Influence of ambient-tablet PC luminance ratio on legibility and visual fatigue during long-term reading in low lighting environment

Displays ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 101943
Author(s):  
Hanui Yu ◽  
Takeshi Akita
Keyword(s):  
Luminance Ratio ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
Tablet Pc ◽  
Lighting Environment

A Review of Literature Relating to Visual Fatigue

1979 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 362-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanda J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Human Visual System ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Hard Copy ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
The Past ◽  
Scientific Organizations ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Area Of Concern

The design of workstations with visual displays has become the subject of considerable interest and concern during the past few years. One area of concern relates to the assumption that long term viewing of such displays at close focal distances may contribute to visual fatigue. A second is the effect on the human visual system of the frequent changes in surface illumination associated with display units used in combination with hard copy documents. As a consequence of these and other concerns, the popular press has published articles that have aroused the interest of various scientific organizations regarding the subject of these effects. This paper discusses a review of some of the literature regarding a limited aspect of this issue, namely the accommodation and pupillary systems as they relate to long term viewing of visual display units.

A model for evaluating visual fatigue under LED light sources based on long-term visual display terminal work

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 729-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Wang ◽  
X Zhong ◽  
Y Tu ◽  
L Wang ◽  
Y Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Display ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
Subjective Data ◽  
Led Light ◽  
Visual Display Terminal ◽  
Physiological Signal ◽  
Validation Experiment ◽  
Using Data

Using data derived from eight hours work at a visual display terminal, a model for evaluating visual fatigue under LED light sources has been developed based on five ophthalmological parameters and three physiological signals. A simplified model based on one ophthalmological parameter and one physiological signal is also proposed. Both models show a high correlation with subjective data and are confirmed by a validation experiment. The results also show that the visual fatigue occurring after eight hours of visual display terminal work under LED lighting is rather small.

Visual Fatigue Caused by Tablet PC Based on Critical Fusion Frequency and Eye Blink Frequency

2013 ◽  
Vol 401-403 ◽  
pp. 544-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Ming Chen ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Yong Tang ◽  
Xun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Living Environment ◽  
Subjective Rating ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
Tablet Pc ◽  
Fusion Frequency ◽  
Eye Blink ◽  
Tablet Pcs ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Critical Fusion Frequency ◽  
Blink Frequency

The objective of the study is to evaluate visual fatigue induced by different tablet PCs (LCD/OLED) by measuring CFF (critical fusion frequency), BF (eye blink frequency) and (SR) subjective rating. Twelve healthy subjects (10 males and 2 females) participated in the study in a controlled simulated living environment with a 18-23°C temperature, 30-45% relative humidity and 150lx illuminance. The experiment was carried out about 50 minutes, including: 30 minutes watching task (EOG test) and 20 minutes test (including subjective questionnaire and CFF test before and after the experiment). The experiment design included dependent variables: CFF, BF and subjective rating (SR); and two independent variables: Tablet PC types, watching times. As a result, after the experiment, the decline range of CFF of LCD was lower significant than that of OLED (p<0.001); the decline range of BF of LCD was higher than that of OLED (p<0.01). Also, subjective rating indicated a consistent result that higher visual fatigue was founded after watching LCD. As a whole, watching LCD tablet PC caused higher visual fatigue than watching OLED tablet PC in general.

scholarly journals Design and Fabrication of Smart Diapers with Antibacterial Yarn

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Horng Lin ◽  
Bing-Chiuan Shiu ◽  
Ching-Wen Lou ◽  
Yuan-Jen Chang
Keyword(s):  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Tablet Pc ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Test Standards ◽  
Conductive Yarns ◽  
Cotton Yarns ◽  
Finishing Processes ◽  
Wireless Module

In this study, intelligent eco-diapers are made by combining antibacterial yarns coated with quaternary ammonium salts with conductive yarns to improve caretaking for urinary incontinence. The combination of conductive yarns and sensors can detect the moisture content in eco-diapers, and an alarm is sent when moisture is significant. A wireless module is used to send detected signals to a smartphone or tablet PC via the Internet. This concept is used for a scenario in which nurses do not randomly check on patients in a long-term care institution. When used offline, eco-diapers can send caregivers an alarm for the need to change diapers via cell phones. The diameters of the copper and silver-plated copper fibers are 0.08 and 0.10 mm, respectively. Cotton yarns are twisted with copper and silver-plated copper fibers to form the conductive yarns, which are 0.12 mm in diameter. Moreover, 30-count cotton and 150 D nylon yarns are coated with quaternary ammonium salt via dyeing and finishing processes to form antibacterial yarns. In the current study, intelligent eco-diapers are tested for their electrical and antibacterial properties as specified by AATC and JISL test standards.

scholarly journals Exploring tablet PC lectures: Lecturer experiences and student perceptions in biomedicine

