scholarly journals Histological Evaluation of Periradicular Tissue Inflammatory Reactions and Calcified Tissue Formations After Implantation of Experimental Calcium Silicate and Hydroxyapatite Based Nanostructural Cements Into Root Canals of Rabbits Teeth

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-97
Author(s):  
Petrović Violeta ◽  
Opačić-Galić Vanja ◽  
Jokanović Vukoman ◽  
Sopta Jelena ◽  
Prokić Bogomir Bolka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Tissue Reaction ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Calcium Silicate Cement ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Calcified Tissue ◽  
Tissue Reactions ◽  
Inflammatory Tissue

Abstract The aim of the study was to evaluate inflammatory tissue reactions and the formation of calcified tissue after implantation of experimental nanostructured calcium silicate cement (CS) and hydroxyapatite with calcium silicate cement (HA-CS) into root canals of rabbits’ teeth. The study was conducted on four rabbits of the genus Oryctolagus cuniculus. After instrumentation and irrigation, the root canals of the central incisors were dried and filled with CS, HA-CS and control material (MTA Angelus). The animals were sacrificed after 28 days. After histological preparation and hematoxylin-eosin staining, tissue samples were evaluated for the intensity and extension of inflammatory tissue reaction; continuity, morphology and thickness of the newly formed calcified tissue; and presence of giant cells, materials particles and microorganisms. Kruskal Wallis and Dunn’s post hoc test were used for data analysis (α=0.05). There were no significant differences in the intensity of inflammatory reactions between CS, HA-CS and MTA control. HA-CS showed significantly better results than MTA and CS with respect to continuity of the newly formed calcified tissue (P=0.003 and P=0.010, respectively). Significant differences in thickness of the calcified tissue existed between CS and MTA (P=0.004) and between HA-CS and MTA (P=0.012). Application of CS and HA-CS resulted in minimal inflammatory tissue response, similar to the MTA control. CS and HA-CS were more efficient than MTA in supporting hard tissue formation. The best organized newly formed calcified tissue was seen after HA-CS application.

Porosity distribution in root canals filled with gutta percha and calcium silicate cement

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 1100-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir T. Moinzadeh ◽  
Wilhelm Zerbst ◽  
Christos Boutsioukis ◽  
Hagay Shemesh ◽  
Paul Zaslansky
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Porosity Distribution ◽  
Calcium Silicate Cement ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Gutta Percha

An effective and biocompatible antibiofilm coating for central venous catheter

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 357-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelisa Farah Silva Paes Leme ◽  
Aline Siqueira Ferreira ◽  
Fernanda Aparecida Oliveira Alves ◽  
Bruna Martinho de Azevedo ◽  
Liza Porcaro de Bretas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Central Venous Catheter ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Tissue Reaction ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions

The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy and the tissue reaction of an antibiofilm coating composed of xylitol, triclosan, and polyhexamethylene biguanide. The antimicrobial activity was analyzed by a turbidimetric method. Scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate the antiadherent property of central venous catheter (CVC) fragments impregnated with an antibiofilm coating (I-CVC) in comparison with noncoated CVC (NC-CVC) fragments. Two in vivo assays using subcutaneous implantation of NC-CVC and I-CVC fragments in the dorsal area of rats were performed. The first assay comprised hematological and microbiological analysis. The second assay evaluated tissue response by examining the inflammatory reactions after 7 and 21 days. The formulation displayed antimicrobial activity against all tested strains. A biofilm disaggregation with significant reduction of microorganism’s adherence in I-CVC fragments was observed. In vivo antiadherence results demonstrated a reduction of early biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, mainly in an external surface of the I-CVC, in comparison with the NC-CVC. All animals displayed negative hemoculture. No significant tissue reaction was observed, indicating that the antibiofilm formulation could be considered biocompatible. The use of I-CVC could decrease the probability of development of localized or systemic infections.

scholarly journals Tissue toxicity of root canal sealers

2004 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Vujaskovic ◽  
Dragoljub Bacetic
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Tissue Reaction ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Control Material ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Subcutaneous Connective Tissue ◽  
Tissue Reactions ◽  
Root Canal Sealers ◽  
Observation Period

