A high loading overland flow system: Impacts on soil characteristics, grass constituents, yields and nutrient removal

Chemosphere ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 1588-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.G. Wen ◽  
T.H. Chen ◽  
F.H. Hsu ◽  
C.H. Lu ◽  
J.B. Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
High Loading

How does the loading rate affect the performance of an overland flow system in treating domestic sewage?

2019 ◽  
Vol 138 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Haibo Li ◽  
Yinghua Li ◽  
Xinyang Xu ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Lei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overland Flow ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Domestic Sewage

Paludiculture Crops And Nitrogen Kick-Start Ecosystem Service Provisioning In Rewetted Peat Soils

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renske Vroom ◽  
Jeroen Geurts ◽  
Reinder Nouta ◽  
Annieke Borst ◽  
Leon Lamers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Service Provisioning ◽  
N Loading ◽  
Limed Soil

Abstract PurposePaludiculture (crop cultivation in wet peatlands) can prevent carbon and nutrient losses while enabling biomass production. As vegetation in rewetted peatlands is often nitrogen (N) limited, input of N rich water may promote biomass production and nutrient removal. However, it is unclear how N loading and soil characteristics affect biomass yield, nutrient dynamics, and ecosystem service provisioning in paludicultures. MethodsWe studied the influence of N loading (0, 50, 150, and 450 kg N ha-1 yr-1) on biomass production and nutrient sequestration of Typha latifolia (broadleaf cattail) and Phragmites australis (common reed) on a limed agricultural peat soil after rewetting. To assess the interaction with soil characteristics T. latifolia was also grown on a non-limed former agricultural soil.ResultsN loading stimulated biomass production and nutrient uptake of both T. latifolia and P. australis, with T. latifolia showing the most pronounced response. Biomass yield of T. latifolia was higher in the limed soil than in the non-limed soil due to a higher pH, despite lower nutrient availability. N was largely taken up by the vegetation, whereas bare soils showed N accumulation in pore and surface water, and 80% loss through denitrification. Phosphorus in the soil was efficiently taken up by T. latifolia, especially at high N loads.ConclusionN loading in paludicultures with T. latifolia and P. australis boosts biomass production while kick-starting peatland ecosystem services including nutrient removal. Nutrient availability and pH appear to be decisive soil characteristics when it comes to crop selection.

Sewage Treatment in Constructed Reed Beds – Danish Experiences

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 1665-1668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Brix ◽  
Hans-Henrik Schierup
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hydraulic Permeability ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Reed Beds ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Run Off

The working experiences from twenty-five Danish constructed reed beds are summarised. The removal efficiency with respect to BOD is typically 70-90% after one growing season producing a consistent effluent concentration of less than 20 mg/l. The typical reduction of total-nitrogen and total-phosphorus is 25-50% and 20-40%, respectively. The poor performance with respect to nitrogen and phosphorus can be ascribed to (a) surface run-off (low permeability of the soil) which prevents the sewage from getting into the rhizosphere, and (b) insufficient release of oxygen from the root-system of the reeds to secure a quantitative significant nitrification. The nutrient removal is therefore dependent on the hydraulic loading rate. Only reed beds with loading rates of less than 2 cm/d show a purifying effect in respect of nitrogen and phosphorus better than 50%. The hydraulic permeability of the soil develops slowly, if ever. Even after four growing seasons overland flow predominates, typically forming a pattern covering only a part of the reed bed area. However, as most of the Danish reed beds are constructed on sites with no demand for nutrient removal, the systems function satisfactorily from the point of view of meeting the discharge standards.

Comparison of Biocenoses from Continuous and Sequencing Batch Reactors

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 239-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wanner
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Continuous Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactors ◽  
Filamentous Microorganisms

Sequencing batch reactors (SBR) are often used for research on nutrient removal systems. A model anaerobic-oxic SBR was compared with a compartmentalized continuous-flow system. The levels of COD, phosphorus, and nitrogen removal in both systems were comparable but the biocenoses differed significantly. The SVI values of activated sludge from the continuous reactor ranged between 100 and 200 ml/g although no significant occurrence of filamentous microorganisms was observed. The sequencing batch reactor produced activated sludge with the SVIs below 100 ml/g and with high settling velocities. Filamentous microorganisms were frequently observed in the biocenosis of the SBR. The differences in settling properties and filamentous growth in both reactors are discussed and explained.

Post-treatment of anaerobic effluents in an overland flow system

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A.L. Chernicharo ◽  
R. da Silva Cota ◽  
A.M. Zerbini ◽  
M. von Sperling ◽  
L.H. Novy de Castro Brito
Keyword(s):  
Overland Flow ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Treatment Unit ◽  
Organic Matter Concentration ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Hydraulic Regime ◽  
Pattern Variable

This research aimed at the investigation of an overland flow system applied to the post-treatment of anaerobic effluents. The system treated domestic sewage in Itabira City (Brazil), being composed by an anaerobic reactor and an overland flow system, the latter working as a post-treatment unit. A portion of the reactor's effluent was directed to a group of three overland flow slopes (demonstration scale), that were operated with different application rates. During Phase 1 of the research, the overland flow system was fed under a permanent hydraulic regime (constant flows), having as inflow the effluent from an UASB reactor (full-scale, volume of 477 m3). During Phase 2, the overland system was fed under a hydraulic transient pattern (variable flows with hourly variations), having as inflow the effluent from a partitioned UASB reactor (demonstration-scale, volume of 9 m3). In general, the performance of the overland flow system as a polishing step was very good, mainly because of the low solids and organic matter concentration in the final effluent (average values of BOD from 48 to 62 mg/L; COD from 98 to 119 mg/L and SS from 17 to 57 mg/L). Regarding nutrients and coliforms, the system also reached satisfactory efficiency levels. Based on the experience obtained with this study, it is suggested that overland flow systems, working as post-treatment step of UASB reactors, can work with application rates in the range of 0.4 to 0.5 m3/m.h, which are higher than those normally applied.

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