Cognitive and motor event-related potentials in Tourette syndrome and tic disorders: A systematic review

AbstractThere is irrefutable evidence that routine physical activity or exercise can offer considerable health benefits to individuals living with various mental disorders. However, it is not clear what effect physical activity has on the symptoms of Tourette syndrome. Despite a paucity of evidence, physical activity or exercise has already been recommended by various health organizations for the management of tics. We provide a systematic review of the effects of physical activity or exercise on tic symptomology in individuals with Tourette syndrome. Major electronic databases were searched for all available publications before August 2017. Keywords and MeSH terms included “physical activity” or “exercise” or “exercise therapy” or “physical exertion” or “sports” and “tics” or “tic disorders” or “Tourette.” Eight studies were included, the majority of which were case reports. Despite a number of methodological limitations of the included studies, the review points to a trend that the effects of acute physical activity are intensity-dependent, where light intensity may alleviate and vigorous intensity may exacerbate tics. Chronic physical activity, however, appears to reduce the severity of tics even at higher intensity. Several physiological mechanisms may explain the differential effects of acute and chronic physical activity in Tourette syndrome. Future randomized controlled studies should better characterize the effects of different intensities and types of physical activity in Tourette syndrome.

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The Impact of a Cognitive–Behavioral Therapy on Event-Related Potentials in Patients with Tic Disorders or Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviors

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00081 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Simon Morand-Beaulieu ◽

Kieron P. O’Connor ◽

Maxime Richard ◽

Geneviève Sauvé ◽

Julie B. Leclerc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Repetitive Behaviors ◽

Tic Disorders ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Related Potentials ◽

The Impact

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Event-Related Potentials in Relation to Risk-Taking: A Systematic Review

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00111 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Dilushi Chandrakumar ◽

Daniel Feuerriegel ◽

Stefan Bode ◽

Megan Grech ◽

Hannah A. D. Keage

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Risk Taking ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Related Potentials

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A Systematic Review of Cognitive Event-Related Potentials in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease

10.31234/osf.io/75pgb ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Elizabeth R. Paitel ◽

Marielle R. Samii ◽

Kristy A Nielson

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Cognitive Processing ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Complex Tasks ◽

Related Potentials

This systematic review examined whether event-related potentials (ERPs) during higher cognitive processing can detect subtle, early signs of neurodegenerative disease. Original, empirical studies retrieved from PsycINFO and PubMed were reviewed if they analyzed patterns in cognitive ERPs (150ms post-stimulus) differentiating mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), or cognitively intact elders who carry AD risk through the Apolipoprotein-E ε4 allele (ε4+) from healthy older adult controls (HC). The 100 studies meeting inclusion criteria (MCI=47; AD=47; ε4+=6) analyzed N200, P300, N400, and occasionally, later components. While there was variability across studies, patterns of reduced amplitude and delayed latency were apparent in pathological aging, consistent with AD-related brain atrophy and cognitive impairment. These effects were particularly evident in advanced disease progression (i.e., AD > MCI) and in later ERP components measured during complex tasks. Although ERP studies in intact ε4+ elders are thus far scarce, a similar pattern of delayed latency was notable, along with a contrasting pattern of increased amplitude, consistent with compensatory neural activation. This limited work suggests ERPs might be able to index early neural changes indicative of future cognitive decline in otherwise healthy elders. As ERPs are also accessible and affordable relative to other neuroimaging methods, their addition to cognitive assessment might substantively enhance early identification and characterization of neural dysfunction, allowing opportunity for earlier differential diagnosis and targeting of intervention. To evaluate this possibility there is urgent need for well-powered studies assessing late cognitive ERPs during complex tasks, particularly in healthy elders at risk for cognitive decline.

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Electroencephalographic Parameters Differentiating Melancholic Depression, Non-melancholic Depression, and Healthy Controls. A Systematic Review

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.648713 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Caroline Fussing Bruun ◽

Caroline Juhl Arnbjerg ◽

Lars Vedel Kessing

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Unipolar Depression ◽

Control Group ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Melancholic Depression ◽

Related Potentials ◽

The Individual ◽

Almost All

Introduction: The objective of this systematic review was to investigate whether electroencephalographic parameters can serve as a tool to distinguish between melancholic depression, non-melancholic depression, and healthy controls in adults.Methods: A systematic review comprising an extensive literature search conducted in PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and PsycINFO in August 2020 with monthly updates until November 1st, 2020. In addition, we performed a citation search and scanned reference lists. Clinical trials that performed an EEG-based examination on an adult patient group diagnosed with melancholic unipolar depression and compared with a control group of non-melancholic unipolar depression and/or healthy controls were eligible. Risk of bias was assessed by the Strengthening of Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist.Results: A total of 24 studies, all case-control design, met the inclusion criteria and could be divided into three subgroups: Resting state studies (n = 5), sleep EEG studies (n = 10), and event-related potentials (ERP) studies (n = 9). Within each subgroup, studies were characterized by marked variability on almost all levels, preventing pooling of data, and many studies were subject to weighty methodological problems. However, the main part of the studies identified one or several EEG parameters that differentiated the groups.Conclusions: Multiple EEG modalities showed an ability to distinguish melancholic patients from non-melancholic patients and/or healthy controls. The considerable heterogeneity across studies and the frequent methodological difficulties at the individual study level were the main limitations to this work. Also, the underlying premise of shifting diagnostic paradigms may have resulted in an inhomogeneous patient population.Systematic Review Registration: Registered in the PROSPERO registry on August 8th, 2020, registration number CRD42020197472.

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Electrophysiology Echoes Brain Dynamics in Children and Adolescents With Tourette Syndrome—A Developmental Perspective

Frontiers in Neurology ◽

10.3389/fneur.2021.587097 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Aribert Rothenberger ◽

Hartmut Heinrich

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Tourette Syndrome ◽

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Brain Dynamics ◽

High Time Resolution ◽

Sleep Behavior ◽

Pilot Studies ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Related Potentials

The development of the complex clinical picture of motor and vocal tics in children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome (TS) must be paralleled by changes in the underlying pathophysiology. Electrophysiological methods such as EEG and event-related potentials (ERPs) are non-invasive, safe and easy to apply and thus seem to provide an adequate means to investigate brain dynamics during this brain maturational period. Also, electrophysiology is characterized by a high time resolution and can reflect motor, sensory and cognitive aspects as well as sleep behavior. Hence, this narrative review focuses on how electrophysiology echoes brain dynamics during development of youngsters with TS and might be useful for the treatment of tics. A comprehensive picture of developmental brain dynamics could be revealed showing that electrophysiological parameters evolve concurrently with clinical characteristics of TS. Specifically, evidence for a maturational delay of motor inhibition related to cortico-spinal hyper-excitability and brain mechanisms for its cognitive compensation could be shown. Moreover, deviant sleep parameters and probably a stronger perception-action binding were reported. For neuromodulatory treatments (e.g., neurofeedback; repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, rTMS/transcranial direct current stimulation, tDCS) targeting neuronal deficits and/or strengthening compensatory brain mechanisms, pilot studies support the possibility of positive effects regarding tic reduction. Finally, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as a highly frequent co-existing disorder with TS, has to be considered when using and interpreting electrophysiological measures in TS. In conclusion, application of electrophysiology seems to be promising regarding clinical and research aspects in youngsters with TS.

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