Enhancing Cr(VI) bio-reduction by conductive materials and enrichment of functional microbes under anaerobic conditions

Conductive polymer hydrogels, which combine the advantages of both polymers and conductive materials, have huge potential in flexible supercapacitors.

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The Reaction of Thiol Compounds with the Vitamin-K Dependent Clotting Factors

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1653570 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 21 (03) ◽

pp. 573-579 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P Fantl

Keyword(s):

Prothrombin Time ◽

Vitamin K ◽

Anaerobic Conditions ◽

Clotting Factors ◽

Thiol Compounds ◽

Aerobic Conditions ◽

One Stage ◽

Factor Ii ◽

Ph Dependent ◽

The One

SummaryTreatment of human and dog oxalated plasma with 0.2 to 1.0 × 10−1 M 2.3-dithiopropanol (BAL) or dithiothreitol (DTT) at 2–4° C for 30 min results in the reduction of the vitamin-K dependent clotting factors II, VII, IX and X to the respective-SH derivatives. The reaction is pH dependent. Under aerobic conditions the delayed one stage prothrombin time can be partly reversed. Under anaerobic conditions a gradual prolongation of the one stage prothrombin time occurs without reversal.In very diluted plasma treated with the dithiols, prothrombin can be converted into thrombin if serum as source of active factors VII and X is added. In contrast SH factors VII, IX and X are inactive in the specific tests. Reoxidation to active factors II, VII, IX and X takes place during adsorption and elution of the SH derivatives. The experiments have indicated that not only factor II but also factors VII, IX and X have active-S-S-centres.

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METABOLISM OF 17α-HYDROXYPROGESTERONE-4-14C-17α-CAPROATE BY HOMOGENATES OF RAT LIVER AND HUMAN PLACENTA

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0360511 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 511-519 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Margaret Wiener ◽

Charles I. Lupa ◽

E. Jürgen Plotz

Keyword(s):

Rat Liver ◽

Human Placenta ◽

Steric Hindrance ◽

Placental Tissue ◽

Caproic Acid ◽

Major Product ◽

Side Chain ◽

Anaerobic Conditions ◽

Prolonged Action ◽

Long Acting

ABSTRACT 17α-hydroxyprogesterone-4-14C-17α-caproate (HPC), a long-acting progestational agent, was incubated with homogenates of rat liver and human placenta. The rat liver was found to reduce Ring A of HPC under anaerobic conditions to form allopregnane-3β,17α-diol-20-one-17α-caproate and pregnane-3β,17α-diol-20-one-17α-caproate, the allopregnane isomer being the major product. The caproic acid ester was neither removed nor altered during the incubation. Placental tissue did not attack HPC under conditions where the 20-ketone of progesterone was reduced. It is postulated that this absence of attack on the side chain is due to steric hindrance from the caproate ester, and that this may account for the prolonged action of HPC.

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Effect of Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions on Chlorophenol Sorption in Wetland Soils

Soil Science Society of America Journal ◽

10.2136/sssaj2003.0787 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 787 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Elisa D'Angelo ◽

K. R. Reddy

Keyword(s):

Wetland Soils ◽

Anaerobic Conditions ◽

Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽

Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions

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Anaerobic treatment of soil wash fluids from a wood preserving site

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1998.0278 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 38 (7) ◽

pp. 63-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

K. M. Miller ◽

M. T. Suidan ◽

G. A. Sorial ◽

A. P. Khodadoust ◽

C. M. Acheson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Washing ◽

Anaerobic Treatment ◽

Integrated System ◽

Waste Stream ◽

Adsorptive Capacity ◽

Anaerobic Conditions ◽

Washing Process ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic ◽

Treatment Technologies ◽

Solvent Washing

An integrated system has been developed to remediate soils contaminated with pentachlorophenol (PCP) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This system involves the coupling of two treatment technologies, soil solvent washing and anaerobic biotreatment of the extract. Specifically, this study evaluated the effectiveness of the granular activated carbon (GAC) fluidized-bed reactor to treat a synthetic waste stream of PCP and four PAHs (naphthalene, acenaphthene, pyrene, and benzo(b)fluoranthene) under anaerobic conditions. This waste stream was intended to simulate the wash fluids from a soil washing process treating soils from a wood preserving site. The reactor achieved a removal efficiency of greater than 99.8% for PCP with conversion to its dechlorination intermediates ranging from 47% to 77%. Effluent, carbon extraction, and isotherm data also indicate that naphthalene and acenaphthene were removed from the liquid phase with efficiencies of 86% and 93%, respectively. Effluent levels of pyrene and benzo(b)fluoranthene were extremely low due to the adsorptive capacity of GAC for these compounds. Experimental evidence does not suggest that these compounds were chemically transformed within the reactor.

