Humanizing Stakeholders by Rethinking Business

Can business humanize its stakeholders? And if so, how does this relate to moral consideration for stakeholders? In this paper we compare two business orientations that are relevant for current business theory and practice: a stakeholder orientation and a profit orientation. We empirically investigate the causal relationships between business orientation, humanization, and moral consideration. We report the results of six experiments, making use of different operationalizations of a stakeholder and profit orientation, different stakeholders (employees, suppliers, labor unions), and different participant samples. Our findings support the prediction that individual stakeholders observing a stakeholder-oriented firm see the firm’s other stakeholders as more human than individual stakeholders observing a profit-oriented firm. This humanization, in turn, increases individual stakeholders’ moral consideration for the firm’s other stakeholders. Our findings underscore the importance of humanization for stakeholders’ moral consideration for each other. This paper contributes to a deeper understanding of the firm as a moral community of stakeholders. Specifically, we move away from a focus on managers, and how they can make business more moral. Instead we direct attention to (other) stakeholders, and how business can make these stakeholders more moral.

From family business orientation to organisational citizenship behaviour: prosocial behaviour in family business performance

PurposeThis article seeks to understand the role of prosocial behaviour and moral obligation in family business to explain the indirect relationship between family business orientation and citizenship behaviour.Design/methodology/approachThis study proposes a model to examine the role of moral obligation and prosocial behaviour in such a relationship to understand a link between family orientation and organisational citizenship behaviour. The authors provide empirical evidence to test the hypothesis by conducting an online survey of family business behaviour in the Indonesia context.FindingsThe family business orientation has a significant impact on citizenship behaviour, while prosocial behaviour and moral obligation offer an additional contribution. The results suggest that family business performance demonstrates how a family that owns the business sets the social purposes from various performance alternatives beyond profit, such as family orientation, prosocial behaviour, moral obligation and organisational citizenship behaviour.Originality/valueThis study extends the agency and stewardship theory by examining how family business performance becomes different from other firm performance where the mainstream of economic theory argues that the business attempts to maximise profit for the stakeholders. The findings suggest that incorporating the theory of social practice in family business enhances the concept of prosocial behaviour in family business value.

Market orientation and corporate performance of small and medium-sized enterprises in Saudi Arabia

The goal of this paper is to examine the effect of business orientation on the success of small and medium-sized enterprises in Saudi Arabia. Corporate performance is a dependent variable, whereas business orientation, competitor orientation and inter-functional orientation are used as independent variables. This cross-section analysis was based on a quantitative survey design. The target population consisted of 72 SMEs (industrial, commercial and service) identified by the Saudi Chamber of Commerce in Riyadh. The companies were selected from Riyadh, Jeddah, Abha, Dammam and Bisha, which were founded before March 1, 2005 with less than 100 employees in Saudi Arabia. The findings showed that consumer orientation, competitor orientation and inter-functional cooperation had a substantial positive influence on the success of SMEs in Saudi Arabia during the study period. Market orientation dimensions, in particular, demonstrated a modest relationship to company efficiency. It was concluded that the greater the orientation of the business, the higher the output and the income of the enterprises. SME owners/managers are advised to understand the consumer orientation dimensions that have a positive effect on the success of their firms. Involved parties also need to establish more consistent business-oriented strategies that assess corporate success in order to boost the output of Saudi companies.

The Effect of Market Orientation and Entrepreneurship Orientation to Competitive Advantage and Performance

This study aims to explain the effect market orientation, entrepreneurship orientation and competitive advantage on performance. The population in this study was all Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises enrolled in Bali. Samples taken based on probability sampling techniques are simple random sampling, where researchers provide equal opportunities for each member of the population (employees) to be chosen as samples randomly regardless of the strata in the population itself with a total sample of 100 enterprises. This examination tried by quantitative techniques with SEM-PLS investigation. The consequences of theory testing demonstrate that 1 of 5 speculations were dismissed. Market orientation not impacts on performance. Market orientation and business enterprise orientation has positive and significant impact to competitive advantage. Business orientation and competitive advantage has positive and significant impact to performance. The example utilized in this examination is restricted with regards to Micro Small and Medium Enterprise. Proposals for further research by including another variable that was not recently contemplated. Useful ramifications in this examination is industry administrators ought to adjust their CPMS to incorporate estimates explicit to intra-hierarchical business enterprise and development and should seek after more noteworthy comprehension of changing client inclinations. This examination offers performance to improve business orientation and item advancement with the goal that it will expand competitive advantage which effects on MSMEs performance.

