Assessing the three-dimensional collagen network in soft tissues using contrast agents and high resolution micro-CT: Application to porcine iliac veins

2015 ◽  
Vol 338 (7) ◽  
pp. 425-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Nierenberger ◽  
Yves Rémond ◽  
Saïd Ahzi ◽  
Philippe Choquet
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Collagen Network

scholarly journals PEG-modified gadolinium nanoparticles as contrast agents for in vivo micro-CT

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charmainne Cruje ◽  
P. Joy Dunmore-Buyze ◽  
Eric Grolman ◽  
David W. Holdsworth ◽  
Elizabeth R. Gillies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Blood Pool ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Poly Ethylene

AbstractVascular research is largely performed in rodents with the goal of developing treatments for human disease. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) provides non-destructive three-dimensional imaging that can be used to study the vasculature of rodents. However, to distinguish vasculature from other soft tissues, long-circulating contrast agents are required. In this study, we demonstrated that poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-coated gadolinium nanoparticles can be used as a vascular contrast agent in micro-CT. The coated particles could be lyophilized and then redispersed in an aqueous solution to achieve 100 mg/mL of gadolinium. After an intravenous injection of the contrast agent into mice, micro-CT scans showed blood pool contrast enhancements of at least 200 HU for 30 min. Imaging and quantitative analysis of gadolinium in tissues showed the presence of contrast agent in clearance organs including the liver and spleen and very low amounts in other organs. In vitro cell culture experiments, subcutaneous injections, and analysis of mouse body weight suggested that the agents exhibited low toxicity. Histological analysis of tissues 5 days after injection of the contrast agent showed cytotoxicity in the spleen, but no abnormalities were observed in the liver, lungs, kidneys, and bladder.

scholarly journals Soft tissue discrimination with contrast agents using micro-CT scanning

2020 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Descamps ◽  
Alicja Sochacka ◽  
Barbara De Kegel ◽  
Denis Van Loo ◽  
Luc Van Hoorebeke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Organ Systems

The use of high resolution, three-dimensional visualization has been receiving growing interest within life sciences, with non-invasive imaging tools becoming more readily accessible. Although initially useful for visualizing mineralized tissues, recent developments are promising for studying soft tissues as well. Especially for micro-CT scanning, several X-ray contrast enhancers are performant in sufficiently contrasting soft tissue organ systems by a different attenuation strength of X-rays. Overall visualization of soft tissue organs has proven to be possible, although the tissue-specific capacities of these enhancers remain unclear. In this study, we tested several contrast agents for their usefulness to discriminate between tissue types and organs, using three model organisms (mouse, zebrafish and Xenopus). Specimens were stained with osmium tetroxide (OsO4), phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) and phosphotungstic acid (PTA), and were scanned using high resolution microtomography. The contrasting potentials between tissue types and organs are described based on volume renderings and virtual sections. In general, PTA and PMA appeared to allow better discrimination. Especially epithelial structures, cell-dense brain regions, liver, lung and blood could be easily distinguished. The PMA yielded the best results, allowing discrimination even at the level of cell layers. Our results show that those staining techniques combined with micro-CT imaging have good potential for use in future research in life sciences.

scholarly journals High-resolution three-dimensional visualization of the rat spinal cord microvasculature by synchrotron radiation micro-CT

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 101904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianzhong Hu ◽  
Yong Cao ◽  
Tianding Wu ◽  
Dongzhe Li ◽  
Hongbin Lu
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Rat Spinal Cord

scholarly journals Comparison of Three-Dimensional Micro-CT Angiography of Cervical Spinal Cord between Two Contrast Agents

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yapu Liu ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
Zhou Yang ◽  
Junyu Lin ◽  
Xiuhua Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Lead Oxide ◽  
Barium Sulfate ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Sulfate Group ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Low Resolution ◽  
Oxide Group

Purpose. Barium sulfate and lead oxide are commonly used for angiographic studies, but there is no report on the comparison of two contrast agents in angiography of cervical spinal cord. This study was aimed to compare the microvascular architecture of cervical spinal cord in rats after angiography with the barium sulfate agent to the lead oxide agent. Methods. Twelve adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the barium sulfate group (n=6) and the lead oxide group (n=6). Each rat was perfused under the same protocol using either two contrast agents. The angiography was evaluated with the vascular number at different ranks. The cervical spinal cord samples were scanned using micro-CT with low resolution and high resolution. The microvascular parameters, including ratio of vascular volume to tissue volume (VV/TV), vascular number (V.N), diameter (V.Dm), separation (V.Sp), connectivity density (Conn.D), structure model index (SMI), percentage, and volume of vessels at different diameters were measured. Results. The perfusion was better in the barium sulfate group, with more blood vessel trees of rank II and III visible compared to the lead oxide group. Low-resolution micro-CT analysis showed no difference in microvascular parameters except SMI between the two groups. High-resolution micro-CT analysis results showed that V.N and Conn.D of barium sulfate group were 60% and 290% more than those of the lead oxide group; however, V.Sp was 41% less than the lead oxide group. The percentage of vessels with diameter of 10 μm and 20 μm, and the volume of vessels with diameter of less than 100 μm was higher in the barium sulfate group than in the lead oxide group. The SMI index in the barium sulfate group was higher than that in the lead oxide group at both low resolution and high resolution. Conclusions. Compared with lead oxide, barium sulfate is more suitable for perfusion of cervical spinal cord microvessels, and cheap and nontoxic with high resolution.

