Etiology of Oral Cancer in the Young Patient: Is Tongue Cancer Becoming the Other Cancer in Women?

Postoperative swallowing problems were investigated in 20 patients who had undergone various degrees of surgical resection for oral cancer. The swallowing problems were evaluated on the basis of type of food, degree of aspiration, and duration of postoperative nasogastric tube feeding. Two patients with tongue cancer who had had hemiglossectomy without reconstruction ate normal food without aspiration within a week after operation. Eight patients who had undergone two- to three-quarter glossectomy for tongue cancer ate gruel with no or occasional liquid aspiration. Among 4 patients who had had near-total or total glossectomy for tongue cancer, 3 ate thin gruel or liquid with occasional aspiration. The other could not eat orally because of consistent severe aspiration. One patient with mouth floor cancer underwent resection of the mouth floor in combination with hemiglossectomy and she ate gruel without aspiration. Among 5 patients with mouth floor cancer who had had surgical removal accompanied by near-total or total glossectomy, 3 ate gruel with no or occasional liquid aspiration, 1 ate thin gruel with no aspiration, and the other could not eat orally. A diagnosis of T4 lesions, extensive removal of the tongue base, removal of the geniohyoid and mylohyoid muscles, and removal of the lateral pharyngeal wall were significantly related to poor swallowing function.

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Extent of neck dissection for patients with clinical N1 oral cancer

International Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1007/s10147-020-01635-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (6) ◽

pp. 1067-1071 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yasumasa Kakei ◽

Hirokazu Komatsu ◽

Tsutomu Minamikawa ◽

Takumi Hasegawa ◽

Masanori Teshima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Oral Cancer ◽

Neck Dissection ◽

Tongue Cancer ◽

Positive Lymph Node ◽

University Hospital ◽

Oral Cancers ◽

Node Metastasis ◽

Level Ii

Abstract Background No clear consensus has been reached on the indication of supraomohyoid neck dissection (SOHND) for clinically positive lymph-node metastasis. Patients Consecutive 100 patients with previously untreated oral cancer treated at Kobe University Hospital were included in this study. All patients were clinically staged as anyTN1M0 and underwent radical dissection of the primary site and level I–V neck dissection as the initial treatment. Results None of the 100 patients had pathological lymph-node metastasis (pLN) to level V. pLN to level IV was observed in two patients with tongue cancer in whom clinical lymph-node metastasis was preoperatively observed at level II. Conclusions Level V may be excluded in the neck dissection for patients with N1 oral cancers. Level IV dissection should be considered in the patient with tongue cancer and clinical lymph-node metastasis at level II.

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CLINICAL RESULTS OF SENTINEL LYMPH NODE (SN) BIOPSY FOR ORAL CANCER-RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SN LOCALIZATION AND METASTASIS IN TONGUE CANCER-

Toukeibu Gan ◽

10.5981/jjhnc.31.79 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 79-83

Author(s):

Satoru SHINTANI ◽

Koh-ichi NAKASHIRO ◽

Satoshi HINO ◽

Nagaaki TERAKADO ◽

Hiroyuki HAMAKAWA

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Sentinel Lymph Node ◽

Oral Cancer ◽

Tongue Cancer ◽

Clinical Results

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Investigation of infiltrating regulatory T lymphocytes in tumor areas in oral cancer lesions

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e22070 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e22070-e22070

Author(s):

I. Sukhotska ◽

L. García-Alonso ◽

R. Sirera ◽

G. Sarrión ◽

E. Jantus Lewintre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Cancer ◽

T Lymphocytes ◽

Relative Concentration ◽

The Other ◽

Main Function ◽

Tgf Beta ◽

Endogenous Gene ◽

Normal Oral Mucosa ◽

Regulatory T Lymphocytes ◽

Post Surgery

e22070 Background: HLA-G is a human non-classical MHC molecule, mainly expressed in the trophoblast whose main function is to suppress immunologic activity that allows maternal tolerance to phoetus. On the other hand, infiltrating regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg) could promote peripheral inmunotolerance fo oncogenic transformation. Methods: We performed real-time PCR in frozen oral cancer specimens from untreated patients who had undergone surgical resection (n=22) and in normal oral mucosa from healthy subjects (n=10). Samples were processed for mRNA extraction and quantification of gene expression was expressed as relative concentration by an endogenous gene. To asses the presence of infiltrating Treg we analysed CTLA-4, Foxp-3, IL-10, TGF-beta, CD4, CD8, CXCR4, CD127 and CD25 and also we determined HLA-G levels. We correlate the expression of immunologic mediators with clinical variables. Results: Patients presented squamous carcinomas of the tongue (n=12) or gum (n=10) and stages ranged from I to IV (stage I=4; II=9; III=4; IV=5). 10 patients presented well-differentiated lesions and the other 12 moderately-differentiated cells. Eight patients received post- surgery chemo and radiotherapy. Our results show that tumor samples had significant higher expression of the CTLA-4, Foxp-3, TGF-beta and CD127 genes than normal tissue. However, those data showed no correlation between the levels of expression and clinico-pathologic variables. When patients were grouped according to tumor size, there was a trend in the way that bigger tumoral lesions expressed relative higher amounts of Treg. By contrast we could not observe an increase of the expression of HLA-G in patients. Conclusions: Our results reveal that there is an increase in the expression of Treg in oral cancer patients. These Treg in tumoral tissues might contribute to the impairment of immunological rejection of the neoplasic transformation. Conversely we have not been able to demonstrate tumoral expression of HLA-G as a strategy to escape from immunosurveyance. Further analysis of this cells and their function is important in order to develop new therapeutic strategies. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Cross-Cheek Dumbbell-Shaped Radial Forearm Flap for Simultaneous Correction of Oral Cancer and Submucous Fibrosis

Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction ◽

10.1055/s-0035-1567811 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 162-165 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shreya Bhattacharya ◽

Sivakumar Vidhyadharan ◽

Krishnakumar Thankappan ◽

Subramania Iyer

Keyword(s):

Oral Cancer ◽

Buccal Mucosa ◽

Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽

The Other ◽

Simultaneous Occurrence ◽

Cancer Resection ◽

Novel Technique ◽

Radial Forearm ◽

Submucous Fibrosis ◽

Interincisor Distance

Simultaneous occurrence of oral submucous fibrosis along with carcinoma of the buccal mucosa is common. We report a novel technique of a single dumbbell-shaped, cross-cheek radial forearm free flap to repair bilateral defects caused by oral cancer resection on one side and the release of fibrosis on the other side in two patients. The dumbbell-shaped flap provided tissue for both the buccal mucosa defects and central released soft palate preventing fibrosis and reapproximation. The interincisor distance improved in both the patients.

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Hemisection: An alternative to extraction : A case report

UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF DENTAL SCIENCES ◽

10.21276/ujds.2020.6.3.18 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 128-131

Author(s):

Deeksha Khurana ◽

Charu Thanvi ◽

Deepak Raisingani ◽

Prasad B. Ashwini

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Young Patient ◽

Treatment Option ◽

Critical Factor ◽

The Other ◽

Case Selection ◽

Mandibular Molar

Hemisection is sectioning of multi-rooted teeth followed by removal of compromised root along with its associated crown portion and leaving the healthy root (with crown) intact. This treatment option can be considered when caries, resorption, perforation, or periodontal damage is restricted to one root while the other root is relatively healthy. The most critical factor determiningthe long term success in such cases is the appropriate case selection. This case report describes a case of hemisectionof a mandibular molar followed by adequate restoration in a young patient.

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Arguments in Favor of Precautional Treatment of Cervical Nodes in Clinically N0 Oral Cancer

Tumori Journal ◽

10.1177/030089168206800308 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 241-245 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Fabio Volterrani ◽

Fausto Chiesa ◽

Roberto Molinari

Keyword(s):

Clinical Study ◽

Oral Cancer ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽

The Other ◽

Survival Curves ◽

Systematic Treatment ◽

Clinical Evolution ◽

Radical Dissection

Our retrospective and unrandomized clinical study covers 317 squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity initially N0 and treated with curietherapy from January 1959 to December 1970. Upon conclusion of the treatment on T, a radical dissection of the neck was performed only on 110 patients (34.7%) and the other 207 were not submitted to surgery. The incidence of N0 N+ cases was 27.3% (30/110). The clinical evolution showed that in the group not submitted to radical dissection 53 of 179 cases (29.6%) with adequate follow-up had lymph nodal relapses; 15/69 of these were initially T1 (21.7%) and 38/110 initially T2,3 (34.5%). The data concerning clinical evolution and analysis of the survival curves for the 2 groups supply arguments in favor of the systematic treatment of the lymphatic areas of the neck in initially N0 oral carcinomas.

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MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH IN THE TREATMENT OF SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA AT REGIO GLOSSUS

Dentino : Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi ◽

10.20527/dentino.v5i2.8976 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 205

Author(s):

Tri Nurrahman ◽

Seto Adiantoro ◽

Kiki Akhmad Rizki ◽

Farah Asnely

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Oral Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Multidisciplinary Approach ◽

Oral Surgery ◽

Tongue Cancer ◽

Dorsal Surface ◽

Selective Neck Dissection ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tongue

