To what extent does content selection affect surface realization in the context of headline generation?

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 101179
Author(s):  
Cristina Barros ◽  
Marta Vicente ◽  
Elena Lloret
Keyword(s):  
Content Selection ◽  
Surface Realization

Print Media and the Political Reform in Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 3356-3371
Author(s):  
Negesse Gessese
Keyword(s):  
Social Changes ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Attribution Of Responsibility ◽  
Societal Issues ◽  
Content Selection ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Issue Frames

This research examines the agenda and frames used by the Reporter newspaper editorial coverage of issues and actors before and after the reform in Ethiopia. The study applies a quantitative content analysis method and examined 99 (Period 1 = 57 and Period 2 = 42) editorials in all periods. The source of data and the period of data collection were purposely selected. The results indicated that societal issues, government, and party issues were frequent in both periods. The professional journalist was the only Author in both periods. More government criticism and more reforms were mentioned before the reform. Compared with editorials published before and after the reform, noticeable changes were observed in government critique, attribution of responsibility frames, human interest frames and economic issue frames. However, content selection, sources of information, mentioned reforms, conflict relationship frames, and ideological frames didn’t have relationship with the date of publication. Finally, the Reporter editorials coverage did change significantly in many respects, although it is difficult to determine the causes of the changes—economic factors, reduced political control, social changes or globalization forces.

scholarly journals Generalized Reversible Data Hiding with Content-Adaptive Operation and Fast Histogram Shifting Optimization

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 917
Author(s):  
Limengnan Zhou ◽  
Hongyu Han ◽  
Hanzhou Wu
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Data Embedding ◽  
Histogram Shifting ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Content Selection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Map Generation ◽  
Content Adaptive

Reversible data hiding (RDH) has become a hot spot in recent years as it allows both the secret data and the raw host to be perfectly reconstructed, which is quite desirable in sensitive applications requiring no degradation of the host. A lot of RDH algorithms have been designed by a sophisticated empirical way. It is not easy to extend them to a general case, which, to a certain extent, may have limited their wide-range applicability. Therefore, it motivates us to revisit the conventional RDH algorithms and present a general framework of RDH in this paper. The proposed framework divides the system design of RDH at the data hider side into four important parts, i.e., binary-map generation, content prediction, content selection, and data embedding, so that the data hider can easily design and implement, as well as improve, an RDH system. For each part, we introduce content-adaptive techniques that can benefit the subsequent data-embedding procedure. We also analyze the relationships between these four parts and present different perspectives. In addition, we introduce a fast histogram shifting optimization (FastHiSO) algorithm for data embedding to keep the payload-distortion performance sufficient while reducing the computational complexity. Two RDH algorithms are presented to show the efficiency and applicability of the proposed framework. It is expected that the proposed framework can benefit the design of an RDH system, and the introduced techniques can be incorporated into the design of advanced RDH algorithms.

scholarly journals Adaptive Generation in Dialogue Systems Using Dynamic User Modeling

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 883-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivasan Janarthanam ◽  
Oliver Lemon
Keyword(s):  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
User Modeling ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Dialogue Systems ◽  
User Profiles ◽  
Referring Expressions ◽  
Spoken Dialogue Systems ◽  
Content Selection ◽  
Adaptive Policies ◽  
User Knowledge

We address the problem of dynamically modeling and adapting to unknown users in resource-scarce domains in the context of interactive spoken dialogue systems. As an example, we show how a system can learn to choose referring expressions to refer to domain entities for users with different levels of domain expertise, and whose domain knowledge is initially unknown to the system. We approach this problem using a three step process: collecting data using a Wizard-of-Oz method, building simulated users, and learning to model and adapt to users using Reinforcement Learning techniques. We show that by using only a small corpus of non-adaptive dialogues and user knowledge profiles it is possible to learn an adaptive user modeling policy using a sense-predict-adapt approach. Our evaluation results show that the learned user modeling and adaptation strategies performed better in terms of adaptation than some simple hand-coded baseline policies, with both simulated and real users. With real users, the learned policy produced around a 20% increase in adaptation in comparison to an adaptive hand-coded baseline. We also show that adaptation to users' domain knowledge results in improving task success (99.47% for the learned policy vs. 84.7% for a hand-coded baseline) and reducing dialogue time of the conversation (11% relative difference). We also compared the learned policy to a variety of carefully hand-crafted adaptive policies that employ the user knowledge profiles to adapt their choices of referring expressions throughout a conversation. We show that the learned policy generalises better to unseen user profiles than these hand-coded policies, while having comparable performance on known user profiles. We discuss the overall advantages of this method and how it can be extended to other levels of adaptation such as content selection and dialogue management, and to other domains where adapting to users' domain knowledge is useful, such as travel and healthcare.

