scholarly journals Global value chains and the “missing exports” of the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 101429
Author(s):  
Yuqing Xing
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains

scholarly journals Renewable futures and industrial legacies: Wind and solar sectors in China, Germany, and the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Nahm
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Full Range ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Global Networks ◽  
Emerging Industries ◽  
Original Dataset ◽  
Industrial Specialization

AbstractThis article develops an explanation for patterns of industrial specialization in emerging high-technology industries through a comparative analysis of wind and solar sectors in China, Germany, and the United States. Although governments have held similar industrial policy goals in the support of renewable energy industries, firms in all three economies have established distinct innovative capabilities in response to the policies of the state. This article shows that firms utilize both legacy institutions and engage in relational learning in global networks to carve out distinct niches in emerging industries. Based on an original dataset of more than 200 firm-level interviews, the article suggests that the rise of global value chains has widened the space for national diversity in industrial specialization. Firms no longer have to establish the full range of skills required to bring an idea from lab to market, but can specialize and collaborate with others. In this context, firms respond to industrial policy by incrementally building on existing industrial capabilities and by relying on familiar public resources and institutions, even in emerging industries. These findings point to the role of industrial legacies in shaping firms' positions in global value chains and show that firms are active agents in maintaining distinct industrial specializations and domestic institutions under conditions of globalization.

scholarly journals Global Value Chains’ Disaggregation through Supply Chain Collaboration, Market Turbulence, and Performance Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4151
Author(s):  
Amit Arora ◽  
Anshu Arora ◽  
Julius Anyu ◽  
John McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Supply Chain Collaboration ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Market Turbulence ◽  
Relational Outcomes

This research examines supply chain collaboration effects on organizational performance in global value chain (GVC) infrastructure by focusing on GVC disaggregation, market turbulence, inequality, market globalization, product diversity, exploitation, and technological breakthroughs. The research strives to develop a better understanding of global value chains through relational view, behavioral, and contingency theories along with institutional and stakeholder theories of supply chains. Based on conflicting insights from these theories, this research investigates how relationships and operational outcomes of collaboration fare when market turbulence is present. Data is obtained and analyzed from focal firms that are engaged in doing business in emerging markets (e.g., India), and headquartered in the United States. We investigate relational outcomes (e.g., trust, credibility, mutual respect, and relationship commitment) among supply chain partners, and found that these relational outcomes result in better operational outcomes (e.g., profitability, market share increase, revenue generation, etc.). From managerial standpoint, supply chain managers should focus on relational outcomes that can strengthen operational outcomes in GVCs resulting in stronger organizational performance. The research offers valuable insights for theory and practice of global value chains by focusing on the GVC disaggregation through the measurement of market turbulence, playing a key role in the success of collaborative buyer–supplier relationships (with a focus on US companies doing business in India) leading to an overall improved firm performance.

Value in the values: pasture-raised livestock products offer opportunities for reconnecting producers and consumers

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Conner ◽  
Victoria Campbell-Arvai ◽  
Michael W. Hamm
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Shared Values ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Concurrent Development ◽  
Food Animals ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Depth Interviews

AbstractPasture-based livestock production holds promise in helping to reinvigorate small and mid-scale farming, as well as farm communities, across the United States. In this study, in-depth interviews of pasture-based livestock producers, meat processors and buyers were conducted to determine behaviors, attitudes and expectations with regard to pasture-based livestock production. In addition, consumers were polled to determine their attitudes with respect to how food animals are raised and treated. Results revealed many shared values between those involved in raising, processing and distributing animal products, as well as consumers, indicating an opportunity for a ‘re-embedding’ of livestock production based on these shared values. The concurrent development of both direct and extended markets, e.g. values-based value chains, is suggested as one way of addressing the difficulties faced by individual farmers in processing and distributing animal products with their provenance and underlying values intact.

The impact of COVID-19 on the economy and international economic relations of the Republic of Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-179
Author(s):  
I. A. Sukhanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Free Trade Agreements ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted global trade in goods and services and has exposed weaknesses in the existing structures for international interaction within the global value chains in the Asia-Pacific region, including the United States of America, Japan and the Republic of Korea. The dependence of these economies on the People's Republic of China negatively affected the production processes of the largest industrial companies. To minimize the existing risks, countries are actively participating in and developing free trade agreements, which helps to diversify the geography of participants in global value chains and sales markets. The Government of the Republic of Korea has demonstrated its ability to effectively combat the COVID-19 pandemic by implementing its own strategy of preventive measures and economic stimulus measures. In addition, two new foreign economic initiatives were launched: the New Southern Policy and the New Northern Policy, which could be based on existing and new free trade agreements. Active involvement in global value chains and participation in free trade agreements allowed the Republic of Korea to increase its competitive advantages in the world market and develop its economic potential. The diversification of trading partners under free trade agreements had a positive impact on the country's economic performance during the pandemic and helped to minimize the negative impact of disruptions in foreign trade. The Russian Federation has the opportunity to integrate into new foreign economic trends in South Korea, and there are opportunities to increase the volume of mutual trade between the countries. One of the ways to achieve this goal may be the signing of a bilateral agreement of a free trade zone between the Republic of Korea and the Eurasian Economic Union.

