Porosity distribution in root canals filled with gutta percha and calcium silicate cement

The present study evaluated the effect of ultrasonic agitation on the porosity distribution of BioRoot RCS/single gutta-percha cone (BR/SC) and MTA Flow (MF) root canals fillings used as apical plugs in moderately curved and apically perforated roots. Eighty mesial root canals of mandibular first molars were enlarged up to ProTaper NEXT X5 rotary instrument 2 mm beyond the apical foramen, simulating apical perforations. Specimens were randomly divided into four experimental groups (20 canals per group) according to the material and technique used for root canal obturation: BR/SC, BR/SC with ultrasonic agitation (BR/SC-UA), MF and MF with ultrasonic agitation (MF-UA). The ultrasonic tip was passively inserted into the root canal after the injection of flowable cement and activated for 10 s. The specimens were scanned before and after obturation with a high-resolution micro-computed tomography scanner, and the porosity of the apical plugs was assessed. The differences between groups were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, with the significance level set at 5%. None of the obturation materials and techniques used in this study was able to provide a pore-free root canal filling in the apical 5 mm. Considerably higher percentages of open and closed pores were observed in the MF and MF-UA groups, with the highest porosity being in the MF-UA group (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the BR/SC and BR/SC-UA groups, where the quantity of open and closed pores remained similar (p > 0.05).

Download Full-text

Comparative evaluation of porosity distribution in root canals obturated with gutta-percha using single-cone technique and thermoplasticized technique

Saudi Endodontic Journal ◽

10.4103/sej.sej_118_19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 126

Author(s):

KarunaY Mahabala ◽

Tanya Sawhney ◽

AnsuAnn Abraham ◽

Madhura Sen ◽

Srikant Natarajan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Evaluation ◽

Porosity Distribution ◽

Root Canals ◽

Gutta Percha ◽

Single Cone

Download Full-text

Evaluation of calcium silicate cement bond strength after using gutta-percha solvents

Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice ◽

10.4103/1119-3077.197020 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (11) ◽

pp. 1417 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E Bayram ◽

HM Bayram ◽

T Aslan ◽

H Göktürk ◽

Y Ustün

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Calcium Silicate ◽

Calcium Silicate Cement ◽

Gutta Percha

Download Full-text

In Vivo Comparative Evaluation of Periapical Healing in Response to a Calcium Silicate and Calcium Hydroxide Based Endodontic Sealers

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2018.293 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (8) ◽

pp. 1475-1479 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dalia Y. Zaki ◽

Mohamed H. Zaazou ◽

Maram E. Khallaf ◽

Tamer M. Hamdy

Keyword(s):

Calcium Hydroxide ◽

Root Canal ◽

Calcium Silicate ◽

Negative Control ◽

Root Canal Filling ◽

Root Canals ◽

Filling Materials ◽

Gutta Percha ◽

Periapical Healing

BACKGROUND: The composition of the root canal filling materials together with the apical limit of the root canal obturation affect the complete periapical healing after root canal therapy.AIM: This study was performed to evaluate and compare the periapical healing in response to calcium-silicate (iRoot SP) and calcium-hydroxide (Apexit) based-sealers.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy-two upper premolars root canals of six dogs were used. The teeth were randomly assigned to four groups: Group one: roots were obturated using gutta-percha and Apexit-sealer; Group two: roots were obturated using gutta-percha&iRoot SP-sealer; Group three: the teeth were left open without obturation; Group four: where healthy teeth were used as a negative control. Teeth were evaluated after one, two and three months. The newly formed mineralised apical tissue and the periapical inflammatory infiltrate of the obtained photomicrographs were evaluated, and scorings were statistically-analysed.RESULTS: The mean percentage of the periapical inflammatory infiltrates and mineralisation scoring after one, two and three months evaluation period were not significantly different among the four groups (P > 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of the sealer used, iRoot SP and Apexit promote healing of periapical tissues. IRoot SP sealer showed early insignificant more partial and almost full healing after two and three months.