The Role of Capability in Mediating Influences Business Orientation, Competence And Marketing Knowledge of Performance Small and Medium Business (UMKM)

This research was conducted based on differences in the focus of discussion about entrepreneurial orientation, competence, marketing knowledge. UMKM capability and performance. In addition, there are also research problems (research problems) about the decline in the development of the cake trade industry in Gianyar Regency in 2018. This research was conducted on MSME entrepreneurs in the cake trade industry in Gianyar Regency with a population and a sample of 55 MSMEs. All data obtained from the questionnaire distribution is feasible to use, then analyzed using PLS 3.0. The results of the study provide that entrepreneurial orientation has a positive and significant effect on capability, competence has a positive and significant effect on capability, marketing knowledge has a positive and significant effect on capability, entrepreneurial orientation has a positive and significant effect on MSME performance, competence has a positive and significant effect on MSME performance, marketing knowledge has a positive and significant effect on MSME performance, capability has a positive and significant effect on MSME performance, entrepreneurial orientation has a positive and significant effect on MSME performance with capabilities as a mediating variable, competence has a positive and significant effect on MSME performance with capabilities as a mediating variable, marketing knowledge a positive and significant effect on the performance of MSMEs with capabilities as a mediating variable. The implication of this research is that capability is able to mediate the variables of entrepreneurial orientation, competence, marketing knowledge on MSME performance.

Presentation of the Results of the Survey on the Importance of Leadership Competences in the Logistics Industry

The aim of the article is to present the most important, according to logistics practitioners, leadership competences in logistics. The competences examined come from the Dynamic Leadership Model of SGH Warsaw School of Economics, developed by the Institute of Human Capital under the guidance of Professor Tomasz Rostkowski. The research was conducted from September to November 2018 using an online survey addressed to managers and executives in the logistics industry. The paper presents the most important competences in logistics according to the respondents: business orientation, building relations and cooperation, sharing experience, creating changes and decision making.

Procrastination in Medical University Students with Different Personality Orientation

Introduction. The present article is devoted to the study of the procrastination severity in medical university students with different personality orientation, as well as to a comparative qualitative and quantitative analysis of this phenomenon. The aim of the current research is to investigate the procrastination severity in medical university students depending on the personality orientation. Methodology and research methods. The methodological basis of the study is the fundamental principles of the personality psychology, developed in the Russian psychology by A. N. Leontiev, S. L. Rubinstein. The personality orientation was considered on the basis of the provisions formulated by A. S. Makarenko, A. N. Leontiev, V. N. Myasishchev, K. K. Platonov. To understand the phenomenon of procrastination, the authors implemented the provisions articulated by Ya. I. Varvarycheva, E. L. Mikhailova, N. A. Shukhov. C. Lei’s procrastination scale was used in order to study the procrastination level. Personality orientation was examined with the use of the questionnaire developed by V. Smekal and M.Kucher.The obtained results were processed using the methods of mathematical statistics, in particular, the Kruskal–Wallis test, and Spearman’s rank correlation test. The sample included 96 students of the 1st-2nd years of education (average age is 19.5) of the Irkutsk State Medical University. Results. The distribution of medical students by the level of severity of procrastination is determined. It is demonstrated that this category of students is characterised by an average and high level of a partial or constant tendency to delay the implementation of important matters and making decisions, consciously postponing the implementation of leading activity. The business orientation of the personality, manifested in the predominance of motives associated with the activity itself and with the enthusiasm for the activity, dominates in students. It was estimated that students characterised by personal, business and interaction orientation are statistically significantly different by the severity of procrastination, while the students focused on communication and interaction are characterised by a higher level of procrastination. The prevalence of social networks, the availability of mobile communications and the Internet create the basis for the implementation of the communication need with the use of virtual communication, and simultaneously is an obstacle to the implementation of leading activities. For students with a personality orientation, it is most difficult to correlate their own needs and the need to care responsibilities, such a dissonance of tasks and leading motives activates procrastinating behaviour. Scientific novelty. The levels of procrastination among medical students are revealed. It is established that differences in the severity of procrastinating behaviour depends on the dominant orientation of the person (personal orientation, business orientation, interaction orientation). It is stated that students with an interaction orientation, inclined to show interest in people, attentiveness to interpersonal relations, have a higher level of procrastinating behaviour. It is revealed for the first time that the focus on communication with other people is a personal predictor of procrastinating behaviour among medical students. Practical significance. The research results allow for the determination of strategies and formulation of recommendations on correcting procrastination, as well as prevention of procrastination. The research findings can be employed to organise targeted psychological work with students of medical universities.