Experimental effects of cadmium on physiological response of Callinectes danae (Crustacea, Portunidae) from environments with different levels of Cd contamination

2021 ◽  
pp. 109210
Author(s):  
P. Ortega ◽  
H.A. Vitorino ◽  
S. Green ◽  
F.P. Zanotto ◽  
J.S. Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Response ◽  
Cd Contamination ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Callinectes Danae

Tracing the physiological response and behavioral performance of drivers at different levels of mental workload using driving simulators

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 213-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Zokaei ◽  
Mohammad Javad Jafari ◽  
Reza Khosrowabadi ◽  
Ali Nahvi ◽  
Sohila Khodakarim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Response ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Behavioral Performance ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Different Levels

scholarly journals HIGH RUMINATION AND LOW AMINO ACIDS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASED RISK OF METABOLIC SYNDROME

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S955-S955
Author(s):  
Jessie Alwerdt ◽  
Yuan Tian ◽  
Andrew D Patterson ◽  
Martin Sliwinski
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Thought Processes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Middle Aged Adults ◽  
Everyday Stress ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an increasing epidemic worldwide. Identifying modifiable behaviors that intersect with the association between MetS and associated metabolites could result in alternative methods to prevent those at risk for MetS. Here we investigate the moderation of ruminating thought processes between metabolites and MetS. Rumination has been linked to exacerbating the physiological response of stress and increasing the risk for poor health outcomes, such as hypertension. Data consisted of 180 middle-aged adults from Bronx, NY. MetS was calculated based on the NIH guidelines using waist, triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins, blood pressure, and glucose. Using NMR-based metabolomics, 26 serum metabolites were obtained. The Rumination-Reflection Questionnaire measured rumination of thoughts. Interactions between rumination and each metabolite were conducted with logistic regressions (e.g., Valinexrumination). Overall, significant moderation occurred with the greatest effect involving different levels of phenylalanine, betaine, creatine, and isoleucine with higher rumination in relation to the increased probability for MetS. The greatest risk for MetS was in those who were high ruminators and had low values of these AAs. Therefore, within those who are high ruminators, an increase in these AAs may be beneficial in improving the risk for MetS. Further, in those who are low ruminators, minimal moderation occurred. AAs disturbance has been linked with MetS in past studies, as well as in mental health. These results suggest that ways of handling thoughts that are intertwined with everyday stress may exacerbate these associations and could benefit with modification.

scholarly journals Morpho-physiological response of Solanum macrocarpon L. seedlings to different light intensities

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 481-487
Author(s):  
Damilola Grace Ogunrotimi ◽  
Joshua Kayode
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Direct Sunlight ◽  
Stunted Growth ◽  
Light Intensities ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Better Than

Seedlings of Solanum macrocarpon L. were transplanted into experimental pots containing 3 kg soil and placed under different levels of solar radiation to investigate their response to light intensities. The growth parameters revealed that seedlings under direct sunlight performed better than the ones under shade of mesh net. The plants growing under the shade had stunted growth and were highly susceptible to leaf abscission compared to those under direct sunlight which produced healthy stem and sturdy leaves. This could suggest S. macrocarpon possess higher tolerance to solar radiation. However, seedlings of under direct sunlight produced higher leaf area, leaf number, plant height and stem diameter than those under shade. High leaf area is important for light interception to allow for photosynthesis. These findings revealed that Solanum macrocarpon grows optimally under direct sunlight.

scholarly journals Anxiety from a Phylogenetic Perspective: Is there a Qualitative Difference between Human and Animal Anxiety?