Download Full-text

Porosity Distribution in Single Cone Root Canal Fillings Performed by Operators with Different Clinical Experience: A microCT Assessment

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10122569 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 2569

Author(s):

Saulius Drukteinis ◽

Goda Bilvinaite ◽

Paulius Tusas ◽

Hagay Shemesh ◽

Vytaute Peciuliene

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Micro Computed Tomography ◽

Porosity Distribution ◽

Significance Level ◽

Root Canals ◽

Gutta Percha ◽

General Dental Practitioner ◽

Single Cone ◽

Maxillary Premolars ◽

Computed Tomography Scanner

The objective of this study was to assess the porosity distribution of BioRoot RCS/single gutta-percha point root-canal fillings performed by a general dental practitioner and endodontist. Fourteen plastic models of maxillary premolars with two roots were selected and shaped with HyFlex EDM instruments to a size 40/0.04 taper and randomly divided into two experimental groups. A total of 14 canals in each group were obturated by two different operators with one HyFlex EDM size 40 gutta-percha point and BioRoot RCS sealer. The specimens were scanned with a high-resolution micro-computed tomography scanner, and the porosity of the fillings at the coronal, middle, and apical thirds of the root canals was qualified and quantified. The differences between groups and root-canal thirds were compared using Mann–Whitney, Friedman, and Wilcoxon tests with the significance level set at p < 0.05. The highest number of pores was observed in the apical third of root-canal fillings in both groups; however, the porosity distribution between the two groups was not significantly different in the apical and middle thirds (p > 0.05). Statistically significant differences were determined only in the coronal third (p < 0.05). The predominance of open pores was detected in all root-canal thirds and groups, with no significant differences in the number of open pores between the coronal and middle thirds (p > 0.05).

Download Full-text

Histological Evaluation of Periradicular Tissue Inflammatory Reactions and Calcified Tissue Formations After Implantation of Experimental Calcium Silicate and Hydroxyapatite Based Nanostructural Cements Into Root Canals of Rabbits Teeth

Acta veterinaria ◽

10.2478/acve-2021-0006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 85-97

Author(s):

Petrović Violeta ◽

Opačić-Galić Vanja ◽

Jokanović Vukoman ◽

Sopta Jelena ◽

Prokić Bogomir Bolka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Calcium Silicate ◽

Tissue Reaction ◽

Tissue Response ◽

Histological Evaluation ◽

Inflammatory Reactions ◽

Calcium Silicate Cement ◽

Root Canals ◽

Calcified Tissue ◽

Tissue Reactions ◽

Inflammatory Tissue

Abstract The aim of the study was to evaluate inflammatory tissue reactions and the formation of calcified tissue after implantation of experimental nanostructured calcium silicate cement (CS) and hydroxyapatite with calcium silicate cement (HA-CS) into root canals of rabbits’ teeth. The study was conducted on four rabbits of the genus Oryctolagus cuniculus. After instrumentation and irrigation, the root canals of the central incisors were dried and filled with CS, HA-CS and control material (MTA Angelus). The animals were sacrificed after 28 days. After histological preparation and hematoxylin-eosin staining, tissue samples were evaluated for the intensity and extension of inflammatory tissue reaction; continuity, morphology and thickness of the newly formed calcified tissue; and presence of giant cells, materials particles and microorganisms. Kruskal Wallis and Dunn’s post hoc test were used for data analysis (α=0.05). There were no significant differences in the intensity of inflammatory reactions between CS, HA-CS and MTA control. HA-CS showed significantly better results than MTA and CS with respect to continuity of the newly formed calcified tissue (P=0.003 and P=0.010, respectively). Significant differences in thickness of the calcified tissue existed between CS and MTA (P=0.004) and between HA-CS and MTA (P=0.012). Application of CS and HA-CS resulted in minimal inflammatory tissue response, similar to the MTA control. CS and HA-CS were more efficient than MTA in supporting hard tissue formation. The best organized newly formed calcified tissue was seen after HA-CS application.