The aim of this study was to evaluate tissue response to root canal sealers Tubuliseal and Sealapex. The sealers were freshly mixed and injected in the dorsal subcutaneous connective tissue of 12 Wistar rats.The observation periods were 7 days, 21days and 60 days. Four operative areas were formed ( 2 for test sealers, Tubliseal or Sealapex and 2 for control material) on each animal. Tissue sections were taken from selected sites. Each section included skin, subcutaneous connective tissue and underlying muscle tissue.All blocks were processed with the use of standardized histological procedures.The tissue reactions were studied under light microscopy. Different grades of tissue reaction to the tested materials were recorded as mild, moderate or severe inflammation. After seven days both root canal sealers showed severe inflammatory reaction of connective tissue in experimental animals.Tubuliseal caused prolonged moderate and mild inflammation. Sealapex caused mild inflammation which diminished at the end of the observation period. The results of this study demonstrated that Sealapex was better tolerated by tissue than Tubliseal.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EFFECT OF “LIGHTWEIGHT” AND “HEAVYWEIGHT” POLYPROPYLENE MESHES ON THE PRO-CESSES OF ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL TISSUE REGENERATION WHEN PERFORMING RETROMUSCULAR ALLOGENEOPLASTY

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
V. I. Pyatnochk ◽  
I. Ya. Dzyubanovsʹkyy ◽  
K. S. Volkov
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Polypropylene Mesh ◽  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Tissue Reaction ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Lightweight Mesh ◽  
Aseptic Inflammation ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Tissue Reactions

The ultrastructural changes of the tissues of musculo-aponeurotic layer of anterior abdominal wall after implantation of the “lightweight” and “heavyweight” polypropylene meshes into the retrometallic space were studied in the experiment. Significant differences of the tissue reactions at different periods of the experiment on the implanted material were evidenced. The presence of a moderately pronounced inflammatory tissue reaction was noticed on the 14th day of the study in the area of the implantation of the “lightweight” polypropylene mesh compared to the “heavyweight” one: the inflammatory response included acute manifestations of aseptic inflammation with a significant tissue response. On the 28th day of the experiment, in cases of implantation of the “lightweight” mesh, the stabilization of tissue reaction to the implant with reduction of inflammatory changes was observed, as evidenced by a significantly smaller number of leukocyte infiltration sites, a significant improvement in vascularization and development of collagen fibres around the mesh material with fibroblasts, which was not observed in the area of implantation of the “heavyweight” polypropylene mesh. The conducted morphological and ultrastructural studies have prioritized the use of “lightweight” meshes when choosing material to perform allohernioplasty.

scholarly journals Histological evaluation of tissue reactions to newly synthetized calcium silicate- and hydroxyapatite-based bioactive materials: in vivo study

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 370-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanja Opacic-Galic ◽  
Violeta Petrovic ◽  
Vukoman Jokanovic ◽  
Slavoljub Zivkovic
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Direct Pulp Capping ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Pulp Capping ◽  
Tissue Reactions

Introduction/Objective. Development of materials which could be used as biological bone substitutes is one of the most valuable and active fields of biomaterial research. The goal of the study was to research the reaction of tissue on calcium silicate- (CS) and hydroxyapatitebased (CS-HA) newly synthesized nanomaterials, after being implanted into the subcutaneous tissue of a rats and direct pulp capping of rabbit teeth. Methods. The tested materials were implanted in 40 Wistar male rats, sacrificed after seven, 15, 30, and 60 days. The direct pulp capping was performed on the teeth of rabbits. Cavities were prepared on the vestibular surface of the incisors. The animals were sacrificed after 10 and 15 days. The control material was mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Histological analysis covered the tracking of inflammatory reaction cellular components, presence of gigantic cells, and necrosis of the tissue. Results. Seven days after the implantation, the strongest inflammatory response was given by the MTA (3.3 ?} 0.48), while CS and CS-HA scored 3 ? 0.71. After 60 days, the rate of inflammatory reactions dropped, which was the least visible with CS-HA (0.2 ? 0.45). The least visible inflammatory reaction of the rabbits? pulp tissue was spotted with the CS (1.83 ? 0.75), than with the MTA and CS-HA (2.67 ? 1.53, 3 ? 0.63). Conclusion. The newly synthesized materials caused a slight reaction of the subcutaneous tissue. CS-HA showed the best tissue tolerance. Nanostructural biomaterials caused a slight to moderate inflammatory reaction of the rabbits? pulp tissue only in the immediate vicinity of the implanted material.

scholarly journals Tissue reactions to a component of root canal system bacteria: lipoteichoic acid

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Dias Costa Junior ◽  
Francisco José de Souza-Filho ◽  
Sérgio Valmor Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Tissue Reaction ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Teflon Tube ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Tissue Reactions ◽  
Inflammatory Tissue

Lipoteichoic acid (LTA), present in Gram-positive microorganisms, has physiochemical characteristics that allow it to act as an immunogen. Due to polymicrobial characteristics of root canal infections, LTA can participate in the development of periapical disease. The reaction of the rat subcutaneous tissue to Teflon tube implants, filled with Fibrinol soaked in lipoteichoic acid (concentration of 150 µg/ml), was observed. Lipoteichoic acid provoked an inflammatory tissue reaction.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Tissue Response in Sites Sutured with Cyanoacrylate and Submitted to Low Power Laser Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2019 ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Eduardo de lima Andrade ◽  
Livia Prates Zerbinati ◽  
Marilia gerhardt Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Power Laser ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Inflammatory Parameters ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Tissue Reactions