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Belzung ◽  
Pierre Philippot
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Qualitative Difference ◽  
Great Apes ◽  
Cognitive Responses ◽  
Central Nervous Systems ◽  
Phylogenetic Perspective ◽  
Autonoetic Consciousness ◽  
Expression Of Emotions ◽  
Different Levels

A phylogenetic approach to anxiety is proposed. The different facets of human anxiety and their presence at different levels of the phylum are examined. All organisms, including unicellular such as protozoan, can display a specific reaction to danger. The mechanisms enabling the appraisal of harmful stimuli are fully present in insects. In higher invertebrates, fear is associated with a specific physiological response. In mammals, anxiety is accompanied by specific cognitive responses. The expression of emotions diversifies in higher vertebrates, only primates displaying facial expressions. Finally, autonoetic consciousness, a feature essential for human anxiety, appears only in great apes. This evolutive feature parallels the progress in the complexity of the logistic systems supporting it (e.g., the vegetative and central nervous systems). The ability to assess one's coping potential, the diversification of the anxiety responses, and autonoetic consciousness seem relevant markers in a phylogenetic perspective.

scholarly journals Lead, Cadmium, Zinc, and Copper Bioavailability in the Soil-Plant-Animal System in a Polluted Area

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 273-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violina R. Angelova ◽  
Radka V. Ivanova ◽  
Jivko M. Todorov ◽  
Krasimir I. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Cd Contamination ◽  
Animal System ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Zn And Cu In ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Selective Character ◽  
Cadmium Zinc

A comparative research study on the bioavailability of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu in the soil-plant-animal-system was carried out. The connection between the total quantity and the mobile forms of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu in soils with different levels of contamination; the transition of these metals into rapeseed; and their assimilation by rabbits fed with a food that consisted mainly of rapeseed was studied. It was established that the absorption of heavy metals by the rapeseed definitely has a selective character, as the affinity towards Zn is most strongly expressed. The accumulation of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu in the organs of the rapeseed occurs in the following order: inflorescences > leaves > stems. A direct connection between the quantity of the mobile forms and their accumulation in the plants was not found. The environmental contamination has a significant effect on heavy metal levels and distribution, as the largest quantity of all four elements is accumulated in the kidneys and liver. A well-expressed impact of the level of Cd contamination on the absorption of essential trace metals (Zn and Cu) and their accumulation into some of the organs of the animals was found.

Coupled Metabolome With Physiology Unveiled Mechanisms for Cadmium Affecting Active Ingredients Synthesis in Salvia Miltiorrhiza, A Non-cd-hyperaccumulator

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yuan ◽  
Haihui Fu ◽  
Xiaoyun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Bioconcentration Factor ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Salvia Miltiorrhiza ◽  
Relative Content ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
Cd Contamination ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract BackgroundCadmium (Cd) poses threats to human health by affecting the safety (Cd accumulation) and quantity (contents of active ingredients) of Salvia miltiorrhiza due to human activities and Cd characteristics. It remains largely unknown how Cd stress affects the synthesis of active ingredients in S. miltiorrhiza. ResultsHere we investigated physiologies (contents of Cd, malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline, and activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT)), transfer factor (TF), bioconcentration factor (BCF) and metabolites of S. miltiorrhiza at different levels of Cd contamination with a pot experiment. The results revealed that Cd concentration, as it rose in soil, increased significantly in roots and leaves with TFs and BCFs below 1 in the Cd addition groups; POD and CAT activities and proline content increased and then declined significantly. Besides, amino acids and organic acids (especially D-glutamine (D-Gln), L-aspartic acid (L-Asp), L-phenylalanine (L-Phe), L-tyrosine (L-Try), geranylgeranyl-PP (GGPP), and rosmarinic acid (RA)) contributed more than other metabolites in discriminating roots under different levels of Cd contamination. With Cd concentration rising, the relative content of GGPP declined and then increased significantly; RA content rose significantly; content of L-Phe and L-Try increased and then declined significantly, while the content of D-Gln and L-Try decreased and then increased significantly. Conclusions These results suggested that S. miltiorrhiza belonged to a non-Cd-hyperaccumulator with most Cd accumulated in roots; Cd enhanced the RA synthesis via regulating amino acid metabolism but inhibited the tanshinone synthesis mainly by declining the GGPP content, with proline, POD and CAT playing vital roles in resisting Cd stress.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document