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Choate ◽  
George Kotsanas ◽  
Phillip Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Laser Pointer ◽  
Tablet Pc ◽  
Tablet Pcs ◽  
Written Comments ◽  
Lecture Recordings ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
Survey Responses

<p>Lecturers using tablet PCs with specialised pens can utilise real-time changes in lecture delivery via digital inking. We investigated student perceptions and lecturer experiences of tablet PC lectures in large-enrolment biomedicine subjects. Lecturers used PowerPoint or Classroom Presenter software for lecture preparation and in-lecture pen-based inking. Using surveys and lecturer interviews, students and lecturers were asked to reflect on their tablet PC lectures in comparison to non-tablet lectures that used prepared images and a laser pointer. Quantitative survey responses suggested that students felt that the tablet lectures were more interesting, that they were more capable of keeping up with the lecturer, and they enhanced their understanding of the lecture content. Qualitative analysis of written comments indicated that students appreciated the real-time writing and drawings, particularly because these were visible on lecture recordings. When reflecting on their non-tablet lectures, most lecturers used the pen-based writing, drawing and highlighting tablet functions and reduced lecture pace and content for their tablet lectures.  Long-term tablet use led to lecturers making more use of digital inking, with less use of prepared images. Our results support the idea that tablet PC-supported lectures are conducive to improved management of cognitive load via reduced lecture pace and content.</p><p> </p>

Effect of character contrast ratio of tablet PC and ambient device luminance ratio on readability in low ambient illuminance

Displays ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 46-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanui Yu ◽  
Takeshi Akita ◽  
Takaaki Koga ◽  
Naoko Sano
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Ratio ◽  
Luminance Ratio ◽  
Tablet Pc

scholarly journals A Field Study of the Impact of Indoor Lighting on Visual Perception and Cognitive Performance in Classroom

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 7436
Author(s):  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Zheng Huang ◽  
Zhijiang Li ◽  
Michael R. Pointer ◽  
Geng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Text Reading ◽  
Lighting Environment ◽  
Indoor Lighting ◽  
The Impact

In this field study, a series of psychophysical tests were conducted to investigate the impact of indoor lighting on students’ visual perception and cognitive performance. A typical classroom of Wuhan University (China) was fitted with tubular light-emitting diode (LED) sources and LED panel sources in two experiments, respectively. Under the two lighting environments, seventy-nine college students were invited to complete a group of visual tests, which included colour preference evaluations of fruit and vegetables and skin tone, perceptual judgement on the atmosphere of the lighting environment, a reading comfort assessment concerning different paper colours, a Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) test quantifying alertness, and the Anfimov test of attention (also concerning paper colours). These tests were conducted twice, before and after a two-hour self-study under each lighting environment, with the aim of investigating the impact of visual fatigue on visual perception and cognitive performance. It was found that the influence of indoor lighting was significant on skin preference and atmosphere perception, while no measured effects of lighting were observed on participant’s alertness and attention. Meanwhile, the impact of visual fatigue was also found to be insignificant in this case. Interestingly, paper colour, rather than indoor lighting, was found to have a significant impact on the visual comfort of text reading. In addition, degree of proficiency significantly influenced the proofreading speed and accuracy of the subjects the in Anfimov test, which we believe should be taken into consideration when implementing similar tests in follow-up studies. The preliminary findings of this field study should provide a deeper understanding of how changes in classroom lighting contribute to visual perception and cognitive performance of occupants.

scholarly journals Virtual reality training improves accommodative facility and accommodative range

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongyu Guo ◽  
Yangyang Zhan ◽  
Xiawei Wang ◽  
Jianhua Xia ◽  
Yangshun Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Pupil Size ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Vr Training ◽  
Accommodative Facility

Abstract Background To evaluate the effects of virtual reality (VR) training on different parameters of vision. Methods Individuals with healthy eyes admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University or Shulan Hospital from November 2018 to June 2019 were randomly divided into short-term (n = 40) and long-term (n = 20) treatment groups. They were given a specially designed VR training device only once for 15 minutes or 3–4 times a day for 15 minutes each time for one month. The visual acuity, spherical equivalent, accommodative range, accommodative facility, pupil size, and visual fatigue were evaluated before (control) and after VR training. Results The visual acuity, accommodative range, and accommodative facility increased in subjects of the short-term treatment group, whereas the pupil size contracted significantly. No significant changes in spherical equivalent and visual fatigue were observed. The changes in distant vision and corrected visual acuity were positively correlated with those in pupil size, but not with spherical equivalent. The accommodative range and accommodative facility improved significantly in subjects of the long-term treatment group. No significant changes in visual acuity, spherical equivalent, pupil size, and visual fatigue were noted. Conclusions VR training can improve the accommodative range and accommodative facility of human eyes. Although short-term VR training can transiently improve vision, which was probably due to bright light adaptation, there is no evidence that it can improve myopia. Trial registration: Retrospective registration ChiCTR2000029793. Date of Registration: 2020-02-14.

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