scholarly journals Whole-organism 3D quantitative characterization of zebrafish melanin by silver deposition micro-CT

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spencer R Katz ◽  
Maksim A Yakovlev ◽  
Daniel J Vanselow ◽  
Yifu Ding ◽  
Alex Y Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Silver Staining ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Melanin Content ◽  
Silver Deposition ◽  
X Ray

We previously described X-ray histotomography, a high-resolution, non-destructive form of X-ray microtomography (micro-CT) imaging customized for three-dimensional (3D), digital histology, allowing quantitative, volumetric tissue and organismal phenotyping (Ding et al., 2019). Here, we have combined micro-CT with a novel application of ionic silver staining to characterize melanin distribution in whole zebrafish larvae. The resulting images enabled whole-body, computational analyses of regional melanin content and morphology. Normalized micro-CT reconstructions of silver-stained fish consistently reproduced pigment patterns seen by light microscopy, and further allowed direct quantitative comparisons of melanin content across wild-type and mutant samples, including subtle phenotypes not previously noticed. Silver staining of melanin for micro-CT provides proof-of-principle for whole-body, 3D computational phenomic analysis of a specific cell type at cellular resolution, with potential applications in other model organisms and melanocytic neoplasms. Advances such as this in whole-organism, high-resolution phenotyping provide superior context for studying the phenotypic effects of genetic, disease, and environmental variables.

High-resolution three-dimensional scanning optical image system for intrinsic and extrinsic contrast agents in tissue

2002 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueqing Gu ◽  
Zhiyu Qian ◽  
Jinxian Chen ◽  
Dana Blessington ◽  
Nimmi Ramanujam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optical Image ◽  
Image System

Three-dimensional angiography fused with CT/MRI for multimodal imaging of nanoparticles based on Ba4Yb3F17:Lu3+,Gd3+

Nanoscale ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (28) ◽  
pp. 13402-13409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sihan Ma ◽  
Jiaxin Zhang ◽  
Shibo Xia ◽  
Wenyan Yin ◽  
Yanxia Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Multimodal Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
High Resolution Imaging ◽  
Resolution Imaging

Designing nanosized multi-modality contrast agents for high-resolution imaging is challenging since most agents are only useful for single-mode imaging.

High Resolution Microscopy of Multi-Layered Biological Crystals

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
H.A. Cohen ◽  
T.W. Jeng ◽  
W. Chiu
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Biological Objects ◽  
Density Maps ◽  
Density Map ◽  
Complex Crystal ◽  
High Resolution Microscopy

This tutorial will discuss the methodology of low dose electron diffraction and imaging of crystalline biological objects, the problems of data interpretation for two-dimensional projected density maps of glucose embedded protein crystals, the factors to be considered in combining tilt data from three-dimensional crystals, and finally, the prospects of achieving a high resolution three-dimensional density map of a biological crystal. This methodology will be illustrated using two proteins under investigation in our laboratory, the T4 DNA helix destabilizing protein gp32*I and the crotoxin complex crystal.

Electron crystallographic determination of the 3-D structure of staurolite at atomic resolution

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 540-541
Author(s):  
Kenneth H. Downing ◽  
Hu Meisheng ◽  
Hans-Rudolf Went ◽  
Michael A. O'Keefe
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Resolution ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Structure Information ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Scattering Effects ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Effects Of Radiation

With current advances in electron microscope design, high resolution electron microscopy has become routine, and point resolutions of better than 2Å have been obtained in images of many inorganic crystals. Although this resolution is sufficient to resolve interatomic spacings, interpretation generally requires comparison of experimental images with calculations. Since the images are two-dimensional representations of projections of the full three-dimensional structure, information is invariably lost in the overlapping images of atoms at various heights. The technique of electron crystallography, in which information from several views of a crystal is combined, has been developed to obtain three-dimensional information on proteins. The resolution in images of proteins is severely limited by effects of radiation damage. In principle, atomic-resolution, 3D reconstructions should be obtainable from specimens that are resistant to damage. The most serious problem would appear to be in obtaining high-resolution images from areas that are thin enough that dynamical scattering effects can be ignored.

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