scholarly journals Global Value Chains (GVCS) and COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
V. Varnavskii
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
The Usa ◽  
World Economic

The article discusses the status of Global Value Chains (GVCs) amid the COVID 19 pandemic and their influence on world economic development. Key aspects of the world economy and GVCs transformation in the context of the COVID 19 are studied. A brief overview of the economic literature and development of theoretical frameworks and concepts of Global Value Chains as well as globalisation and “slowbalisation” is provided. The article focuses on estimates of key indicators published by international bodies, such as the United Nations, UNCTAD, UNIDO, OECD, WTO, IMF and others. Various think tanks and other institutions such as World Economic Forum, European Central Bank, McKinsey Global Institute, Deloitte, NBER have been analyzing GVCs’ contribution to the transmission of the COVID 19 macroeconomic shocks across countries. A quantitative assessment of participation in GVCs for countries and regions based on available data in the Trade in Value Added (TiVA) database are discussed. Specific attention is paid to the key GVCs indicators, including exports of intermediate goods and foreign value added share of gross exports. Special attention is paid to the economic downturn in the United States and characteristics of GVCs involving enterprises located in Wuhan (China), which is very important to many global supply chains. Various kinds of long-term trends and structural changes are analyzed. It is noted that gross domestic product (GDP) of the USA in constant 2012 prices (ignoring inflation) fell in the second quarter of 2020 compared to the previous quarter by 31.7% but only 9.1% compared to the first quarter of 2020. It is concluded that improving supply chains’ recovery ability will be an important factor for restoring global economic activity in post-coronavirus times.

Trade reshoring is much trickier than headlines imply

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
The United States ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Limited Impact ◽  
Supply Chain Logistics ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

Subject Supply chain logistics. Significance Policymakers across advanced economies are calling for the repatriation of manufacturing. The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed many countries' dependence on Chinese supply chains, for components used across healthcare, pharmaceuticals, technology, automotive and other sectors. Meanwhile, the global lockdown of industry, including aviation, has upended supply chains, revealing the fragility of the logistics on which they depend and prompting companies to seek resilience through value-chain diversification. The two objectives have become mixed in political discourse, but are distinct. Impacts The risk of contravening international free trade rules will not constrain governments that are increasingly adversarial to China. The United States will press its allies in Asia such as Australia and South Korea to get their companies to move supply chains from China. Increasing the resilience of fragile value chains by creating overlapping sourcing networks will prove cost-prohibitive. Shorter value chains will facilitate end-to-end visibility, letting companies monitor and respond more rapidly to changing conditions. Additive manufacturing technologies will enable more manufacturing close to market in future but have had a limited impact so far.

Correlative microscopy in distrubuted (client/server) computing environments: tools for catalyzing the rapid dissemination of information about the cell biology of the human prostate

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 682-683
Author(s):  
A. Hakam ◽  
J.T. Gau ◽  
M.L. Grove ◽  
B.A. Evans ◽  
M. Shuman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Tissue Bank ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prostate Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Correlative Microscopy ◽  
Client Server ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Transplant Organ

Prostate adenocarcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of men in the United States and is the third leading cause of death in men. Despite attempts at early detection, there will be 244,000 new cases and 44,000 deaths from the disease in the United States in 1995. Therapeutic progress against this disease is hindered by an incomplete understanding of prostate epithelial cell biology, the availability of human tissues for in vitro experimentation, slow dissemination of information between prostate cancer research teams and the increasing pressure to “ stretch” research dollars at the same time staff reductions are occurring.To meet these challenges, we have used the correlative microscopy (CM) and client/server (C/S) computing to increase productivity while decreasing costs. Critical elements of our program are as follows:1) Establishing the Western Pennsylvania Genitourinary (GU) Tissue Bank which includes >100 prostates from patients with prostate adenocarcinoma as well as >20 normal prostates from transplant organ donors.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document