scholarly journals Cost-effective fabrication approaches for improving output performance of triboelectric energy harvesters

2022 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 103640
Author(s):  
Siavash Zargari ◽  
Ziaddin Daie Koozehkanani ◽  
Hadi Veladi ◽  
Jafar Sobhi ◽  
Alireza Rezania
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Output Performance

scholarly journals Piezoelectric Thick Film Deposition via Powder/Granule Spray in Vacuum: A Review

Actuators ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Deepak Rajaram Patil ◽  
Venkateswarlu Annapureddy ◽  
J. Kaarthik ◽  
Atul Thakre ◽  
Jun Akedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thick Film ◽  
Thick Films ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Aerosol Deposition ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Film Deposition ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Ceramic Films ◽  
Dense Ceramic ◽  
Processing Techniques

Conventional thin-film processing techniques remain inadequate for obtaining superior dense ceramic thick films. The incompatibility of ceramic films prepared via other methods, such as screen printing, spin coating, and sputtering, is a major obstacle in the fabrication of thick film-based ceramic electronic components. The granule spray in vacuum (GSV) processes and aerosol deposition (AD) are important coating approaches for forming dense ceramic thick films featuring nanoscale crystallite structures at room temperature, which offer excellent material properties and facilitate cost-effective production. AD ceramic coatings require the acceleration of solid-state submicron ceramic particles via gas streams with a velocity of a few hundred meters per second, which are then wedged onto a substrate. This process is economical and particularly useful for the fabrication of piezoelectric thick film-based microactuators, energy harvesters, sensors, and optoelectronic devices. More recently, the GSV technique was improved to achieve more uniform and homogeneous film deposition after AD. This review article presents a detailed overview of the AD and GSV processes for piezoelectric thick films in terms of recent scientific and technological applications.

Magnetostrictive Fe-Ga Wires with Fiber Texture

2008 ◽  
Vol 1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Patrick Farrell ◽  
Patti E. Quigley ◽  
Kyle J. Avery ◽  
Tim D. Hatchard ◽  
Stephanie E Flynn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystallographic Texture ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fiber Texture ◽  
Saturation Field ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Wire Method ◽  
Deformation Processes

AbstractRecently, low-cost processing approaches that produce textured thin bodies have engendered interest as cost-effective approaches for fabrication of magnetostrictive Fe-Ga alloys. In particular, wire-forming methods that strictly control the solidification direction could lead to some measure of crystallographic texture control. This is critical for development of large magnetostriction in polycrystals and for use of the alloys in actuators, sensors, energy harvesters and other systems. Magnetostrictive Fe-Ga wires have been prepared using an innovative cost-effective approach – based on the Taylor wire method – that combines rapid solidification and deformation processes. The procedure for making magnetostrictive wires is discussed and the wires are evaluated in terms of microstructure, crystallographic texture and magnetostriction. Results show that the Taylor-based approach is an effective and versatile means to draw 1-3 mm diameter textured Fe-Ga wire. Experimentation on the influence of drawing technique and quench conditions on texture development resulted with production of a strong <100> fiber texture in the Fe-Ga wire. Magnetostriction measurements, in the absence of prestress, indicated a maximum magnetostriction of ˜165 ppm in a saturation field of less than 200 mTesla. This is considered a significant strain for bulk polycrystalline Fe-Ga alloys without a pre-stress or a stress-annealing treatment. The unique properties of wires made with the Taylor-based approach coupled with the low intrinsic cost make this an attractive approach for production of textured magnetostrictive wire for a variety of applications.

Theoretical Analysis and General Characteristics for Nonlinear Vibration Energy Harvesters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanxiao Wu ◽  
Zhi Tao ◽  
Haiwang Li ◽  
Tiantong Xu ◽  
Wenbin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Power Line ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Output Performance ◽  
Equivalent Time ◽  
Time Average ◽  
Mechanical Damping ◽  
Limit Power ◽  
Nonlinear Energy

Abstract In this paper, we present a systematic theoretical and numerical study of the output performance of nonlinear energy harvesters. The general analytical expression of output power for systems with different combinations of nonlinear stiffness and nonlinear damping, as well as symmetrical and asymmetrical systems, have been derived based on harmonic balance method, observing compliance with numerical results. We theoretically prove that there is a limit power for all nonlinear systems which is determined exclusively by the vibrator mass, excitation acceleration, and mechanical damping. The results also indicate that for symmetrical stiffness systems, the asymmetrical damping components have no effect on the output performance. Additionally, we derived semi-analytical solutions of the matching loads and numerically investigated the influence of nonlinear coefficients on the output power with matched load. When the load matches device parameters and is much larger than the internal resistance, the equivalent time-average damping is equal to the mechanical damping. Although the matching load and output power vary with the nonlinear coefficients, the normalized power and matching resistance ratio follow a power function, named matching power line, which is independent of the structural parameters. With the improvement of the equivalent time-average short-circuit damping in the vibration range, the normalized power moves to the right end of the matching power line, and the output power approach to the limit power. These conclusions provide general characteristics of nonlinear energy harvesters, which can be used to guide the design and optimization of energy harvesters.

