fish (n=10) in each group. To determine oxidative stress; peroxynitrite (ONOO−), total oxidant level (TOS), total antioxidant level (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were analyzed. In the study, it was observed that the differences between the groups in terms of ONOO−, TOS, TAS and OSI levels in the liver tissues was significant (P<0.05), however, this difference was not significant (P>0.05) in terms of MDA values. As a result, it can be concluded that HgCl2 increases ONOO−, TOS, TAS, OSI and MDA levels in liver tissue and even small doses of mercury are toxic to fish.

scholarly journals Therapeutics potential of Ocimum basilicum following mercury chloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats (Rattus norvegicus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 725-737
Author(s):  
Sunday A. Adelakun ◽  
Olusegun D. Omotoso ◽  
Grace T. Akingbade
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Alanine Transaminase ◽  
Mercury Chloride ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Anatomical Parameters

Globally mercury (Hg) has been reported as one of heavy metal of known toxicity, noted for inducing public health disasters. Present study examines the therapeutics potentials of Ocimum basilicum on mercury chloride (HgCl2) induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. Thirty adult Wistar rats randomly divided into six groups (A-F) of five rats each. Group A served as control was given 2 mL/day of distilled water, Group B, C, D, E and F received 500 mg/kg body weight (bwt) of O. basilicum extract, 20 mg/kg/bwt of HgCl2, 40 mg/kg bwt of HgCl2, 20 mg/kg bwt of HgCl2 and 500 mg/kg bwt O. basilicum leave extract, 40 mg/kg bwt and 500 mg/kg bwt O. basilicum administered daily by gastric gavage, for 21 consecutive days. The gross anatomical parameters of the liver and liver histology were assessed. Liver oxidative stress was evaluated by liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) assays. The activities of the biomarker enzymes of the liver (alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase were assayed). Histological profiles of the liver revealed derangement of the liver cytoarchitecture following consumption of mercury chloride and a marked improvement was observed after O. basilicum administration. Similarly, O. basilicum improved the reduction of antioxidant parameters (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) and the increased MDA caused by mercury chloride consumption. O. basilicum thus proffer protection against free radical mediated oxidative stress in mercury chloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

scholarly journals Hippocampal Dysfunction Provoked by Mercury Chloride Exposure: Evaluation of Cognitive Impairment, Oxidative Stress, Tissue Injury and Nature of Cell Death

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walessa Alana Bragança Aragão ◽  
Francisco Bruno Teixeira ◽  
Nathalia Carolina Fernandes Fagundes ◽  
Rafael Monteiro Fernandes ◽  
Luanna Melo Pereira Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Exposure Model ◽  
Mercury Chloride ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Hippocampal Dysfunction

Mercury (Hg) is a highly toxic metal, which can be found in its inorganic form in the environment. This form presents lower liposolubility and lower absorption in the body. In order to elucidate the possible toxicity of inorganic Hg in the hippocampus, we investigated the potential of low doses of mercury chloride (HgCl2) to promote hippocampal dysfunction by employing a chronic exposure model. For this, 56 rats were exposed to HgCl2 (0.375 mg/kg/day) via the oral route for 45 days. After the exposure period, the animals were submitted to the cognitive test of fear memory. The hippocampus was collected for the measurement of total Hg levels, analysis of oxidative stress, and evaluation of cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and tissue injury. It was observed that chronic exposure to inorganic Hg promotes an increase in mercury levels in this region and damage to short- and long-term memory. Furthermore, we found that this exposure model provoked oxidative stress, which led to cytotoxicity and cell death by apoptosis, affecting astrocytes and neurons in the hippocampus. Our study demonstrated that inorganic Hg, even with its low liposolubility, is able to produce deleterious effects in the central nervous system, resulting in cognitive impairment and hippocampal damage when administered for a long time at low doses in rats.

scholarly journals Toxicity of mercury on the brain: ability of extract of Pistacia atlantica regulated effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4-s) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Benahmed Fatiha ◽  
Hayet Fatima Zohra Belhouari ◽  
Radjaa Bounoura ◽  
Elazhari Mehrab ◽  
Omar Kharoubi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mercury Chloride ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Pistacia Atlantica ◽  
The Brain

