Changes in the energy expenditures of patients at the stage of early neurorehabilitation depending on the type of physical activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. S587-S588
Author(s):  
A.V. Yakovleva ◽  
A.A. Chekmarev ◽  
A.E. Shestopalov
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditures

Caloric Intake and Energy Expenditures in India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shari Eli ◽  
Nicholas Li
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

Abstract Total energy expenditures for the Indian population between 1983 and 2012 are estimated to shed light on the debate concerning falling measured caloric intake during the period (A. Deaton and J. Drèze. 2009. “Food and Nutrition in India: Facts and Interpretations.” Economic and Political Weekly 44(7): 42–65). Anthropometric, time-use, and detailed employment surveys are used to estimate the separate components of total energy expenditure related to metabolism and physical activity levels. Despite a significant drop in adult physical activity levels, total energy expenditures are flat overall between 1983 and 2012. Rising metabolic requirements due to increases in weight dampened the effect of falling activity levels on total energy expenditure. In addition, the 10 percent decline in the population share of children in the period raised average total energy expenditures considerably as children have much lower metabolic requirements and activity levels than adults.

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Obesity: Biomechanical and Physiological Key Concepts

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Nantel ◽  
Marie-Eve Mathieu ◽  
François Prince
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Relative Energy ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Musculoskeletal Structure ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Impact

Overweight (OW) and obesity (OB) are often associated with low levels of physical activity. Physical activity is recommended to reduce excess body weight, prevent body weight regain, and decrease the subsequent risks of developing metabolic and orthopedic conditions. However, the impact of OW and OB on motor function and daily living activities must be taken into account. OW and OB are associated with musculoskeletal structure changes, decreased mobility, modification of the gait pattern, and changes in the absolute and relative energy expenditures for a given activity. While changes in the gait pattern have been reported at the ankle, knee, and hip, modifications at the knee level might be the most challenging for articular integrity. This review of the literature combines concepts and aims to provide insights into the prescription of physical activity for this population. Topics covered include the repercussions of OW and OB on biomechanical and physiological responses associated with the musculoskeletal system and daily physical activity. Special attention is given to the effect of OW and OB in youth during postural (standing) and various locomotor (walking, running, and cycling) activities.

Incorporation of Physical Activity Challenges Within a Sport Education–Based Physical Education Class

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hairui Liu ◽  
Peter Hastie
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Sport Education ◽  
Physical Education Class ◽  
Calorie Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Education Class ◽  
Formal Requirement ◽  
Weekly Journal ◽  
The Impact

This study examined the impact of including a formal requirement of achieving predetermined energy expenditures as part of students’ participation grades during a Sport Education–based college physical education class. Calorie consumption was measured using the Heart Zones Blink 3.0 sensor, and the percentage of students who reached the lesson target was calculated across a 15-week semester. The instructor kept a weekly journal and students participated in interviews at mid and end of term. Results showed that the average calorie consumption across the semester well exceeded the daily targets, while the percentage of students who reached the daily challenge cutoff ranged from 77% to 100% (average = 87%). Analysis of the journal entries and interviews resulted in the generation of four themes: students’ commitment to reaching the activity targets, group-based strategies for achieving physical activity targets, activity consequences of officiating roles, and activity challenges problematized skill development for some. Subscribe to TPE

scholarly journals Hygienic Assessment of the Impact of Restrictions on the Use of Cellphones on Physical Activity and Health of Schoolchildren

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
II Novikova ◽  
DE Yurk ◽  
AV Sorokina ◽  
MA Lobkis ◽  
NA Zubtsovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Dynamic Component ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
School Day ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Nowadays, studying the features of influence of mobile devices on stereotypes of children’s behavior and communication between children and adults acquires special significance. In modern conditions, a child loses the need for verbal communication and physical activity devoting almost all leisure time to virtual space. As a result, along with the development of specific features of cognitive functions in children their physical activity reduces significantly posing health risks and contributing to excess body weight, obesity, diseases of cardiovascular and nervous systems. Our objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of restrictions imposed on the use of cellphones at schools. Materials and methods: The study was conducted in Novosibirsk in January – March 2020. It involved 454 school children including 228 children who did not use cellphones during school breaks (observation group) and 226 children who actively used cellphones during breaks and lessons (control group). Results: The observation group was characterized by significantly higher energy expenditures related to physical activities with a dynamic component during breaks (p≤0.05) as confirmed by objective data collected by a Polar V800 pulsometer with Polar H10 heart rate sensors, a higher percentage of verbal communications (81.2% against 21.2%), a lower prevalence of posture disorders as detected by computer topography (32.8% against 65.8%) and signs of overexertion of the visual apparatus during the school day among the children having functional visual loss (34.6% against 69.2%). Conclusions: The results prove the effectiveness of restrictions imposed on the children’s use of cellphones at school.