This study aimed to qualitatively evaluate the inflammatory response in sites sutured with nylon and 2-octyl cyanoacrylate and submitted to low-power laser therapy. Background: 2-octyl cyanoacrylate acts as both a bonding agent for incisional wounds and a substitute for conventional suture methods after topical application, forming an occlusive layer that prevents the entry of any exogenous agent into the wound. Tissue reactions such as granuloma formation are cited in the literature as possible outcomes following 2-octyl cyanoacrylate use. Methods: Thirty wistar rats, were randomized into groups of five, of which fifteen were sutured with 2-octyl cyanoacrylate and another fifteen with nylon thread. In the postoperative period, all the animals were submitted to low power laser therapy in a single centralised region, with light perpendicular to the surgical wound, applied every 48 hours via the ArGaAl laser, with a wavelength of 685nm, a dose of 4J/cm2 and power level of 35mW. All the animals were kept in separate cages, under similar conditions, and provided with water and ad libitum feed. Animals were euthanized at 1 day (D1), 3 days (D2) and 7 days (D3). Tissue samples were removed from the central region of the wound and the slides were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Results: Histological sections were analysed by evaluating inflammatory parameters and in accordance with a previously standardized scale. Similar inflammatory reactions were observed between sutured wounds with nylon and cyanoacrylate, with no statistically significant differences observed. Conclusions: Results suggest that there is no difference in the association between 2-octyl cyanoacrylate and laser therapy and nylon sutures with and the same As-Ga-Al laser application dosage

scholarly journals Pathological Features of Bovine Pericardium Implanted Into Mice Abdominal Wall after Preservation with Glutaraldehyde or Glycerin

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Cláudia Borges Costa ◽  
Marta Fernanda Albuquerque da Silva ◽  
Gisele Braziliano de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Biological Materials ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Tissue Reaction ◽  
Bovine Pericardium ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Cell Destruction ◽  
Tissue Reactions

Background: Lately, the use of biological materials has been widely indicated in surgical procedures to restore structure and function of injured tissues. Bioimplants require different conservation techniques; among these, glutaraldehyde preservation stands out owing to its higher antimicrobial efficiency as compared to glycerin. In view of the need to determine a concentration of glutaraldehyde that can act as a biocide but do not cause undesirable tissue reactions, this study aimed to identify and quantify gross and microscopic tissue alterations after implantation of bovine pericardium, which was preserved in various concentrations of glutaraldehyde, in the abdominal wall of mice.Materials, Methods & Results: Fresh pericardia from 18 bovines were fractioned into 1cm2 samples and treated with a 98% glycerin solution for 30 days (control group), or 0.625%, 1%, and 1.5% glutaraldehyde solution for 18 days (experimental groups). An abdominal muscle fragment was excised from each mouse, and a 1-cm2 fragment of preserved pericardium was implanted in the area. Sixty mice (n = 15 per treatment) divided into groups were observed for 7, 14, and 30 days, and five animals from each group were euthanized at each time point for gross and microscopic examination. Fragments of the implants and adjacent skin lesions were harvested, fixed in formalin, and processed for routine histology and microscopic analysis. Both the type of inflammatory infiltrate and the repair process of the tissue response were similar between the groups that received glycerin-preserved pericardium and those that were subjected to pericardium preserved with 0.625% glutaraldehyde. Animals that received 1% glutaraldehyde-preserved implants and were examined 30 days thereafter exhibited a chronic, intense reaction with fibrosis and necrosis of the abdominal wall muscles, as well as calcification and presence of giant cells, when compared to the animals examined at 7 and 14 days in the same treatment group. These changes were also present and more intense in animals that received 1.5% glutaraldehyde-preserved pericardium examined at 14 and 30 days later, with tissue destruction and impaired incorporation of the implant into the adjacent muscle tissue.Discussion: The continuous cell destruction observed in animals treated with implants preserved with 1% or 1.5% glutaraldehyde is a hallmark of chronic inflammation, since several inflammatory cell molecules contribute to this lesion. A cycle is created: continuous degradation sustains inflammation, and inflammatory molecules contribute to the process of cell destruction. Consequently, we conclude that the use of glutaraldehyde at concentrations of 1 or 1.5% is not feasible for preservation of biological materials. Tissue repair was chronologically more effective in the group treated with glycerinpreserved implants, since animals treated with glutaraldehyde-preserved implants needed a longer period to restore due to presence of a persistent inflammatory response, immunogenicity, calcification, and deficient remodeling.  The ideal preservative for biological materials should not cause chronic and/or intense inflammatory reaction in order to preserve the implant’s structure and allow its perfect incorporation into the tissue, even if the chosen preservative is flexible and exhibits disinfectant properties. Therefore, we conclude that glutaraldehyde at concentrations of 0.625% to 1% is suitable as a preservative for biomaterials because the tissue reaction it causes is tolerable; additionally, glutaraldehyde at concentrations close to 1% has been described to have sterilizing properties.