ABSTRACTBackground: Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is the most common case of oral cancer which often occurs laterally on the tongue and rarely develops on the dorsal surface of the tongue. More than half of the cases are diagnosed late, thereby reducing the survival rate of the patients. Objective: This report was intended as an evaluation for the management of squamous cell carcinoma under multidisciplinary approach between oral surgery and other departments, as well as the provision of further post-operative treatment. Case Report: The author presents a case of 68-years-old female patient with a lump and an ulcer on her tongue. Around six months prior to the visit, patient complained of tongue ulcer followed by the emergence of a lump in a size of a corn seed. The lump was gradually enlarged with constant widening of the ulcer. Pain on the tongue was also perceived. The patient was then referred to Hasan Sadikin Hospital for further treatment. Case Management: Patients underwent hemiglossectomy and Selective Neck Dissection (SND) surgical procedures performed by Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon in collaboration with Surgical Oncologist. Furthermore, after surgery, the patient was consulted to the Hemato-Oncology Division of Internal Medicine Department for chemotherapy treatment. Conclusions: The exact diagnosis was made based on the histopathological biopsy results of the tongue tissue. Management of tongue cancer must be done multidisciplinary. Some things that must be considered in handling such cases are the eradication of the tumor, the return of oral cavity function, and the aesthetic/functional aspects of the patient. Keywords: Oral cancer, Squamous cell carcinoma, Tongue cancer

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Bilateral Tibial Stress Fractures and Osteoporosis in a Young Patient

Sports Health A Multidisciplinary Approach ◽

10.1177/19417381211032127 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 194173812110321

Author(s):

Ali Gürbüz ◽

Mustafa Gür

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Young Patient ◽

Insufficiency Fracture ◽

The Elderly ◽

Stress Fractures ◽

The Other ◽

Insufficiency Fractures ◽

Normal Loading ◽

Bone Injury ◽

Fatigue Fractures

Stress fractures result from microscopic bone injury due to repetitive submaximal stress and include fatigue and insufficiency fracture components. Fatigue fractures generally occur in runners and athletes and are caused by abnormal physical load on the bone. On the other hand, insufficiency fractures are generally seen in the elderly secondary to osteoporosis, typically involving the pelvis and surrounding bones. Insufficiency fracture occurs as a result of normal loading in the abnormal bone. In this case report, we describe a young patient with bilateral tibial stress fractures with both fatigue and insufficiency components.

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Comparative analysis of the functional results of tongue reconstruction with four kinds of free flaps after radical resection of tongue cancer

10.21203/rs.2.23730/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

yongcong cai ◽

Chao Li ◽

Dinfen Zeng ◽

ChunYan Shui ◽

RongHao Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tongue Cancer ◽

Free Flaps ◽

Radical Resection ◽

The Other ◽

Swallowing Function ◽

Donor Area ◽

Tongue Reconstruction ◽

Alt Flap ◽

Normal Speech ◽

Better Than

Abstract Background Surgery is still the treatment of choice for tongue cancer. Tongue reconstruction should be performed immediately after extensive resection of the tumor, which will affect the patient's function. The purpose of this study was to investigate the functional evaluation of four different free flaps in tongue reconstruction after a tongue cancer operation. Methods Forty-eight cases of tongue reconstruction with a radial forearm free(RFF flap), anterolateral thigh(ALT) flap, lateral upper arm free(LAF)flap and deep inferior epigastric artery perforator(DIEP)flap from 2014 to 2018 were analyzed. The speech function, swallowing function, tongue flexibility and patients' satisfaction with the donor area was investigated six months after repair. Results Twenty-one cases with RFF flaps, 18 cases with ALT flaps, 5 cases with LAF flaps and 4 cases with DIEP flaps showed complete flap survival. Speech function:39.6% of the patients exhibited normal speech, 43.8% of the patients exhibited near-normal speech, the RFF flap group was showed better recovery than did the other three groups ( p =0. 195). The degree of tongue flexibility: 37.5% of the patients with normal postoperative tongue flexibility, 43.6% of the patients with slightly limited tongue flexibility,, 16.7% of the patients with severely limited tongue flexibility, The flexibility of the RFF flap was better than that of the other three groups( p =0. 054). Swallowing function:47.9% of the patients had a regular diet, 33.3% of the patients had soft foods, 16.7% patients receive fluid diet, The RFF flap group showed better recovery than did the other three groups ( p =0. 248). Donor satisfaction: 56.2% of the patients were satisfied, 41.7% of the patients were basically satisfied, 100% of the patients with LAF and DIEP flaps were satisfied. This level of satisfaction was better than that in the RFF and ALT flap groups. ( p =0. 039). Conclusion The functional recovery of RFF flap in tongue reconstruction after middle and early stage tongue cancer surgery is better. However, ALT flap has been used more frequently for a large number of tissue defects caused by radical resection of tongue cancer in the advanced stage. Meanwhile, LAF and DIEP flaps can provide a sufficient tissue volume, a conceal scar, fewer complications in the donor area, and both function and beauty, which are easily accepted by patients.

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