The Relevance of Revising Food Supply Norms for Students of Cadet-Type Boarding Schools

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
II Novikova ◽  
SP Romanenko ◽  
AV Sorokina ◽  
OA Savchenko
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Boarding Schools ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Physical Activity ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
School Meals ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
High Level

Summary. Introduction: At present, training of highly qualified military personnel including cadet corps students acquires special importance. Educational programs in cadet corps provide for high daily physical activity of students. At the same time, daily food rationing regulated by current sanitary norms and rules does not comply with higher energy expenditures of such students. The purpose of our study was to substantiate a healthy diet of students of boarding schools taking into account their total daily energy expenditures, calorie needs and requirements for micro- and macronutrients ensuring a high level of functional state of the body, high mental and physical performance. Materials and methods: We studied indicators of health status and physical development of cadets based on the results of medical examinations, results of assessing daily physical activity, and school meals. Daily timekeeping and pulse measurements were used to estimate daily energy expenditures and activity levels. Evaluation of nutrition was based on the analysis of a cyclic menu, process charts, menu layouts, and catering hours. Conclusions: The regulated daily norms of food products adopted in cadet corps subordinate to the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation are significantly lower than actual energy expenditures of their students. This reality determines the necessity of revising food rationing. Draft guidelines for hygienic justification of the recommended diet for students with a higher level of physical activity have been developed. The proposals for improvement of boarding school meals were included in the appropriate sanitary rules and regulations within the framework of the regulatory guillotine.

scholarly journals Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity in a University Population in the Coastal Region of Ecuador

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 10165
Author(s):  
Damaris Hernández-Gallardo ◽  
Ricardo Arencibia-Moreno ◽  
Daniel Linares-Girela ◽  
Iván Jesús Saca-Plua ◽  
Marta Linares-Manrique
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
University Population

Background: Variations in physical activity greatly affect total energy expenditure, and therefore its examination contributes to the prevention of systemic disease. We sought to evaluate energy expenditure and physical activity within a university population from the coastal region of Ecuador. Methods: A descriptive and observational research study was developed to compare 1038 university students. Weight, height, resting metabolic rate and estimated energy needs were estimated. A 24 h recall questionnaire was administered to examine the relationship between total energy expenditure and physical activity. The “IPAQ” (international physical activity questionnaire) was employed to classify the type of physical activity performed and weekly metabolic equivalent (MET) minutes were calculated. Results: Male and female participants showed total energy expenditures of 2571.26 ± 321.26 and 1924.75 ± 112.78 kcal/day, respectively, with resting metabolic rates of 1864.12 ± 206.67 and 1373.96 ± 178.28 kcal/day, respectively. A total of 81.88% of the population reported being sedentary. With regards to time distribution between activities, insignificant time was dedicated to sport and health-related activities. Weekly MET minute expenditure was classified as low in 45.37% of individuals, moderate in 52.2%, and high in 3% of individuals. Conclusions: We conclude that the studied population led a notably sedentary lifestyle, which was contingent on voluntary behavioural states including the avoidance of certain exercises. Such tendencies are harmful to health.

scholarly journals Energy expenditures of outpatients and inpatients with insulin-dependent diabetes: A computer analysis

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
A V Dreval ◽  
N V Anykina ◽  
G A Nefyodova ◽  
D P Tishin ◽  
A D Zubenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Computer Analysis ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Computer Programs ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Insulin Dependent

Original computer programs for assessment of energetic value of nutrition and daily energy expenditures of man based on physical activity protocols have been developed. The programs were tried in 16 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes, and essential individual differences from tentative table estimations of energy expenditures were detected. Correlations between treatment efficacy and individual energy expenditures of patients were observed; a moderate deficit of nutrition calories was found more detrimental for metabolic control than their moderate excess. The regularities detected even in such a nonrepresentative sample permit us evaluate high the potentialities and significance of the suggested method for assessment of energy expenditures.

scholarly journals Why Control Activity? Evolutionary Selection Pressures Affecting the Development of Physical Activity Genetic and Biological Regulation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Timothy Lightfoot
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Control Activity ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
Selection Pressures ◽  
Biological Regulation ◽  
Evolutionary Selection ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Genomic Locations

The literature strongly suggests that daily physical activity is genetically and biologically regulated. Potential identities of the responsible mechanisms are unclear, but little has been written concerning the possible evolutionary selection pressures leading to the development of genetic/biological controls of physical activity. Given the weak relationship between exercise endurance and activity levels and the differential genomic locations associated with the regulation of endurance and activity, it is probable that regulation of endurance and activity evolved separately. This hypothesis paper considers energy expenditures and duration of activity in hunter/gatherers, pretechnology farmers, and modern Western societies and considers the potential of each to selectively influence the development of activity regulation. Food availability is also considered given the known linkage of caloric restriction on physical activity as well as early data relating food oversupply to physical inactivity. Elucidating the selection pressures responsible for the genetic/biological control of activity will allow further consideration of these pressures on activity in today’s society, especially the linkages between food and activity. Further, current food abundance is removing the cues for activity that were present for the first 40,000 years of human evolution, and thus future research should investigate the effects of this abundance upon the mechanisms regulating activity.

Validity of Tools to Measure Physical Activity in Older Adults Following Total Knee Arthroplasty

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lisa Jasper ◽  
Lauren A. Beaupre ◽  
John C. Spence ◽  
C. Allyson Jones
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Total Knee

Few validated tools exist for measuring physical activity following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) despite the importance of returning to sufficient levels of physical activity post-TKA to achieve health benefits. This study examined the validity of two clinical measures—the Fitbit, a commercially available personal activity monitor, and the Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS), a self-report questionnaire—compared with a reference standard accelerometer, the SenseWearTM Armband (SWA). At 6-month post-TKA, 47 participants wore the Fitbit and SWA for 4 days and then completed the CHAMPS. Moderate-to-good correlation was observed between the Fitbit and SWA for steps (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = .79), energy expenditure (ICC = .78), and energy expenditure <3 METS (ICC = .79). Poor-to-moderate correlation was observed between the CHAMPS and SWA (ICC = .43) with the questionnaire reporting lower daily energy expenditures than the SWA. Results showed that Fitbit may be a reasonable measurement tool to measure steps and energy expenditures in older adults following TKA.

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