Nanoporous anodic titanium dioxide layers as potential drug delivery systems: Drug release kinetics and mechanism

2016 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 447-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Jarosz ◽  
Anna Pawlik ◽  
Michał Szuwarzyński ◽  
Marian Jaskuła ◽  
Grzegorz D. Sulka
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Kinetics And Mechanism ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Drug Release Kinetics

scholarly journals Formulation and characterisation of self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems based on biocompatible nonionic surfactants

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 565-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Djekic ◽  
Marija Primorac
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Medium Chain Triglycerides ◽  
Medium Chain

Development of self-dispersing drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) is a modern strategy for oral delivery improvement of poorly soluble drugs. Self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) are isotropic mixtures of oils and hydrophilic surfactants, which form oil-in-water (o/w) microemulsions by dilution in aqueous media (e.g., gastrointestinal fluids). Formulation of SMEDDS carriers requires consideration of a large number of formulation parameters and their influences on process of self-microemulsifying and releasing of drug. The aim of this work was formulation and characterisation of SMEDDS for oral administration of ibuprofen. In the experimental work, two series of potential SMEDDS were prepared (M1-M10), using surfactant (Labrasol?, Gattefosse), cosurfactant (PEG-40 hydrogenated castor (Cremophor? RH40), and oil (medium chain triglycerides (Crodamol? GTCC) and olive oil (Cropur? Olive)), at surfactant-to-cosurfactant mass ratios (Km) 9:1, 7:3, 5:5, 3:7, and 1:9, and 10 % or 20 % of the oil phase. Ibuprofen was dissolved in formulations in concentration of 10 %. Characterisation of the investigated formulations included evaluation of physical stability, self-microemulsification ability in 0,1M HCl (pH 1.2) and phosphate buffer pH 7.2 (USP) and in vitro drug release. Formation of o/w microemulsions with the average droplet size (Z-ave) up to 100 nm, was observed in dispersions of formulations prepared with 10% w/w of medium chain triglycerides, within the entire investigated range of the Km values (M1-M5). These formulations were selected as SMEDDS. Results of characterisation pointed out the importance of the type and concentration of the oil as well as the Km value for the self-microemulsying ability as well as drug release kinetics from the investigated SMEDDS. Ibuprofen relase was in accordance with the request of USP 30-NF 25 (at least 80 %, after 60 min) from the formulations M1 (Km 9:1) and M5 (Km 1:9). Furthermore, ibuprofen release was completed after 10 minutes from formulation M1, while the release from the carrier M5 (~30 %) as well as from the commercial tablets Brufen? (~55%) and soft capsules Rapidol? (~65 %), examined under the same conditions, was significantly slower. The present study revealed that the formulation M1 represents a potential SMEDDS which efficiently solubilises ibuprofen in acidic media, with potential to minimise the side effects, while on introduction into alkaline intestinal environment, the drug may rapidly release from the carrier and undergo apsorption.

scholarly journals Hydrogels Based on Imino-Chitosan Amphiphiles as a Matrix for Drug Delivery Systems

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2687
Author(s):  
Daniela Ailincai ◽  
William Porzio ◽  
Luminita Marin
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Intermolecular Forces ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Hydrogel Matrix ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

This paper reports new formulations based on chitosan, citral, and diclofenac sodium salt (DCF). The central idea was to encapsulate an anionic drug into a polycationic hydrogel matrix in order to increase the intermolecular forces between them and thus to ensure slower drug release, while citral was used as a penetration enhancer to assure efficient delivery of the drug. Hydrogels without drug were also synthesized and used as a reference. The structure, morphology, and supramolecular architecture of the drug delivery systems were evaluated by FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, polarized optical microscopy, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction. The drug release kinetics was monitored in vitro by UV-VIS spectroscopy, in physiological conditions, while the enzymatic and hydrolytic degradability of the hydrogels were evaluated in the presence of lysozyme and phosphate buffer saline (PBS), at 37 °C. All of the data revealed that the anionic DCF was strongly anchored into the polycationic matrix and the drug was slowly released over 7 days. Moreover, the release rate can be controlled by simple variation of the molar ratio between the polycationic chitosan and lipophilic citral.

scholarly journals On-Demand Drug Delivery Systems Using Nanofibers

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3411
Author(s):  
Baljinder Singh ◽  
Kibeom Kim ◽  
Myoung-Hwan Park
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Target Location ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
On Demand