scholarly journals VIBRATION ENERGY HARVESTING TECHNIQUE: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-48
Author(s):  
Nik Fakhri Nek Daud ◽  
Ruzlaini Ghoni
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Output Performance ◽  
Harvesting Technique ◽  
External Power Source ◽  
External Power ◽  
Future Requirement

In order to minimize the requirement of external power source and maintenance for electric devices such as wireless sensor networks, the energy harvesting technique based on vibrations has been a dynamic field of studying interest over past years. Researchers have concentrated on developing efficient energy harvesters by adopting new materials and optimizing the harvesting devices. One important limitation of existing energy harvesting techniques is that the power output performance is seriously subject to the resonant frequencies of ambient vibrations, which are often random and broadband. This paper reviews important vibration-to-electricity conversion mechanisms, including theory, modelling methods and the realizations of the piezoelectric, electromagnetic and electrostatic approaches. Different types of energy harvesters that have been designed with nonlinear characteristics are also reviewed. As one of important factors to estimate the power output performance, the energy conversion efficiency of different conversion mechanisms is also summarized. Finally, the challenging issues based on the existing methods and future requirement of energy harvesting are also discussed.

scholarly journals Response Analysis of Asymmetric Monostable Harvesters Driven by Color Noise and Band-Limited Noise

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 9227
Author(s):  
Shuangyan Liu ◽  
Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Harmonic Excitation ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Color Noise ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Output Performance ◽  
Response Bandwidth ◽  
Band Limited ◽  
The Moment

In this paper, we investigate the response of asymmetric potential monostable energy harvesters (MEHs) excited by color noise and band-limited noise. The motivation for this study is that environmental vibrations always have the characteristic of randomness, and it is difficult to modulate a perfectly symmetric MEH. For the excitation of exponentially correlated color noise, the moment differential equation was applied to evaluate the output performance of the asymmetric potential MEHs. Numerical and theoretical analyses were carried out to investigate the influence of noise intensity and internal system parameters on the output power of the system. Our results demonstrate that the output performance of the asymmetric MEH decreases with the increase in the correlation time, which determines the character of the color noise. On the contrary, the increase in the asymmetric degree enhances the output power of the asymmetric MEH subjected to color noise. For the band-limited noise excitation, numerical simulation is undertaken to consider the response of the asymmetric MEHs, and outcomes indicate that the frequency bandwidth and center frequency have a significant influence on the output performance. Regarding the asymmetric potential, its appearance leads the MEHs to generate higher output power at lower frequencies and this phenomenon is more obvious with the increase in the degree of asymmetry. Finally, we observed that the characteristics of the response bandwidth of asymmetric MEHs subjected to band-limited noise excitation are similar to the response under harmonic excitation.

Nuclear Batteries for Maritime Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Ian Hamilton ◽  
Nisarg Patel
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Unmanned Vehicles ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
New Type ◽  
Thermionic Energy Conversion ◽  
Nuclear Batteries ◽  
Nuclear Battery

AbstractThe large size of the ocean stretches the capability of conventional power sources beyond their limits. Chemical batteries simply do not have enough energy density to power underwater unmanned vehicles (UUVs) for hundreds of miles or oceanic sensors for months on end. Wave and solar energy harvesters are traditionally limited to the surface and cannot provide power to deep water devices. A new type of power supply must be developed if the deep oceans are to be completely mapped and explored. One source of energy that has the power density needed is that of the radioisotope power supply or nuclear battery. This concept draws on the benefits of nuclear power in batteries—just like nuclear submarines use nuclear reactors. Nuclear batteries have energy densities thousands of times greater than chemical cells and can provide power nonstop for months to centuries, depending on the isotope used. Radioisotope batteries do not suffer from the temperature and pressure limitations that conventional batteries do. However, current nuclear battery designs are far too expensive for commercial use and are limited to high-profile applications like space power. A new type of nuclear power supply needs to be developed in order to completely take advantage of radioisotope battery benefits. The authors are developing such a system that makes use of the thermionic energy conversion to create an efficient, cost-effective, and safe nuclear battery, specifically for oceanic applications.

scholarly journals An integrated circuit to null standby using energy provided by MEMS sensors

ACTA IMEKO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Roberto La Rosa ◽  
A. Y. S. Pandiyan ◽  
Carlo Trigona ◽  
Bruno Andò ◽  
Salvatore Baglio
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Power Dissipation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Battery Lifetime ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Main Target ◽  
Smart Measurement

The advent of smart measurement systems and innovative wireless sensor networks evinces the necessity to develop novel solutions for conditioning circuits to be used in autonomous or quasi autonomous measurement systems and sensing nodes. The main problem these systems still face is the question of how to supply the nodes in a cost-effective way, considering that, very often, a battery is required, and consequently, the maintenance labor and cost to replace or recharge it may be high. The main target is to increase battery lifetime by decreasing unnecessary energy consumption as much as possible. In this context, several solutions, including energy harvesters, have already been proposed. One of the main solutions is the reduction of power consumption by the measurement device while in standby, which, in most cases, represents a significant amount of the total power dissipation. To this end, authors have already addressed a zero-energy standby solution able to supply the power requested by the measurement equipment only when the appliance is turned on. In this paper, we present an integrated circuit solution suitable to be used with MEMS scale transducers. The validation and the characterisation of the system will be shown to demonstrate the suitability of the proposed method.

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