Download Full-text

Tooth discoloration induced by apical plugs with hydraulic calcium silicate-based cements in teeth with open apices—a 2-year in vitro study

Clinical Oral Investigations ◽

10.1007/s00784-021-04009-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ralf Krug ◽

C. Ortmann ◽

S. Reich ◽

B. Hahn ◽

G. Krastl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Calcium Silicate ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Color Difference ◽

Blood Contamination ◽

Tooth Color ◽

Color Changes ◽

Gutta Percha ◽

Tooth Discoloration ◽

Post Hoc

Abstract Objectives To assess tooth discoloration induced by different hydraulic calcium silicate-based cements (HCSCs), including effects of blood and placement method. Materials and methods Eighty bovine teeth cut to a length of 18 mm (crown 8 mm, root 10 mm) were randomly assigned to 10 groups (n = 8), receiving orthograde apical plug treatment (APT). Apical plugs were 4 mm in length and made of ProRoot MTA (Dentsply), Medcem MTA (Medcem), TotalFill BC RRM Fast Set Putty (Brasseler), or Medcem Medical Portland Cement (Medcem) plus bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) with and without bovine blood. Further, orthograde (with or without preoperative adhesive coronal dentin sealing) and retrograde APT were compared. Teeth were obturated with gutta-percha and sealer, sealed with composite and stored in distilled water. Tooth color was measured on apical plug, gutta-percha/sealer, and crown surface before treatment versus 24 h, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after treatment by spectrophotometry. Color difference (ΔE) values were calculated and analyzed by Shapiro–Wilk test, ANOVA with post hoc tests, Friedman test, t test, and post hoc tests with Bonferroni correction (α = .05). Results Tooth discoloration occurred in all groups with no significant differences between HCSCs (p > .05). After 24 months, color changes were prominent on roots but insignificant on crowns. Blood contamination induced a significantly decreased luminescence (p < .05). Blood had a stronger impact on tooth color than Bi2O3. No relevant effects of retrograde placement (p > .05) or preoperative dentin sealing (p > .05) were detected. Conclusions Apical plugs of the tested HCSCs cause discoloration of bovine roots, but not discoloration of bovine tooth crowns within a 24-month period. Clinical relevance APT should be performed carefully while avoiding direct contact with the coronal dentin, and in that case no aesthetic impairments occur.

Download Full-text

Effect of Sonic Agitation of a Binary Mixture of Solvents on Filling Remnants Removal as an Alternative to Apical Enlargement—A Micro-CT Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9082465 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 2465

Author(s):

Inês Ferreira ◽

Pedro S. Babo ◽

Ana Cristina Braga ◽

Manuela E. Gomes ◽

Irene Pina-Vaz

Keyword(s):

Binary Mixture ◽

Methyl Ethyl Ketone ◽

Solvent Mixture ◽

Methyl Ethyl ◽

Micro Computed Tomography ◽

Significance Level ◽

Root Canals ◽

Gutta Percha ◽

Ah Plus ◽

Mandibular Incisors

Background: This work aimed to evaluate the efficacy of sonic agitation of a binary mixture of solvents (methyl ethyl ketone/tetrachloroethylene) on filling remnants removal and compare the effects of solvent agitation with the enlargement to the next instrument size. Methods: Twenty-four mandibular incisors were prepared with ProTaper Next (X1, X2) and obturated with the single-cone technique and AH Plus sealer. The teeth were retreated with ProTaper Universal Retreatment and ProTaper Next and divided into two groups (n = 12) according to the final instrument (X3 or X4). All canals were submitted to a supplementary procedure consisting of a mixture of solvents―methyl ethyl ketone/tetrachloroethylene, agitated with EndoActivator. The volume of filling remnants was assessed through micro-computed tomography in the apical 5 mm. Statistical analysis was performed with a significance level of 5%. Results: The supplementary procedure of agitation of the solvent mixture was beneficial in both groups (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between canals re-prepared until X4 and canals re-prepared until X3 plus solvent (p > 0.05). Conclusions: An additional step with a two-solvent solution potentiated by EndoActivator showed to be very effective for the removal of gutta-percha and resinous sealer remnants from apical root canals of mandibular incisors, avoiding further enlargement.

Download Full-text