Planar content selection in images and videos using frontalness

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Sungmin Eum ◽  
David Doermann
Keyword(s):  
Content Selection

scholarly journals Media Literasi: Upaya Bijak Menyikapi Terpaan Tayangan Televisi

Humaniora ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 619
Author(s):  
Wira Respati
Keyword(s):  
Media Literacy ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Content Selection ◽  
The Media ◽  
Television Media ◽  
Passive Object ◽  
Business Orientation

The television media have transformed into industry. Tight competition among TV stations demands the media people to provide programs based on the market taste. Therefore, mostly TV stations design and produce their programs based on share and rating numbers, instead of quality. On the other side, TV stations have important roles in constructing social and cultural development. Currently, TV programs are merely produced based on the business orientation so that the quality of the TV programs is often ignored. Audience must be wise and smart to protect themselves from poor-quality TV programs exposure. This can be achieved by improving their Media Literacy. In the end, Audience is no longer treated as passive object, but actively takes control on the content selection. 

scholarly journals Exploring content selection strategies for Multilingual Multi-Document Summarization based on the Universal Network Language (UNL)

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Rigobelo Chaud ◽  
Ariani Di Felippo
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Statistical Measure ◽  
Document Summarization ◽  
Content Selection ◽  
Selection Strategies ◽  
Multilingual Corpus ◽  
Universal Network ◽  
Network Language

Multilingual Multi-Document Summarization aims at ranking the sentences of a cluster with (at least) 2 news texts (1 in the user’s language and 1 in a foreign language), and select the top-ranked sentences for a summary in the user’s language. We explored three concept-based statistics and one superficial strategy for sentence ranking. We used a bilingual corpus (Brazilian Portuguese-English) encoded in UNL (Universal Network Language) with source and summary sentences aligned based on content overlap. Our experiment shows that “concept frequency normalized by the number of concepts in the sentence” is the measure that best ranks the sentences selected by humans. However, it does not outperform the superficial strategy based on the position of the sentences in the texts. This indicates that the most frequent concepts are not always contained in first sentences, usually selected by humans to build the summaries because they convey the main information of the collection.Keywords: content selection; concept; statistical measure; multilingual corpus; multi-document summarization.

scholarly journals Designing a Symbolic Intermediate Representation for Neural Surface Realization

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Elder ◽  
Jennifer Foster ◽  
James Barry ◽  
Alexander O’Connor
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Representation ◽  
Surface Realization

scholarly journals The physiological reaction in the local breed and introduced silkworm breeds on the difference in conditions of detention of the wintering eggs

2021 ◽  
Vol 210 (07) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Gyul'nar Bagirova ◽  
Hokuma Kulieva
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Introduced Species ◽  
Strong Response ◽  
Local Breed ◽  
Physiological Reaction ◽  
Content Selection ◽  
Local Species ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract. The purpose of this study is the ascertainment of to the physiological responses to exogenous exposure to aqueous solutions of the drug “Violet-K” (C24H28N3Cl) in the phase of wintering eggs of the local and introduced silkworm species. Methods. The research was carried out according to the methodology developed by us for the content, selection and processing of material [9], [10]. Statistical analysis was performed according to G. F. Lakin [11]. Results. It was found that in the absence of sharp fluctuations of the temperature and air humidity, the effect of exposure to water and 0.01% and 0.001 % aqueous solutions of the “Violet-K” preparation on hibernating eggs causes a response of caterpillars at younger ages during molting, by the fifth age this effect diminishes. A strong response to the impact in terms of weight of caterpillars was revealed for the introduced silkworm species: against the background of minor fluctuations in the “Oragase” variant for caterpillars “Sverico-sari” the difference with the control by age is 16,4 % (III), 143,3 % (IV) and 27,3 % (V). The introduced species “Oragase” often differs from the “Sverico-sari” and the local breed “Veten” by the presence of negative responses: the weight of caterpillars after exposure compared to the control corresponds to + 43.7 % (III), + 65.0 % (IV), –36.2 % (V). It was found that the content of wintering grains in water and aqueous solutions of the “Violet-K” preparation leads to the weight increase of the silk shell: by 54.4–80.5 % (p < 0.05 and 0.001) in the local species, as well as by 11.4–16.1 % (0.001 %) and 2.7 % (0.01 % solution “Violet K”) p < 0.05 and 0.001. The species “Oragase” differs in this effect compared with the control, particularly, in the comparison with control, the impact promotes to a significant decrease in the weight of the silk shell by 33 % (–78.5 mg) and 22.5 % (–49.0 mg), p < 0.001. The impact is reflected in the date of departure of butterflies and the number of laid eggs, and only in introduced species: the positive effect compared to the control, on average on 1 female was 3.6–4.8 times higher (“Sverico-sari”) and 1.1 times (“Oragase”).

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