<p><strong>Objective</strong>:<strong> </strong><em>Clinacanthus nutans</em> is one of the herbs that has been used in Asia as a traditional medicine for the treatment of serious diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the phytochemical constituents (flavonoids and phenolics) and cytotoxicity against human hepatoma (HepG2) cancer cell lines of <em>C. nutans </em>extracts.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>:<strong> </strong>The fractions from <em>C. nutans</em> were extracted from hexane, methanol, chloroform and ethyl acetate by the solvent-solvent extraction method. The crude extracts (10 mg/ml) were tested against HepG2 cell lines using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Phytochemical screening was done to determine the total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC).</p><p><strong>Results</strong>:<strong> </strong>Methanol extract showed the strongest cytotoxic activity against HepG2 cell line with IC <sub>50</sub> of 43.9367μg/ml after 24 h of treatment compared to chloroform extract and ethyl acetate, 55.6112µg/ml and 62.0655µg/ml, respectively. Hexane extract formed the lowest cytotoxicity activity with IC<sub>50 </sub>of 68.3807µg/ml. Total phenolic content (TPC) was found to be highest in chloroform, which was 119.29 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE) and total flavonoid content (TFC), methanol was performed the highest value, which is 937.67 mg of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT).</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong>:<strong> </strong>Different active compounds present in the extracts may contribute different cytotoxicity effects of crude extracts. The relationship data of total phenolic, total flavonoid, and cytotoxic potential of <em>C. nutans</em>, indicates that these plants might contain valuable active compounds as a chemotherapeutic agent. Further investigations to elucidate the chemical structures of active compounds are necessary for potential compounds discovery in drugs.</p>
Effect of Polyphenols on 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A Lyase Activity in Human Hepatoma HepG2 Cell Extracts
