Interpreting the Czech drug decriminalization: The glass is half full – Response to Cerveny, J., Chomynova, P., Mravcik, V., & van Ours, J.C. (2017). Cannabis decriminalization and the age of onset of cannabis use

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 102-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vendula Belackova ◽  
Michaela Stefunkova
Keyword(s):  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Drug Decriminalization

The Alerting and Orienting Systems of Attention Are Modified by Cannabis Dependence

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 520-532
Author(s):  
Ivett E. Ortega-Mora ◽  
Ulises Caballero-Sánchez ◽  
Talía V. Román-López ◽  
Cintia B. Rosas-Escobar ◽  
Mónica Méndez-Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Attention Network ◽  
Cannabis Dependence ◽  
Alerting System

AbstractAttention allows us to select relevant information from the background. Although several studies have described that cannabis use induces deleterious effects on attention, it remains unclear if cannabis dependence affects the attention network systems differently.Objectives:To evaluate whether customary consumption of cannabis or cannabis dependence impacts the alerting, orienting, and executive control systems in young adults; to find out whether it is related to tobacco or alcohol dependence and if cannabis use characteristics are associated with the attention network systems.Method:One-hundred and fifty-four healthy adults and 102 cannabis users performed the Attention Network Test (ANT) to evaluate the alerting, orienting, and executive control systems.Results:Cannabis use enhanced the alerting system but decreased the orienting system. Moreover, those effects seem to be associated with cannabis dependence. Out of all the cannabis-using variables, only the age of onset of cannabis use significantly predicted the efficiency of the orienting and executive control systems.Conclusion:Cannabis dependence favors tonic alertness but reduces selective attention ability; earlier use of cannabis worsens the efficiency of selective attention and resolution of conflicts.

Poster #172 EFFECT OF CANNABIS USE ON AGE OF ONSET. FINDINGS FROM A SAMPLE OF ITALIAN FIRSTEPISODE PSYCHOTIC PATIENTS

2012 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. S343
Author(s):  
Maria Valentina Rumeo ◽  
Lucia Sideli ◽  
Alice Mule ◽  
Marta Di Forti ◽  
Daniele La Barbera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Cannabis Use

scholarly journals Age of Onset of Cannabis Use is Associated with Age of Onset of High-Risk Symptoms for Psychosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Dragt ◽  
Dorien H Nieman ◽  
Hiske E Becker ◽  
Reinaud van de Fliert ◽  
Peter M Dingemans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Cannabis Use

scholarly journals The association between cannabis use and outcome in pharmacological treatment for opioid use disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tea Rosic ◽  
Raveena Kapoor ◽  
Balpreet Panesar ◽  
Leen Naji ◽  
Darren B. Chai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Differential Outcomes ◽  
Urine Drug

Abstract Background With the ongoing opioid crisis and policy changes regarding legalization of cannabis occurring around the world, it is necessary to consider cannabis use in the context of opioid use disorder (OUD) and its treatment. We aimed to examine (1) past-month cannabis use in patients with OUD, (2) self-reported cannabis-related side effects and craving, and (3) the association between specific characteristics of cannabis use and opioid use during treatment in cannabis users. Methods Participants receiving pharmacological treatment for OUD (n = 2315) were recruited from community-based addiction treatment clinics in Ontario, Canada, and provided information on past-month cannabis use (self-report). Participants were followed for 3 months with routine urine drug screens in order to assess opioid use during treatment. We used logistic regression analysis to explore (1) the association between any cannabis use and opioid use during treatment, and (2) amongst cannabis-users, specific cannabis use characteristics associated with opioid use. Qualitative methods were used to examine responses to the question: “What effect does marijuana have on your treatment?”. Results Past-month cannabis use was reported by 51% of participants (n = 1178). Any cannabis use compared to non-use was not associated with opioid use (OR = 1.03, 95% CI 0.87–1.23, p = 0.703). Amongst cannabis users, nearly 70% reported daily use, and half reported experiencing cannabis-related side effects, with the most common side effects being slower thought process (26.2%) and lack of motivation (17.3%). For cannabis users, daily cannabis use was associated with lower odds of opioid use, when compared  with occasional use (OR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.47–0.79, p < 0.001) as was older age of onset of cannabis use (OR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.94, 0.99, p = 0.032), and reporting cannabis-related side effects (OR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.51, 0.85, p = 0.001). Altogether, 75% of cannabis users perceived no impact of cannabis on their OUD treatment. Conclusion Past-month cannabis use was not associated with more or less opioid use during treatment. For patients who use cannabis, we identified specific characteristics of cannabis use associated with differential outcomes. Further examination of characteristics and patterns of cannabis use is warranted and may inform more tailored assessments and treatment recommendations.

scholarly journals An Australian Twin Study of Cannabis and Other Illicit Drug Use and Misuse, and Other Psychopathology

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 631-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Lynskey ◽  
Arpana Agrawal ◽  
Anjali Henders ◽  
Elliot C. Nelson ◽  
Pamela A. F. Madden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Drug Use Disorders ◽  
Illicit Drug Abuse ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Adult Twins

