Development of a novel scheme for rapid screening for environmental micropollutants in emergency situations (REPE) and its application for comprehensive analysis of tsunami sediments deposited by the great east Japan earthquake

Relevance. The relevance of the problem is determined by the importance of rail transport in Russia for supporting a diversified economy and implementing socially important services for transportation of goods, baggage and passengers. A system of rapid response and medical assistance to victims in large-scale emergencies on the railway also exists due to large numbers of victims and remoteness of emergency areas from large settlements.Intention. To develop an algorithm for predicting irretrievable and sanitary losses depending on the nature and conditions of railway accidents.Methods. A comprehensive analysis of the 200 most significant railway accidents in the world from 1960 to 2018. Using statistical procedures, the determinants of the number of victims were assessed.Results and discussion. The average data, the dispersion of the number of victims in emergency situations on the railway were determined depending on the nature of accidents. The factors influencing the number of sanitary and irretrievable losses are identified. A predictive algorithm to determine the number of victims depending on the nature and conditions of railway accidents. The structure of injuries in victims depending on the nature and conditions of railway accidents is described.Conclusion. The data obtained in the study will help in making decisions on the elimination of emergency situations on the railway.

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Information Balance between Transmitters and Receivers Based on the Twitter after Great East Japan Earthquake

International Journal of Knowledge and Systems Science ◽

10.4018/jkss.2013040107 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 66-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Masahiro Moriya ◽

Mina Ryoke

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Power ◽

Daily Life ◽

Supply And Demand ◽

Great East Japan Earthquake ◽

Specific Information ◽

Objective Data ◽

Affected Area ◽

Emergency Situations ◽

Twitter Account ◽

The Government

In this paper, Information Balance between supply and demand of information is considered. In general, differences between informational transmitter and receivers are often observed, and it is not so surprising in daily life. However, it would give serious influences for the receivers to make decisions about their next action in the emergency situations like disasters. In this paper, the government is assigned a role as the informational transmitter and the citizen have roles of the receivers. This paper is to find out supply and demand of information (“Information balance”) between government and citizens regarding Great East Japan Earthquake and Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident. Information from Government is picked up from tweets of @kantei saigai, official twitter account of Prime Minister’s Office, and total 56 accounts whose profiles have some relationship to the affected area are collected as receiver. According to several analysis performance, we found out following three points. 1) There were information imbalance between government and citizens related to the affected area, 2) citizens required not only objective data about radiation but also impact and countermeasure for that, 3) citizens covered that information imbalance by following media twitter accounts providing prefectural and specific information.

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Comparison of Two Evacuation Shelter Operating Policies and the Role of Public Health Nurses after the Great East Japan Earthquake: A Qualitative Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17228310 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (22) ◽

pp. 8310

Author(s):

Hiroko Mori ◽

Shuichi P. Obuchi ◽

Yasuhiro Sugawara ◽

Takeo Nakayama ◽

Ryutaro Takahashi

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Great East Japan Earthquake ◽

Constructivist Grounded Theory ◽

Public Health Nurses ◽

Theory Approach ◽

Personal Factors ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Small Organizations ◽

Emergency Situations

This study describes shelter operations by public health nurses (PHNs) in Kesennuma City, located near the epicenter of the Great East Japan Earthquake, which occurred on March 11, 2011. The data were semi-structured interviews with 10 PHNs, 2 nutritionists, and 2 general administrators conducted from July 2013 to January 2014. All transcripts were analyzed using the constructivist grounded theory approach. We identified two operating methods for shelters: shelters stationed by PHNs in the Old City, and shelters patrolled by PHNs in the merged district. These methods were compared using four themes. In emergency situations, “operational periods,” a predetermined short term for a leader to perform his/her duties responsibly, could be adopted for relatively small organizations on the frontline. PHNs must not only attempt to operate shelters on their own but also encourage residents to manage the shelters as well. Moreover, human resource allocation should be managed independently of personal factors, as strong relationships between shelter residents would sometimes disturb the flexibility of the response. Even when a situation requires PHNs to stay in shelters, frequent collecting of information and updating the plan according to response progress will help to maintain effective shelter operations.

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A Fusion Network for Nautical On-Board Communications

Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science ◽

10.11591/ijeecs.v9.i1.pp1-4 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Capt. Samson Joseph

Keyword(s):

Wireless Sensor Network ◽

Sensor Network ◽

Communication System ◽

Comprehensive Analysis ◽

Wireless Sensor ◽

Fusion System ◽

Current Technology ◽

Emergency Situations ◽

Backward Compatibility ◽

A Current

Modern maritime on-board communications have to be improved for safety and security. Current technology provides ease and expediency together to the crew and passengers with the help of ubiquitous technologies. Making use of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) on board is a current custom of implementing ubiquitous technology for ships as it is important for an on-board communication system which provides reliability and flexibility for handling emergency situations. Two key phases of this scheme are: merging different on-board communiqué networks into a fusion system and enabling the cooperation between them; smoothly incorporating these networks with a consideration of backward compatibility, ease of deployment and association to shore via Internet. A combined integration move towards is selected based on comprehensive analysis.