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of 150 mg / kg extract of the plant Pistacia atlantica against mercury-induced oxidative stress Methods: Hg was administered intraperitoneally (2,5 mg/kg body weight, one time a week), and P. atlantica and were given orally by gavage at a daily dose (150 mg/kg body weight) to rats for 32 days. 24 male adult Albinos Wistar rats were divided into four groups: group 1 Control, group 2 (HgCl2) group 3 (Hg + P. atlantica) and group 4 (P. atlantica). Paramatrical tests of oxidative stress and histological sections of the cerebral parenchyma. Results: Our results showed that the intraperitoneal injection of mercury chloride HgCl2 causes deleterious effects in the brain resulting in: a failure of redox status by disrupting the antioxidant defense system by a significant decrease in the activity of catalase glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-s-transferase and superoxide dismutase acetylcholinesterase and increase of the activity of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase. The levels of lipid peroxidation markers were high in TBARS intoxicated rats with protein oxidation increased in the brain intoxicated by. The continuous use of mercury is also at the origin, in brain tissue However, supplementation of P. atlantica extract with mercury-treated rats attenuated some of the harmful and toxic effects of this metal. This clearly demonstrates the protective roles of this plant Keywords: mercury, Pistacia atlantica, Wistar rat, brain, antioxidant, neurotoxicity.

scholarly journals IN VIVO HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF CAFFEIC ACID ON MERCURIC CHLORIDE-INDUCED BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN ALBINO WISTAR RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
MANOGARAN MANJU ◽  
GANESAN JAGASEESAN
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Sublethal Dose ◽  
Mercury Chloride

Objective: Mercury (Hg) is a highly dangerous and also one of the harmful heavy metals which induces oxidative stress in the animal body. The present study is planned to examine the possible defensive result of caffeic acid (CA) against mercury chloride (HgCl2)-induced hepatotoxicity in male albino Wistar rats, Rattus norvegicus. Methods: Sublethal dose of HgCl2 (1.29 mg/kg body weight) was administrated in rats for 15 days through oral dose and the CA was administrated for another 15 days on mercuric-intoxicated rats. After completing the scheduled exposure time, the rats were sacrificed and the whole liver organ was removed immediately from the animal, and it was used to carry out for biochemical and bioenzymological studies to observe. Results: The level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) content reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the liver tissue. CA is an energetic component in the phenolic propolis extract and also in a wide variety of plants, and a strong antioxidant helps to prevent oxidative damage and to reduce oxidative stress. The antioxidants such as GPx, CAT, and SOD and non-antioxidant GSH were significantly decreased, and also, the LPO level was increased in mercury toxicity rats. The treatment of CA (5 mg/kg body weight) in the liver tissue shows considerable declining in the level of oxidant content and along with an increase in the level of antioxidant properties by the way of improvement in liver tissues. Antioxidant and non-antioxidant enzyme (LOP, GSH, GPx, SOD, and CAT) activities were also significantly decreased to near untreated control level when compared to Hg-treated group. The CA acid alone treatment showed the enhanced antioxidant levels and not any alteration in the levels of biochemical parameters when compared with control. Conclusion: These observations of the present experimental study clearly explained the detoxify effects and protective effect of CA against HgCl2 toxicity in liver tissue.

scholarly journals Indices of the DNA repair system in the brain of fish as a biomarker of inorganic mercury burden

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
V. S. Nedzvetsky ◽  
V. Ya. Gasso ◽  
R. O. Novitskyi ◽  
I. A. Hasso
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Inorganic Mercury ◽  
Mercury Chloride ◽  
Repair System ◽  
Fish Brain ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
The Brain

Mercury is a widespread heavy metal that causes a stable and prolonged environmental pollution. Low concentrations of inorganic and organic mercury compounds are found in almost all water bodies. The high level of mercury bioaccumulation is a cause of tissue-specific toxicity, including neurotoxicity. Absorbed in nervous tissue mercury can cause brain disorders both in neural and glial cells. The brain of fish is considered one of the most susceptible targets for cytotoxicity of mercury in aquatic ecosystems. Taking into account that different forms of mercury have widespread distribution and exhibit a strong neurotoxic effect, the assessment of mercury cytotoxicity in the brain of fish is relevant and extremely important. Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss was exposed to mercury chloride in the dose range of 5-20 μg/L for 60 days to study the chronic exposure of low doses. In this paper, we studied the influence of inorganic mercury on oxidative stress, DNA repair proteins – ERCC1 and PARP1 in the trout’s brain. The results obtained have shown that the chronic effect of inorganic mercury causes dose-dependent oxidative stress in the fish brain. In addition, low concentrations of mercury (10 and 20 μg/L) caused a decrease in the content of ERCC1 in the brain of fish. On the contrary, the same doses have caused an increase in PARP1 expression. That is the chronic influence of low concentrations of inorganic mercury has a negative effect in the fish brain. Observed results showed that inorganic mercury has a potential for suppressing DNA repair and, therefore, increases the instability of genome. Thus, ERCC1 and PARP1 can be considered as the sensitive biomarkers of mercury cytotoxicity in the fish brain. A further study of mercury neurotoxicity is needed to find out the hazard of mercury environmental pollution as well as a validation of biomarkers of their impact.

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