On-demand drug-delivery systems using nanofibers are extensively applicable for customized drug release based on target location and timing to achieve the desired therapeutic effects. A nanofiber formulation is typically created for a certain medication and changing the drug may have a significant impact on the release kinetics from the same delivery system. Nanofibers have several distinguishing features and properties, including the ease with which they may be manufactured, the variety of materials appropriate for processing into fibers, a large surface area, and a complex pore structure. Nanofibers with effective drug-loading capabilities, controllable release, and high stability have gained the interest of researchers owing to their potential applications in on-demand drug delivery systems. Based on their composition and drug-release characteristics, we review the numerous types of nanofibers from the most recent accessible studies. Nanofibers are classified based on their mechanism of drug release, as well as their structure and content. To achieve controlled drug release, a suitable polymer, large surface-to-volume ratio, and high porosity of the nanofiber mesh are necessary. The properties of nanofibers for modified drug release are categorized here as protracted, stimulus-activated, and biphasic. Swellable or degradable polymers are commonly utilized to alter drug release. In addition to the polymer used, the process and ambient conditions can have considerable impacts on the release characteristics of the nanofibers. The formulation of nanofibers is highly complicated and depends on many variables; nevertheless, numerous options are available to accomplish the desired nanofiber drug-release characteristics.

Formulation, Development and Characterization of Floating Beads of Diltiazem Hydrochloride

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamika Saxena Saxena ◽  
Santosh Kitawat ◽  
Kalpesh Gaur ◽  
Virendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Formulation Development

The main goal of any drug delivery system is to achieve desired concentration of the drug in blood or tissue, which is therapeutically effective and nontoxic for a prolonged period. Various attempts have been made to develop gastroretentive delivery systems such as high density system, swelling, floating system. The recent developments of FDDS including the physiological and formulation variables affecting gastric retention, approaches to design single-unit and multiple-unit floating systems, and their classification and formulation aspects are covered in detail. Gastric emptying is a complex process and makes in vivo performance of the drug delivery systems uncertain. In order to avoid this variability, efforts have been made to increase the retention time of the drug-delivery systems for more than 12 hours. The floating or hydrodynamically controlled drug delivery systems are useful in such application. Background of the research: Diltiazem HCL (DTZ), has short biological half life of 3-4 h, requires rather high frequency of administration. Due to repeated administration there may be chances of patient incompliance and toxicity problems. Objective: The objective of study was to develop sustained release alginate beads of DTZ for reduction in dosing frequency, high bioavailability and better patient compliance. Methodology: Five formulations prepared by using different drug to polymer ratios, were evaluated for relevant parameters and compared. Alginate beads were prepared by ionotropic external gelation technique using CaCl2 as cross linking agent. Prepared beads were evaluated for % yield, entrapment efficiency, swelling index in 0.1N HCL, drug release study and SEM analysis. In order to improve %EE and drug release, LMP and sunflower oil were used as copolymers along with sodium alginate.

Improving the Efficacy of Anticancer Drugs via Encapsulation and Acoustic Release

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 857-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salma E. Ahmed ◽  
Nahid Awad ◽  
Vinod Paul ◽  
Hesham G. Moussa ◽  
Ghaleb A. Husseini
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Nano Drug Delivery ◽  
Medical Researchers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Enhanced Stability

Conventional chemotherapeutics lack the specificity and controllability, thus may poison healthy cells while attempting to kill cancerous ones. Newly developed nano-drug delivery systems have shown promise in delivering anti-tumor agents with enhanced stability, durability and overall performance; especially when used along with targeting and triggering techniques. This work traces back the history of chemotherapy, addressing the main challenges that have encouraged the medical researchers to seek a sanctuary in nanotechnological-based drug delivery systems that are grafted with appropriate targeting techniques and drug release mechanisms. A special focus will be directed to acoustically triggered liposomes encapsulating doxorubicin.

Nanostructured Ketorolac-Tromethamine/MCF: Synthesis, Characterization and Application in Drug Release System

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 432-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana M. Juarez ◽  
Jorgelina Cussa ◽  
Marcos B. Gomez Costa ◽  
Oscar A. Anunziata
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fickian Diffusion ◽  
Ketorolac Tromethamine

Background: Controlled drug delivery systems can maintain the concentration of drugs in the exact sites of the body within the optimum range and below the toxicity threshold, improving therapeutic efficacy and reducing toxicity. Mesostructured Cellular Foam (MCF) material is a new promising host for drug delivery systems due to high biocompatibility, in vivo biodegradability and low toxicity. Methods: Ketorolac-Tromethamine/MCF composite was synthesized. The material synthesis and loading of ketorolac-tromethamine into MCF pores were successful as shown by XRD, FTIR, TGA, TEM and textural analyses. Results: We obtained promising results for controlled drug release using the novel MCF material. The application of these materials in KETO release is innovative, achieving an initial high release rate and then maintaining a constant rate at high times. This allows keeping drug concentration within the range of therapeutic efficacy, being highly applicable for the treatment of diseases that need a rapid response. The release of KETO/MCF was compared with other containers of KETO (KETO/SBA-15) and commercial tablets. Conclusion: The best model to fit experimental data was Ritger-Peppas equation. Other models used in this work could not properly explain the controlled drug release of this material. The predominant release of KETO from MCF was non-Fickian diffusion.

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