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Effects of CPAP Treatment Interruption Due to Disasters: Patients with Sleep-disordered Breathing in the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami Area

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine ◽

10.1017/s1049023x13008959 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 547-555 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fumitaka Mito ◽

Tsuguo Nishijima ◽

Shigeru Sakurai ◽

Tetsuya Kizawa ◽

Keisuke Hosokawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽

Treatment Interruption ◽

Great East Japan Earthquake ◽

Publication Type ◽

Emergency Situations ◽

Power Failure ◽

Cpap Treatment ◽

Symptom Relapse ◽

Device Use ◽

Disordered Breathing

AbstractIntroductionThe 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake caused major disruptions in the provision of health care, including that for patients with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) using a nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) device. This study investigated the ability of SDB patients to continue using the nCPAP device in the weeks immediately following the earthquake, whether inability to use the nCPAP device led to symptom relapse, and measures that should be taken to prevent disruptions in nCPAP therapy during future disasters.HypothesisIf nCPAP devices cannot be used during disasters, SDB patients’ health will be affected negatively.MethodsWithin 14 days of the disaster, 1,047 SDB patients completed a questionnaire that collected data regarding ability to use, duration of inability to use, and reasons for inability to use the nCPAP device; symptom relapse while unable to use the nCPAP device; ability to use the nCPAP device use at evacuation sites; and recommendations for improvement of the nCPAP device.ResultsOf the 1,047 patients, 966 (92.3%) had been unable to use the nCPAP device in the days immediately following the earthquake. The most common reason for inability to use the nCPAP device was power failure, followed by anxiety about sleeping at night due to fear of aftershocks, involvement in disaster-relief activities, loss of the nasal CPAP device, and fear of being unable to wake up in case of an emergency. Among the 966 patients, 242 (25.1%) had experienced relapse of symptoms, the most common of which was excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), followed by insomnia, headache, irritability, and chest pain.ConclusionDeveloping strategies for the continuation of nCPAP therapy during disasters is important for providing healthy sleeping environments for SDB patients in emergency situations.MitoF, NishijimaT, SakuraiS, KizawaT, HosokawaK, TakahashiS, SuwabeA, AkasakaH, KobayashiS. Effects of CPAP treatment interruption due to disasters: patients with sleep-disordered breathing in the Great East Japan Earthquake and tsunami area. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2013;28(6):547-555.

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Rapid screening test for porphyrinuria

Archives of Dermatology ◽

10.1001/archderm.102.2.237 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 102 (2) ◽

pp. 237-237

Author(s):

R. M. McDonald

Keyword(s):

Screening Test ◽

Rapid Screening ◽

Rapid Screening Test

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Das rupturierte infrarenale Aortenaneurysma – eine kritische Analyse

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526.28.1.30 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 30-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Bürger ◽

Meyer ◽

Tautenhahn ◽

Halloul

Keyword(s):

Aortic Aneurysm ◽

Aortic Rupture ◽

Anesthetic Management ◽

Objective Evaluation ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Apache Ii ◽

Apache Ii Score ◽

Infrarenal Aortic Aneurysm ◽

Emergency Situations ◽

Probability Of Death

Background: Objective evaluation of the management of patients with ruptured infrarenal aortic aneurysm in emergency situations has been described rarely. Patients and methods: Fifty-two consecutive patients with ruptured infrarenal aortic aneurysm (mean age, 70.3 years; range, 56–89 years; SD 7.8) were admitted between January 1993 and March 1998. Emergency protocols, final reports, and follow-up data were analyzed retrospectively. APACHE II scores at admission and fifth postoperative day were assessed. Results: The time between the appearance of first symptoms and the referral of patients to the hospital was more than 5 hours in 37 patients (71%). Thirty-eight patients (71%) had signs of shock at time of admission. Ultrasound was performed in 81% of patients as the first diagnostic procedure. The most frequent site of aortic rupture was the left retroperitoneum (87%). Intraoperatively, acute left ventricular failure occurred in four patients, and cardiac arrest in two others. The postoperative course was complicated significantly in 34 patients. The overall mortality rate was 36.5% (n = 19). In 35 patients, APACHE II score was assessed, showing a probability of death of more than 40% in five patients and lower than 30% in 17 others. No patient showing probability of death of above 75% at the fifth postoperative day survived (n = 7). Conclusions: Ruptured aortic aneurysm demands surgical intervention. Clinical outcome is also influenced by preclinical and anesthetic management. The severity of disease as well as the patient’s prognosis can be approximated using APACHE II score. Treatment results of heterogenous patient groups can be compared.

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Re-Increased Male Suicide Rates in the Recovery Phase Following the Great East Japan Earthquake

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000656 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

pp. 422-428 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Masatsugu Orui

Keyword(s):

Social Connectedness ◽

Recovery Phase ◽

Great East Japan Earthquake ◽

Temporary Housing ◽

Period Analysis ◽

Suicide Rates ◽

Male Suicide ◽

The Social ◽

The Difference

Abstract. Background: Monitoring of suicide rates in the recovery phase following a devastating disaster has been limited. Aim: We report on a 7-year follow-up of the suicide rates in the area affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake, which occurred in March 2011. Method: This descriptive study covered the period from March 2009 to February 2018. Period analysis was used to divide the 108-month study period into nine segments, in which suicide rates were compared with national averages using Poisson distribution. Results: Male suicide rates in the affected area from March 2013 to February 2014 increased to a level higher than the national average. After subsequently dropping, the male rates from March 2016 to February 2018 re-increased and showed a greater difference compared with the national averages. The difference became significant in the period from March 2017 to February 2018 ( p = .047). Limitations: Specific reasons for increasing the rates in the recovery phase were not determined. Conclusion: The termination of the provision of free temporary housing might be influential in this context. Provision of temporary housing was terminated from 2016, which increased economic hardship among needy evacuees. Furthermore, disruption of the social connectedness in the temporary housing may have had an influence. Our findings suggest the necessity of suicide rate monitoring even in the recovery phase.

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