Cannabis is the most widely used illicit drug throughout the developed world and there is consistent evidence of heritable influences on multiple stages of cannabis involvement including initiation of use and abuse/dependence. In this paper, we describe the methodology and preliminary results of a large-scale interview study of 3,824 young adult twins (born 1972–1979) and their siblings. Cannabis use was common with 75.2% of males and 64.7% of females reporting some lifetime use of cannabis while 24.5% of males and 11.8% of females reported meeting criteria for DSM-IV cannabis abuse or dependence. Rates of other drug use disorders and common psychiatric conditions were highly correlated with extent of cannabis involvement and there was consistent evidence of heritable influences across a range of cannabis phenotypes including early (≤15 years) opportunity to use (h2 = 72%), early (≤16 years) onset use (h2 = 80%), using cannabis 11+ times lifetime (h2 = 76%), and DSM abuse/dependence (h2 = 72%). Early age of onset of cannabis use was strongly associated with increased rates of subsequent use of other illicit drugs and with illicit drug abuse/dependence; further analyses indicating that some component of this association may have been mediated by increasing exposure to and opportunity to use other illicit drugs.

scholarly journals Investigation of the COMT Val158Met variant association with age of onset of psychosis, adjusting for cannabis use

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e01120
Author(s):  
Rohit J. Lodhi ◽  
Yabing Wang ◽  
David Rossolatos ◽  
Georgina MacIntyre ◽  
Alexandra Bowker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Comt Val158met

U-shaped curve of psychosis according to cannabis use: New evidence from a snowball sample

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1331-1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antía Brañas ◽  
María L Barrigón ◽  
Nathalia Garrido-Torres ◽  
Salvador Perona-Garcelán ◽  
Juan F Rodriguez-Testal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Psychotic Experiences ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Negative Dimension ◽  
Alcohol And Other Drugs ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) assessed using the Community Assessment of Psychic Experience (CAPE) questionnaire and the pattern of cannabis use in a non-clinical sample collected by snowball sampling. Methods: Our sample was composed of 204 subjects, distributed into three groups by their cannabis use pattern: 68 were non-cannabis users, 40 were moderate cannabis users and 96 were daily cannabis users. We assessed the psychotic experiences in each group with the CAPE questionnaire; and then controlled for the effect of possible confounding factors like sex, age, social exclusion, age of onset of cannabis use, alcohol use and other drug use. Results: We found a significant quadratic association between the frequency of cannabis use and positive (β = −1.8; p = 0.004) and negative dimension scores (β = −1.2; p = 0.04). The first-rank and mania factors showed a significant quadratic association ( p < 0.05), while the voices factor showed a trend ( p = 0.07). Scores for the different groups tended to maintain a U-shape in their values for the different factors. When we adjusted for gender, age, social exclusion, age of onset of cannabis use, and use of alcohol and other drugs, only the first-rank experiences remained significant. Conclusions: We found there was a U-shaped curve in the association between cannabis use and the positive and negative dimensions of the CAPE score. We also found this association in mania and first-rank experiences.

Cannabis use and age of diagnosis of schizophrenia

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 282-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisela Sugranyes ◽  
Itziar Flamarique ◽  
Eduard Parellada ◽  
Immaculada Baeza ◽  
Javier Goti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Peak Frequency ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Age Of Diagnosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post Hoc

AbstractBackground and objectivesObservational studies have reported earlier onset of psychosis in schizophrenic patients with a history of cannabis use. Earlier age of onset of schizophrenia has been associated with a poorer outcome. We aimed to examine whether cannabis use determined an earlier onset of schizophrenia in a sample of first episode patients, in an area with one of Europe's highest rates of cannabis use.Methods116 subjects with first episode psychosis and subsequent diagnosis of schizophrenia (after a 12-month follow-up) were included Age at first antipsychotic treatment (A1T) was used as proxy for age of psychosis onset, and acted as dependent variable for the statistical analysis. Cannabis use was evaluated retrospectively, and divided into three groups according to peak frequency (never, sporadic/frequent, daily).Results46 (39.7%) subjects had never used cannabis, 23 (19.9%) had done so sporadically/frequently, and 47 (40.5%) daily. A1T differed between the three groups (mean, in years and [SD]: 27.0 [4.94]; 25.7 [4.44] and 24.5 [4.36]; p = 0.033) and diminished as cannabis use increased (linear tendency; p = 0.009). Post-hoc analysis showed that cannabis use (irrespective of frequency) was significantly associated with decrease in A1T (p = 0.033), as shown by the first contrast [1 −1/2 −1/2]. Post-hoc contrast showed that cannabis users had a significantly lower age of onset of psychosis (mean decrease, in years: 1.93; CI (confidence interval) 95%: 0.17–3.70; p = 0.033).ConclusionsCannabis use was significantly associated with a decrease in age of onset of schizophrenia. Age of onset of the disease correlated with frequency of cannabis use.

scholarly journals F81. AGE OF ONSET OF CANNABIS USE AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN FIRST EPISODE NON-AFFECTIVE PSYCHOSIS PATIENTS: 3-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OUTCOME

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S251-S251
Author(s):  
Esther Setién-Suero ◽  
Diana Tordesillas-Gutierrez ◽  
Benedicto Crespo-Facorro ◽  
Rosa Ayesa-Arriola
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Affective Psychosis
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