scholarly journals Tissue reaction to novel customized calcium silicate cement based dental implants. A pilot study in the dog

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Fakhrzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Ali Saghiri ◽  
Steven M. Morgano ◽  
Andrew Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Tissue Reaction ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Calcium Silicate Cement ◽  
Implant Test

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the level of periodontal tissue regeneration in a canine model following post-extraction placement of an implant molded from a composite material made from extracted tooth dentin and a calcium silicate cement (CSC) material. The investigation used autologous dentin in conjunction with a CSC material to form a composite implant designed for immediate tooth replacement. Methods Two (2) beagles had a periodontal and radiographic examination performed to rule out any pre-treatment inflammation, significant periodontal disease, or mobility. Then, ination eleven (11) teeth were extracted and polyvinyl siloxane molds were made to fabricate three different types of implants: Particulate Implant (Test Group 1, n = 4), Shell Implant Alone (Test Group 2, n = 2), Shell Implant with Emdogain® (Test Group 3, n = 3). Teeth in the control group were extracted, scaled (n = 2), and then re-implanted into their respective fresh extraction sockets. At 4 weeks, a clinical, radiographic, and histologic assessment was performed. Results Clinical evaluation revealed no mobility in any of the test or control implants and no radiographic evidence of significant bone loss or active disease. Based on the MicroCT analysis, direct bone to implant contact was observed in some areas with an apparent periodontal ligament space. Implant-related inflammation, on average, was similar among all groups, with low numbers of infiltrates. Implant-related inflammatory reaction was generally minimal and not interpreted to be adverse. Conclusion The proposed novel composite materials revealed that not only do these materials demonstrate high biocompatibility, but also their successful integration in the alveolus is likely secondary to a partial ligamentous attachment. The current investigation may lead to the use of calcium silicate-based materials as custom dental implants. Further research on this novel composite’s biomechanical properties is necessary to develop the optimal material composition for use as a load-bearing dental implant.

scholarly journals In Vivo Analysis of the Biocompatibility and Bone Healing Capacity of a Novel Bone Grafting Material Combined with Hyaluronic Acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4818
Author(s):  
Annica Pröhl ◽  
Milijana Batinic ◽  
Said Alkildani ◽  
Michael Hahn ◽  
Milena Radenkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Bone Substitute Material ◽  
Water Binding ◽  
Sham Operation Group ◽  
Operation Group ◽  
Substitute Material ◽  
Tissue Reactions ◽  
Inflammatory Tissue

The present in vivo study analyses both the inflammatory tissue reactions and the bone healing capacity of a newly developed bone substitute material (BSM) based on xenogeneic bone substitute granules combined with hyaluronate (HY) as a water-binding molecule. The results of the hyaluronate containing bone substitute material (BSM) were compared to a control xenogeneic BSM of the same chemical composition and a sham operation group up to 16 weeks post implantationem. A major focus of the study was to analyze the residual hyaluronate and its effects on the material-dependent healing behavior and the inflammatory tissue responses. The study included 63 male Wistar rats using the calvaria implantation model for 2, 8, and 16 weeks post implantationem. Established and Good Laboratory Practice (GLP)-conforming histological, histopathological, and histomorphometrical analysis methods were conducted. The results showed that the new hyaluronate containing BSM was gradually integrated within newly formed bone up to the end of the study that ended in a condition of complete bone defect healing. Thereby, no differences to the healing capacity of the control BSM were found. However, the bone formation in both groups was continuously significantly higher compared to the sham operation group. Additionally, no differences in the (inflammatory) tissue response that was analyzed via qualitative and (semi-) quantitative methods were found. Interestingly, no differences were found between the numbers of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages between the three study groups over the entire course of the study. No signs of the HY as a water-binding part of the BSM were histologically detectable at any of the study time points, altogether the results of the present study show that HY allows for an optimal material-associated bone tissue healing comparable to the control xenogeneic BSM. The added HY seems to be degraded within a very short time period of less than 2 weeks so that the remaining BSM granules allow for a gradual osteoconductive bone regeneration. Additionally, no differences between the inflammatory tissue reactions in both material groups and the sham operation group were found. Thus, the new hyaluronate containing xenogeneic BSM and also the control BSM have been shown to be fully biocompatible without any differences regarding bone regeneration.

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