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Mechanism of inhibition of succinate oxidase by products of oxidation of o-dihydroxycoumarins

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19800641 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 641-652

Author(s):

Petr Zbořil

Keyword(s):

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Oxidase Activity ◽

Enzyme Preparation ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Anaerobic Conditions ◽

Long Period ◽

Mechanism Of Inhibition ◽

Intermediary Product ◽

Succinate Oxidase ◽

By Products

Semiquinone is an intermediary product of the oxidation of daphnetin (7,8-dihydroxycoumarin) and esculetin (6,7-dihydroxycoumarin) by diphenol oxidase; its concentration rapidly decreases. When the oxidation is effected by ferricytochrome c, the concentration of the semiquinone remains practically constant for a long period. Similarly, the ability of the products of daphnetin oxidation by diphenol oxidase to inhibit succinate oxidase activity in mitochondrial fragments rapidly decreases with time; the decrease is considerably slower in the case of cytochrome c. The inhibitory activity of the product decreases with time also during esculetin oxidation by ferricyanide. This indicates that the inhibitory effects must be ascribed predominantly to the semiquinone, the quinone is less efficient. The inhibition of succinate oxidase or succinate dehydrogenase was strongly decreased when the enzyme preparation of Keilin and Hartree was incubated with esculetin and ferricyanide in the presence of KCN or under anaerobic conditions. This demonstrates that the reaction of the inhibitor with the enzyme either involves subsequent oxidations or that the inhibitor preferentially reacts with the oxidized form of the sensitive component of the respiratory chain. The second alternative is very little probable since there is no correlation between the degree of inhibition and the binding of the inhibitor to mitochondrial fragments.

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New highly efficient coulometric cell with homogenous potential distribution on the working electrode

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19860636 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 636-642

Author(s):

Michal Németh ◽

Ján Mocák

Keyword(s):

Chemical Reactions ◽

Potential Distribution ◽

Anaerobic Conditions ◽

Highly Efficient ◽

Working Electrode ◽

Constant Potential ◽

Quantitative Analyses ◽

Mechanism And Kinetics ◽

Kinetics Of

A highly efficient coulometric cell was designed and constructed, ensuring a constant potential over the whole surface of the working electrode and suitable for very rapid electrolysis. It consists of concentric cylindrical Teflon parts; also the working and auxiliary electrodes are cylindrical and concentric. Electrolysis can be carried out under anaerobic conditions. Functioning of the cell was tested on the oxidation of hexacyanoferrate(II) and chlorpromazine and reduction of hexacyanoferrate(III). The new cell is suitable for routine quantitative analyses and in studying the mechanism and kinetics of moderately rapid chemical reactions.

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Biochemical studies on the production of neuraminidase by environmental isolates of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 from Bulgaria

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/w11-042 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 57 (7) ◽

pp. 606-610 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Rumyana Eneva ◽

Stephan Engibarov ◽

Tanya Strateva ◽

Radoslav Abrashev ◽

Ignat Abrashev

Keyword(s):

Vibrio Cholerae ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Environmental Isolates ◽

Anaerobic Conditions ◽

Temperature Optimum ◽

Ph Optimum ◽

Cholera Vibrio ◽

Key Factor ◽

Aeration Conditions ◽

The One

Neuraminidase is a key factor in the infectious process of many viruses and pathogenic bacteria. The neuraminidase enzyme secreted by the etiological agent of cholera — Vibrio cholerae О1 — is well studied in contrast with the one produced by non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae. Environmental non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae isolates from Bulgaria were screened for production of neuraminidase. The presence of the neuraminidase gene nanH was detected in 18.5% of the strains. Тhe strain showing highest activity (30 U/mL), V. cholerae non-O1/13, was used to investigate the enzyme production in several media and at different aeration conditions. The highest production of extracellular neuraminidase was observed under microaerophilic conditions, which is possibly related to its role in the infection of intestine epithelium, where the oxygen content is low. On the other hand, this is another advantage of the microbe in such microaerophilic environments as sediments and lake mud. The highest production of intracellular neuraminidase was observed at anaerobic conditions. The ratio of extracellular to intracellular neuraminidase production in V. cholerae was investigated. The temperature optimum of the enzyme was determined to be 50 °C and the pH optimum to be 5.6–5.8.

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