scholarly journals Laboratory evaluation of the BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia plus panel compared to conventional methods for the identification of bacteria in lower respiratory tract specimens: a prospective cross-sectional study from South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 115236
Author(s):  
Barend Mitton ◽  
Roxanne Rule ◽  
Mohamed Said
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Identification Of Bacteria ◽  
Conventional Methods

scholarly journals Assessment of drug use pattern for lower respiratory tract infection in outpatient department of paediatric at central referral hospital: a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 2352
Author(s):  
Chandrakala Sharma ◽  
Arkojit Endow ◽  
Sudip Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Prescription audit is an important tool to analyse rational use of drug at different health sectors. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prescribing pattern using World Health Organization prescribing indicators for lower respiratory tract infection in children below five years of age.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient department of Paediatrics at Central Referral Hospital, Gangtok, Sikkim, India for a period of 18 months. Study involved children between 1-5 years of age with fever/cough with or without respiratory distress. The data were collected from the out patient department prescription slips as well as interviewing the parents/guardians after finishing the physician consultation. The data were processed using statistical software SPSS 20.Results: The study was conducted with 57 prescriptions comprising 210 drugs from both male (54.38%) and female (45.61%) patients. The average number of drugs per prescription was found to be 3.68. negligible (0.013%) prescription containing generic name of drug was found, 96.66% of medicines were prescribed from National Essential List of Medicine (NELM). No prescriptions were found to have injectables, 8.57% of the prescriptions were found to contain fixed dose combination. Amongst the drug categories, salbutamol accounted for 23.33% in total prescription followed by paracetamol (22.85%) and amoxicillin (7.14%). While accounting for the formulations used, the maximum prescriptions were containing syrup followed by nebulization.Conclusions: The use of generic names was minimal, only few of the prescriptions had vitamins and tonics with no use of injectable preparations. Maximum numbers of drugs were prescribed from NELM.

scholarly journals Bacteriology of Sputum Samples: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (221) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijendra Raj Raghubanshi ◽  
Bal Man Singh Karki
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Sputum Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Lower respiratory tract infection is a common infection and accounts for a greaterburden of disease worldwide. It is a great challenge to the clinician and still more, with increasingantimicrobial resistance. Its empirical treatment may vary according to the type of causativeorganisms. The objective of this study is to identify the pathogenic microorganisms and theirantimicrobial susceptibility pattern from sputum sample. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in KIST Medical College andTeaching Hospital from February 2015 to January 2016. Ethical approval was taken from institutionalreview committee prior to the study with reference no. 0051/2014/15. Data on culture and sensitivityof isolates from sputum samples were collected from the records of the hospital. Sample collection,processing, identification of microorganisms and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performedaccording to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. All the data were tabulatedin an Excel sheet and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: Out of 2318 samples, 694 (29.93%) sputum samples at 95% confidence interval (737.21-650.79) were reported as culture positive. Klebsiella was the most common isolate followedby Pseudomonas, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans,Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, and others. Imipenem and vancomycin showedthe most sensitivity towards gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria respectively. Conclusions: Proper diagnosis, identification of causative agents and their antimicrobial susceptibilitypattern are important steps to limit the irrational use of antimicrobials. Prescribing antimicrobialsempirically in the case of suspected lower respiratory tract infection is difficult.

scholarly journals The Effect of Parental Smoking on the Severity of Asthma in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Irani ◽  
Jad Saliba
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asthma Exacerbations ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Tract Infections

BACKGROUND: Several environmental factors trigger attacks of asthma by immunological and non-immunological mechanisms. Among these factors are cited the passive or second hand smoking (SHS) which has a deleterious effect on the prognosis of childhood asthma and induces a resistance to treatment by corticosteroids. The aim of the present study was to identify parents of children with asthma who are smokers and to explore the possible negative impact of SHS exposure on the disease of asthmatic children.MATERIALS & METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted from February 2012 to February 2013.The study population consisted of children with asthma. The information concerning the patients was collected from their medical records filled out by the physician in a clinical setting in direct communication with the patients, or their parents when it is a little child. A group of 100 children age between 2 and 15 years, with asthma were recruited for the study. The study children were divided into two groups: cases with 28 children from smoking families, and controls with 73 children from non-smoking families. Analysis of the number of respiratory infections, asthma exacerbations per year, and the average number of hospitalization was done in both groups.RESULTS: Pearson chi2 test was adopted. We showed that smoking among the father was positively correlated with a higher number of hospitalizations for asthma, higher incidence of lower respiratory tract infections and asthma exacerbations. Similarly, the maternal smoking was positively correlated with a higher number of hospitalizations for asthma, lower respiratory tract infections and asthma exacerbations.CONCLUSION: Passive smoking causes respiratory illness, asthma, poor growth, neurological disorders in children. To avoid the risk of respiratory and allergic diseases by environmental tobacco smoke, absolute smoking cessation by parents is strongly recommended.

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